Talha Shahab

Some Important Derivative

MathCity.org Some ImportantFor
Derivative
BSc or BS Level
Merging man and maths Available online @ http://www.mathcity.org, Version: 2.0

d d n d n n −1 d
• (c ) = 0 , where c is constant • ( x ) = nx n −1 • [ f ( x)] = n [ f ( x)] [ f ( x)]
dx dx dx dx
 d d d
 • dx sin x = cos x • tan x =sec 2 x • csc x =− csc x cot x
dx dx

 • d cos x =− sin x •
d
cot x =− csc2 x •
d
sec x = sec x tan x
 dx dx dx
 d −1 1 d 1 d 1
• dx Sin x = • Tan −1 x = • Sec −1 x =
 1 − x2 dx 1 + x2 dx x x2 −1

• d Cos −1 x = −1 •
d
Cot −1 x =
−1
•
d
Csc −1 x =
−1
 dx 1 − x2 dx 1 + x2 dx x x2 − 1
 d x x •
d
log a x =
1
• dx a = a ln a dx x ln a

• d e x = e x •
d
ln x =
1
 dx dx x
 d d d
• dx sinh x = cosh x • tanh x = sech 2 x • sech x =− sech x tanh x
dx dx

• d cosh x =sinh x •
d
coth x = − csch 2 x •
d
csch x =− csch x coth x
 dx dx dx
 d −1 1 d 1 d −1
• dx Sinh x = 2 • Tanh −1 x = • Sech −1 x =
 x +1 dx 1 − x2 dx x 1 − x2

• d Cosh −1 x = 1 d 1 d −1
• Coth −1 x = • Csch −1 x =
 dx x2 − 1 dx 1 − x2 dx x 1 + x2

Some Standard nth Derivative

n
d n  1  ( −1) n !a
n
dn m! m −n
(ax + b)m = a n ( ax + b ) if m ≥ n =
dx n  ax + b  (ax + b) n+1
• •
dx n
( m − n )!
dn (−1)n −1 ( n − 1) !a n d n ax
• [ ln( ax + b ) ] = • n
e = a n ea x
dx n (ax + b) n dx
dn  π dn  π
• n
sin(ax + b) = a n sin  ax + b + n .  • n
cos(ax + b) = a n cos  ax + b + n . 
dx  2 dx  2
n
d n ax  b
• n
e sin(bx + c) = (a + b ) e sin  bx + c + n tan −1 
2 2 2 ax

dx  a
n
 b
n
d ax
• n
e cos(bx + c) = (a 2 + b 2 ) 2 e a x cos  bx + c + n tan −1 
dx  a

Leibniz’s Theorem

dn
• n
(uv) = nC0 u ( n ) v + nC1 u ( n −1) v′+ nC2 u ( n −2) v′′ + … + n Cn −1 u ′v n−1 + nCn uv n
dx
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Talha Shahab
Some Important Integrals
MathCity.org Some Important Integrals
For BSc or BS Level
Merging man and maths Available online @ http://www.mathcity.org, Version: 2.0

xn +1
 c dx = cx , where c is constant  x dx =
n
• • , n ≠ −1 ,
n +1
ax dx
 e dx = e •  a dx = • 
x x x
• = ln | x |
ln a x
 sin x dx = − cos x •  sec x dx = tan x •  sec x tan x dx = sec x
2
•

•  cos x dx = sin x •  csc2 x dx = − cot x •  csc x cot x dx = − csc x

•  tan x dx = ln | sec x |= − ln | cos x | •  sec x dx = ln | sec x + tan x |

•  cot x dx = ln | sin x |= − ln | csc x | •  csc x dx = ln | csc x − cot x | = − ln | csc x + cot x |
dx −1 x −1 x
•  a 2 − x2 = sin a or − cos a •  sinh x dx = cosh x

dx 1 x 1 x
 a2 + x2 = a tan  cosh x dx = sinh x
−1
• or − cot −1 •
a a a
dx 1 x 1 x
•  = sec−1 or − csc−1 •  sech
2
x dx = tanh x
x x2 − a2 a a a a
dx x
•  = sinh −1 = ln( x + x 2 + a 2 ) •  csch
2
x dx = − coth x
a 2 + x2 a
dx x
•  = cosh −1 = ln( x + x 2 − a 2 ) •  sech x tanh x dx = − sech x
x2 − a2 a
dx 1 −1 x 1 a + a2 − x2
•  x a2 − x2 a
= − sech
a
= −
a
ln
x
•  csch x coth x dx = − coth x
dx 1 −1 x 1 a + a 2 + x2
•  x a2 + x2 a
= − csch
a
= −
a
ln
x
•  tanh x dx = ln | cosh x |
dx 1 a+x 1 x
•  2 2
= ln = tanh −1 if x 2 < a 2 •  coth x dx = ln | sinh x |
a −x 2 a a − x a a
dx 1 x−a 1 x
•  2 2
= ln = − coth −1 if x 2 > a 2
x −a 2 a x + a a a
x a 2 − x 2 a 2 −1  x 
•  a 2 − x2 dx =
2
+ sin  
2 a
x x2 + a2 a 2 x + x2 + a2
•  x 2 + a 2 dx =
2
+ ln
2 a

