Unit Two
Past simple :- الماضــــــــي البسيـــط
_ اوحسب قاعده يستخدم للتعبير عن شي حدث في الزمن الماضي الفعل في الزمن الماضي يكون-
) تصريف االفعال للزمن الماضيed )منتهي ب
Affirmative :- صيغـــــــــــــه المثبــــــــــــت
Subject + past simple + complete the sentence .
( ago ,yesterday , last ) ظروف الزمان مع الماضي
Examples : أ مثــــــــــله
1- I played football yesterday .
2- I played tennis last week .
3- He watched TV last night .
Negative ( not - n’t ) :- صيغـــــــــه النفي
did في حاله النفي نحتاج الى فعل مساعد
Subj . + didn’t + فعل مجرد+ complete sentence.
He didn’t play football yesterday .
Question : الســـؤال
. لالستفهام به اما في حاله السؤال فسوف يستخدم الفعل المساعد
Did + subj + فعل مجرد+ complete sentence
-Did he play football yesterday ?
Yes , he did .
No , he didn’t .
- Did you go London last year ?
- Yes , I did .
- No , I didn’t .
…………………………………………………………
Verb to be أفعال الكينونه
Be →am , is ….past …was → he , she , it .
→are ….. past ....were → I , you , we , they .
…………………………………………………………….
2- The past continuous الماضي المستمر
Subj . + was , were + v. ing + complete sentence
يدل زمن الماضي المستمر على استمراريه الحدث في وقت معين حدث في الماضي
When , while → ظروف الزمان لماضي المستمر
Ex :- He was staying in Iraq .
They were playing football
Negative : النفي
.Weren’t ….wasn't الى الفعل المساعدnotعند النفي نضع
1-He wasn’t staying in Iraq . 2- They weren’t playing football .
Question : نقدم الفعل المساعد بدايه الجمله ونضع عالمه االستفهام
1- Was he staying in Iraq ?
Questions : اســـــــــــــــئله
1- My friend and I ( read )to the exam . ( past )
2- Yesterday I was ( watch ) Tv . when rang me .
3- He ( sleeping – was sleeping ) when the mobile rang .
………………………………………………………..
3- Present Simple مضارع بسيط
We use this tense to express facts , recurring events ,or repeated actions
. نستخدم هذا الزمن للتعبير عن الحقائق او احداث متكررره او افعال متكرره
1- Affirmative :
الفاعل جمعI , they ,we , you + base V. + complete the sentence
الفاعل مفردshe , he , it + ( V+ S ) + Comp.
Ex : She goes to school every day .
Ex: I wake up at 7:00 o’clock .
Ex: We usually wear Jacket .
Ex: He always eats chocolate .
Ex : It sometimes rains in spring .
2- Negative : النفيnot = n’t
We use the auxiliary verb do and does with simple present .
ضمير الفاعل جمعS . + do +not + base V. + comp .
ضمير الفاعل ا لمفردS .+ does +not + does + base verb + comp .
1- Examples :- They don’t eat a sandwich .
2- He doesn’t go to the library .
3- She doesn’t buy a dress .
4- Question ? االستفهام او السؤال
نقدم الفعل المساعد على الفاعل في حاله السؤال ؟
Do + S. + base V. +comp .
Does + S . + base v . + comp.
ex :- Do you like eat chocolate ?
Yes , I do . No , I don’t
ex :- Does she go to the cinema ?
Yes , she does . No , she doesn’t
4-‘’Present perfect tense ‘’ زمن المضارع التام
Subj + has / have + p.p " " تصريف الثالث
Has …… he , she , it ** Have …..they , we , you
Ex : I have washed the car .
Negative ….. النفي Hasn’t , haven’t
- I haven’t washed the car .
Questions …… السؤال
-Have you washed the car ?
Questions : اسئــــــــــــــــله
1- Have you ever ( seen , saw ) a bird ?
2- Reem ( buys ) a new dress this week ? ( present perfect )
3- She has ( went – gone ) to the zoo .
4- He has travelled to Turkey .( Negative )
Giving Advice should يجب/ shouldn’t اليجب
-: تستخدم العطاء نصيحه لشخص ما
S. + Should / shouldn’t + base V. + comp.
Don’t / Never shouldn’t تدل على النفي عند رؤيتها في الجمله نضع
1- Don’t let children play with fire . { give advice }
- You shouldn’t play with fire .
2- Never cycle on the wrong side for the road . { giving advice }
- You shouldn’t cycle on the wrong side for the road .
3- eat health food .{ giving advice }
- You should eat healthy food .
4- wear a thick sweater .{ giving advice }
- You should wear a thick sweater .
5- How Often ? معناها عدد المرات او كم مره
-: لالجابه نستخدم التالي
1- Once لمره واحده
2- Twice مرتان
3- three times ثالث مرات
4- four times اربع مرات
5- every day كل يوم
1- Howoften do you go to the mall ?
- I go twice to the mall .
