1
Notes
Assignments
5.2, 5.5, 5.15, 5.21(a-f, h)
Tutorial problems
5.1, 5.3, 5.4, 5.41
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
2
Mid-term examination
Time: Nov. 17 (Sunday) 7:00-9:00 pm
Venue: TBA
Coverage: Chapters 1-4
Cheat sheets: Not allowed (a formula table will
be provided alongside the exam paper)
Exam language: English
Final examination: 40% for Chapters 1-4
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Review 7
The CT Fourier Transform Pair
Fourier Transform
Inverse Fourier Transform
8
With CTFT, now the frequency response of an
LTI system makes complete sense
Impulse response F Frequency response
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
CTFT Properties 9
8) Convolution Property
x ( t ) ←
→ X ( jω )
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
10
11
Example 4.19
a=1 a=2
12
CTFT Properties
9) Multiplication Property
1
2π
13
Examples of the Multiplication Property:
Modulation Property
Frequency shift
e jω0t
x (t ) ←
F
→ X ( j (ω − ω0 ))
Example 4.21
14
https://chenglab.eee.sustech.e
du.cn/EE205/modulation.html (cont.)
ω1 : bandwidth
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Review 15
4.8
sampling function
FS
ωs = 2π / T : sampling frequency
16
(cont.)
Image the process to sample a continuous signal
s(t)
F
t
17
Problem 4.34 18
A causal and stable LTI system S has the frequency response
jω + 4
H ( jω ) =
6 − ω 2 + 5 jω
Determine a differential equation relating the input x(t) and output y(t) of S
Determine the impulse response h(t) of S
What is the output of S when the input is= x(t ) e−4t u (t ) − te−4t u (t )
②
① Y ( jω ) jω + 4 jω + 4 A B 2 1
= H= ( jω ) H ( jω ) = = − = −
X ( jω ) 6 − ω 2 + 5 jω (2 + jω )(3 + jω ) 2 + jω 3 + jω 2 + jω 3 + jω
1
e− at u (t ) ←→ (t ) 2e −2t u (t ) − e −3t u (t )
∴ h=
Y ( jω ) ⋅ (6 − ω 2 + 5 j=
ω ) X ( jω ) ⋅ ( jω + 4) a + jω
1
③ te− at u (t ) ←→
d 2 y (t ) dy (t ) dx(t ) (a + jω ) 2
+5 + 6 y (t ) = + 4 x(t ) 1 1
dt 2
dt dt ∴ X ( jω ) = −
4 + jω (4 + jω )2
1 A B
∴Y ( jω ) = H ( jω ) ⋅ X ( jω ) = = −
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems (4 + jω )(2 + jω ) 4 + jω 2 + jω
Chapter 5
The Discrete-Time Fourier
Transform
Time domain Frequency domain
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Thinking…
How to move from CT Fourier series to CT
Fourier transform?
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
22
Discrete-Time Fourier Transform
(DTFT)
1
ak =
N
∑
n= N
x[n]e − jkω0 n
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
DTFT Derivation (1/3)
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
DTFT Derivation (2/3)
, , ,
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
DTFT Derivation (3/3)
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Review 26
Periodicity Properties of DT Complex
Exponentials
n ..., −1, 0,1, 2,3,...
=
• For DT complex exponentials, signal are periodic only when
ω0 N = k ⋅ 2π , k = 0, ±1, ±2,
e jω0 n = e jω0 ( n + N ) e jω0 N = 1 ω0 N= k ⋅ 2π
• For DT complex exponentials, signals with frequencies ω0
and ω0+k•2π are identical. e j (ω0 + k ⋅2π ) n =e jω0 n ⋅ e jk ⋅2π n =e jω0 n
• We need only consider a frequency interval of length 2π, and on
most cases, we use the interval: 0 ≤ ω0 < 2π , or −π ≤ ω0 < π
Review https://chenglab.eee.sustech.edu.cn/EE205/DT%20 27
harmonically%20related.html
Cont.
jω n
- e 0 does not have a continually increasing rate of oscillation
as ω0 is increased in magnitude.
low-frequency (slowly varying): ω0 near 0, 2π, …, or 2k • π
high-frequency (rapid variation): ω0 near ± π, …, or (2k+1) • π
j (2 k +1)π n jπ n jπ n
e = e = (e ) = (−1) n
28
1
ak =
N
∑
n= N
x[n]e − jkω0 n
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Example: From Periodic To Aperiodic
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Fourier Transform Examples (1/2)
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Fourier Transform Examples (2/2)
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Convergence Issue of Analysis
Equation
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Cont.
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Can Periodic Signals Have DTFT?
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Can Periodic Signals Have DTFT?
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
DTFT with Periodic Signals (1/2)
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
DTFT with Periodic Signals (2/2)
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Fourier Series v.s. Fourier Transform
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Example: Discrete-Time Impulse Chain
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
Time domain Frequency domain
Fourier Transform Signals and Systems