x x2 − a2 a2 x + x2 − a 2

2 2
• x − a dx = − ln
2 2 a

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Talha Shahab
Differentiation of Differentiation of Inverse
Trigonometric Functions Trigonometric Functions
1) 𝑑 𝑑 1) 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥 (𝑥) 𝑆𝑖𝑛 −1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

2) 𝑑 𝑑 2) 𝑑 −1 𝑑
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥 = −𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 (𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

3) 𝑑 𝑑 3) 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = 𝑆𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 (𝑥) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

4) 𝑑 𝑑 4) 𝑑 −1 𝑑
𝐶𝑜𝑡𝑥 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 (𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

5) 𝑑 𝑑 5) 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑥 = 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑥. 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 (𝑥) 𝑆𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2 − 1 𝑑𝑥

6) 𝑑 𝑑 6) 𝑑 −1 𝑑
𝐶𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥. 𝐶𝑜𝑡𝑥 (𝑥) (𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥) = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2 − 1 𝑑𝑥

Differentiation of Differentiation of Inverse

Hyperbolic Functions Hyperbolic Functions
1) 𝑑 𝑑 1) 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑆𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑥 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑥 (𝑥) 𝑆𝑖𝑛ℎ−1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

2) 𝑑 𝑑 2) 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑥 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑥 (𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ−1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 − 1 𝑑𝑥

3) 𝑑 𝑑 3) 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ𝑥 = 𝑆𝑒𝑐ℎ2 𝑥 (𝑥) 𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ−1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

4) 𝑑 𝑑 4) 𝑑 −1 𝑑
𝐶𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑥 = − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ2 𝑥 (𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑡ℎ−1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 − 1 𝑑𝑥

5) 𝑑 𝑑 5) 𝑑 −1 𝑑
𝑆𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑥 = − 𝑆𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑥. 𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ𝑥 (𝑥) 𝑆𝑒𝑐ℎ−1 𝑥 = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

6) 𝑑 𝑑 6) 𝑑 −1 𝑑
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑥 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑥. 𝑐𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑥 (𝑥) (𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ−1 𝑥) = (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2 + 1 𝑑𝑥

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Mansoor Tahir 0305 1360330
Talha Shahab Integration Formulas

1
1 sin (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ) 𝑑𝑥 = − cos 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 + C
𝑎
1
2 cos (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ) 𝑑𝑥 = sin 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 + C
𝑎
1 1
3 tan (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ) 𝑑𝑥 = − ln ⃒ cos 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ⃒ + C = ln ⃒ sec 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ⃒ + 𝐶
𝑎 𝑎
1
4 cot (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ln ⃒ sin 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ⃒ + C
𝑎
𝑥
5 cosec 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln ⃒ cosec 𝑥 − cot 𝑥 ⃒ + C = 𝑙𝑛 tan + C
2
𝜋 𝑥
6 sec 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln ⃒ sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥 ⃒ + C = 𝑙𝑛 tan + + C
4 2

1
7 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 +𝑏 𝑑𝑥 = × 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 +𝑏 + 𝐶
𝑎

1
8 𝑎 𝑏𝑥 +𝑐 𝑑𝑥 = × 𝑎 𝑏𝑥 +𝑐 + 𝐶
𝑏 ln 𝑎

𝑥 𝑎2 𝑥
9 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 + sinh−1
2 2 𝑎

𝑥 𝑎2 𝑥
10 𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 − cosh−1
2 2 𝑎

𝑥 𝑎2 𝑥
11 𝑎2 − 𝒙𝟐 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 2 − 𝒙𝟐 + sin−1
2 2 𝑎

1 𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2
12 𝑑𝑥 = sinh−1 + C = 𝑙𝑛 + C
𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎

1 𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑎2
13 𝑑𝑥 = cosh−1 + C = 𝑙𝑛 + C
𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎

1 1 𝑥
14 𝑑𝑥 = tan−1 + C
𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎

1 𝑥
15 𝑑𝑥 = sin−1 + C
𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑎 Visit: tshahab.blogspot.com for more.
16 1 = 1 𝑎+𝑥 + C
𝑑𝑥 𝑙𝑛
𝑎 − 𝑥2
2 2𝑎 𝑎−𝑥