2-How often do you play football ?
- I play football three times .
3- Howoften do you eat chocolate ?
- I eat chocolate every day .
………………………………………………………………………
Want يريد/ / wants يريد
عندما يكون الفاعل مفرد نختارwants
want عندما يكون الفاعل جمع نختار
{ S. + want / wants + you , me ,us + comp. }
1-My friend wants ........... to help him in the garden . { me ,you ,I }
2- Our teacher ..........to work harder.{wants us / want us }
3-The doctor ............you to see him tomorrow . {wants/want}
………………………………………………………………………
8- Countable and Un countable nouns :-
االسماء المعدوده واالسماء الغير معدوده
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
Pen , sweet , man , egg . Cheese , salt , meat ,sugar , bread
chocolate bar . biscuit , fruit .
tea اليعد/ cup of tea يعد / water اليعد/ bottle of water يعد
-TOO many :- ياتي بعدها اسم معدود عدد كبير
-A Few :- عدد قليل ياتي بعدها اسم معدود
- A little :- كميه قليله ياتي بعدها اسم غير معدود
-Too much :- ياتي بعدها اسم غير معدود كميه كبيره
1- A --------- sugar is all right for your health { a little , a few }
1- There are { many , much } fruit on the table .
The Adverbs Of Manner ظـروف الـحال
. ( الى نهايه الكلمه لتصبح ظرفly ) نضع
) ( ) نضيف ( *الصفه المنتهيه ب ( ) تقلب الى
Noisy ….noisily *** angry …. Angrily *** happy … happily
. ) فقط ( *هناك صفات يضاف لها
Sad … sadly *** bad …badly *** beautiful …beautifully ***nice..nicely
) ( *هناك صفات شاذه اي اليضاف لها
Good – better *** fast – fast
******************************************************************
Notes : مالحظات
/t/ ( p, k , sh , ch , f , s ) /ت/ صوت (ت) واذا كان قبله هذه الحروف يلفظ
Wash – washed **** cook – cooked
/id/ ( D ) OR ( T ) اذا سبقها حرف/اد/ صوت
Visit –visited *** end –ended ** paint – painted *** water –watered
/d/ 2و1 اذا سبقها حروف العله او بقيه الحروف الصحيحه ماعدا حروف في رقم/د/ يلفظ الصوت
Cry – cried ** play –played ** live –lived ** study – studied
Huda put the glass down carefully Because she did not want to break it
Faisal did the test easily and got good marks .
Amal sang quietly because the baby was sleeping .
Father shouted angrily When he saw the broken window .
very , very for emphasis للتأكيد
. جدا وتستخدم للتاكيد او التشديد على شي ما وياتي بعدها صفه, وتعني جداvery ,very
-: وقاعدتها
S . + am,is,are + very,very +adj.+comp.
Example:-
1- I’m very ,very tired .
2- she is very , very tall .
3- Ahmed is very , very clever .
-: طريقه سؤال االمتحان
1- Ali is angry . { use : very ,very }
- Ali is very , very angry .
2- Sally is very lazy . [ emphasis ]
- Sally is very , very lazy .
3- These guys are hardworking . [ emphasis with very ]
- These guys are very , very hardworking .
Write a letters خطوات الرساله طريقه تعلم كتابه
. نكتب عنوان المرسل في الجهه اليمنى العليا من الرساله-1
. نكتب كلمه التحيه في بدايه الرساله اسم المرسل اليه-2
. نكتب كلمه الوداع نهايه الرساله-3
-: تقسم الرساله الى فقرات-4
المقدمه-1
موضوع الرساله-2
. طلب المبادله في الرساله-3
Q / Write a letter to your sick friend :
From : Ali 154,22,4
To : Ahmed karrada ,
Baghdad.
22 Nov 2022
Dear Ahmed ,
I ‘m very , very sorry to hear that you are sick . I have just
remembered what happened in the school last week , while we were studying
together in the school garden yesterday morning . Then you told me a joke a bout
the elephant and ant . It was a wonderful moment . I wish to get better soon .
Best wishes ,
Ali .
Story Time
Camping at Stonehenge
1- Where are the boys ?
- At Stonehenge
2- Which new characters are introduced ?
- Paolo from Italy , Marcus from USA and Aziz from Algeria .
3- What happened to Jad ?
- Johhny took aphoto of him while he was a sleep .
4- Why was Stonehenge built ?
-It was for astronomy . { To study the sky }
5- Some people think Stonehenge wasn’t built by humans . Who do
they think built it ?
- They thought it was built by Giants , or by Magic or by aliens
.
6- What makes Stonehenge surprising ?
- people built it thought the stones are so big abd heavy .
7-How does Stonehenge make Johnny feel ?
- I t made him afraid .
8- Why is the group camping at Stonehenge ?
- To see the sunrise in the morning .
9- Why were Johnny and Aziz afraid of a sheep ?
-Because they thought it was an alien or a giant .
