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Machine Learning Basics

The document provides an overview of machine learning models, covering supervised and unsupervised learning techniques, model evaluation metrics, and the concepts of overfitting and underfitting. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the bias-variance tradeoff and lists popular libraries used in Python and R for machine learning. The conclusion highlights the necessity of grasping foundational algorithms and trade-offs for effective model building.

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8 views1 page

Machine Learning Basics

The document provides an overview of machine learning models, covering supervised and unsupervised learning techniques, model evaluation metrics, and the concepts of overfitting and underfitting. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the bias-variance tradeoff and lists popular libraries used in Python and R for machine learning. The conclusion highlights the necessity of grasping foundational algorithms and trade-offs for effective model building.

Uploaded by

li1747285
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Title: A Beginner’s Guide to Machine Learning Models

1. Supervised Learning
- Regression: Predicts continuous values. Example: Linear Regression for house
price prediction.
- Classification: Predicts categorical outcomes. Examples: Decision Trees, Logistic
Regression, SVM.

2. Unsupervised Learning
- Clustering: Finds groups in data. Examples: K-means, DBSCAN.
- Dimensionality Reduction: Reduces features while preserving variance. Example:
PCA.

3. Model Evaluation Metrics


- Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score (for classification).
- Mean Squared Error (MSE), R-squared (for regression).

4. Overfitting vs. Underfitting


- Overfitting: Model learns noise; performs poorly on new data.
- Underfitting: Model too simple; fails to capture patterns.

5. Bias-Variance Tradeoff
- High bias → underfitting; high variance → overfitting.
- Goal: Balance complexity and generalization.

6. Popular Libraries
- Python: scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch
- R: caret, mlr

Conclusion:
Understanding foundational algorithms and trade-offs is crucial for building
effective and interpretable ML models.

References:
- Géron, A. (2019). Hands-On Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn, Keras, and
TensorFlow.
- Bishop, C. M. (2006). Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning.

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