17 1 = 1 𝑥−𝑎 + C
𝑑𝑥 𝑙𝑛
𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 2𝑎 𝑥+𝑎

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 Hyperbolic Formulas nth order derivatives
① 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥 = 1 𝑑𝑛 𝜋
② 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2𝑥 sin(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) = 𝑎𝑛 sin 𝑛 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑑𝑥 𝑛 2
𝑑𝑛 𝜋
Adding ① and ② cos(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) = 𝑎𝑛 cos 𝑛 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑑𝑥 𝑛 2
③ 2𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑥 = 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2𝑥 𝑑𝑛 𝑥
𝑎 = 𝑎 𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑎 𝑛
Subtracting ② from ① 𝑑𝑥 𝑛

2𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2𝑥 − 1 𝑑 𝑛 𝑎𝑥
④ 𝑒 = 𝑎𝑛 𝑒 𝑎𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑛

2 𝑑𝑛 1 𝑎𝑛 (−1)𝑛 𝑛!
1 1 1 𝜋 =
1− + − + … . = 𝑑𝑥 𝑛 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑛+1
22 32 42 12
𝑑 𝑛 𝑎𝑥 𝑛 𝑏
1 1 1 𝜋2 𝑒 sin(𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 2 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 sin(𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 + 𝑛 tan−1 )
1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + …. = 𝑑𝑥 𝑛 𝑎
2 3 4 6
𝑑 𝑛 𝑎𝑥 𝑛 𝑏
𝑛
𝑒 cos(𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 2 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 cos(𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 + 𝑛 tan−1 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑎
𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥3
𝑒𝑥 = 1 + + + + ....
1! 2! 3!
−1
1 −1
1 − 𝑧2 −1
1 −1
1 + 𝑧2
𝑥 2 3
𝑥 𝑥4
𝑥 5 tan 𝑧 = cos tanh 𝑧 = cosh
ln( 1 + 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 − + − + − …. 2 1 + 𝑧2 2 1 − 𝑧2
2 3 4 5
𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4 𝑥5
ln( 1 − 𝑥 ) = − 𝑥 − − − − − …. 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
2 3 4 5 = cos −1 +𝑐 ,𝑎 >𝑏
𝑎 + 𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥4 𝑥6 𝑥8
Cos x = 1 − + − + − …. 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
2! 4! 6! 8! = cosh−1 +𝑐 ,𝑎 <𝑏
𝑎 + 𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑏 2 − 𝑎2 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑥3 𝑥5 𝑥7 𝑥9
Sin x = 𝑥 − + − + − …. 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥
3! 5! 7! 9! = tan + 𝑐 ,𝑎 =𝑏
𝑎 + 𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑎 2

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 Fundamental Identities Triple Angle Identities Product into Sum or Difference
i sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1 sin 3θ = 3 sinθ − 4 sin3 θ 2 sin α cos β = sin α+ β + sin α− β
ii 1 + tan2 θ = sec 2 θ cos 3θ = 4 cos3 θ − 3 cos θ 2 cos α sin β = sin α+ β − sin α− β
2 2 3
iii 1 + cot θ = cosec θ 3tanθ − tan θ
tan 3θ = 2 cos α cos β = cos α+ β + cos α− β
1 − 3 tan2 θ
− 2 sin α sin β = cos α+ β − cos α− β
cos α+ β = cos α cos β − sin α sin β
cos α− β = cos α cos β + sin α sin β Double Angle Identities
sin α+ β = sin α cos β + cos α sin β sin 2 α = 2 sin α cos α
sin α− β = sin α cos β − cos α sin β
cos 2 α = cos 2 α − sin2 α
tan α + tan β
tan α+ β = cos 2 α = 2 cos2 α − 1 = 1 − 2 sin2 α
1 − tan α tan β
2 tan α
tan α − tan β tan 2 α =
tan α− β = 1 − tan2 α
1 + tan α tan β

Half Angle Identities

Sum or Difference into Product
θ
P+Q P−Q 1 + Cos θ = 2 cos 2
sin P + sin Q = 2 sin cos 2
2 2
θ
P+Q P−Q 1 − Cos θ = 2 sin2
sin P − sin Q = 2 cos sin 2
2 2
P+Q P−Q θ 1 − cos θ
Cos P + Cos Q = 2 cos cos tan = ±
2 2 2 1 + cosθ
P+Q P−Q
Cos P − Cos Q = − 2 sin sin
2 2
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