CV3011 – RC Design
Tutorial 7
Serviceability Limit State:
control of deflection & crack
Name: Dr. Qian Shunzhi
Address: N1-01C-79
Tel: 67904916
Email:
[email protected] 1
1. A doubly reinforced rectangular beam section shown in Figure 1 is used in an end
span of a continuous beam. The span of the beam is 10m and it must resist a
design ultimate sagging moment of 870 kNm. The calculated area of tension
reinforcement was 3449 mm2 and four bars (2 nos. 40 mm diameter bars + 2 nos.
25 mm diameter bars) of area 3492 mm2 were provided. The calculated area of
compression reinforcement was 254 mm2 and two 16 mm diameter bars of area
400 mm2 were provided. Use concrete class C30/37 and steel bars grade 500.
Check whether the span/effective depth ratio is within the allowable limit. If
concrete cover is 30 mm, also check whether the maximum bar spacing is within
the allowable limit for crack control.
2H16
700
H10 links
2H40 + 2H25
325
Figure 1 2
Solution: Check effective span-depth ratio
For end span, K = 1.3
100As,reqd 100× 3449
ρ= = = 1.52
bd 325× 700
fck = 30 N/mm2
From Figure 6.3,
7, ℓ /d =14.0 ∴ L/d = K ( ℓ /d ) = 1.3 (14.0) = 18.2
7 7
(i) Modification for long span = = = 0.70
span 10
As, prov 3492
(ii) Modification for = = 1.012
As,reqd 3449
Hence, allowable span-depth ratio = 18.2 x 0.70 x 1.012 = 12.9
10 (1000)
The actual span-depth ratio = = 14.3
700
∴ The deflection limit is exceeded. 3
4
5
Check of bar spacing Assume max crack width is 0.3 mm
(i) Maximum spacing for main tension bars
ρ = 1.52% ( > ρmin = 0.15% )
Assume Gk ≈ Qk and moment re-distribution δ = 0.9
f yk Gk + 0.3Qk 1
Then, service stress level fs =
1.15 1.35Gk +1.5Qk δ
500 1 + 0.3 1 2
= = 218 N/mm
= 215 N/mm2
1.35 k +1.5 0.9
1.15 1.35+1.5
From Table 6.7, allowable maximum bar spacing is: 225
230 mm
mm
Actual bar spacing, s1 = [ 325 – 2 (30 + 10) – 2 (32 /2)]/ 3 = 71 mm ( <230
225mm
mm)
∴ The bar spacing is within the allowable limit for crack control.
6
( Ast /bd )
= 1.15
= Gk + ψ2Qk
= 1.35Gk + 1.5Qk
8
(i) Side face reinforcement
Beam is more than 600 mm deep ∴ steel bars are needed on side faces.
Steel stress level: fs.side ≈ 0.5 fs = 0.5 (218) 109 N/mm2
215) = 108
From Table 6.7, allowable maximum bar spacing is: 300 mm
Provide 2H16 bars at vertical spacing of 300 mm ( s3 )
2H16
2H16
s3
2H40 + 2H25
s1