Please find below question.

1. How to Mail/Outlook configuration 2016 & kindly give the answer Full process.

open the mail and set the manually option

Your Name John Doe

Email Address [email protected]

Account Type IMAP or POP3

Incoming Mail Server imap.example.com or pop.example.com

Outgoing Mail Server smtp.example.com

User Name [email protected]

Password your email password

2. Difference between POP3 & IMAP

IMAP (Internet Message Access

Feature POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3)
Protocol)

Downloads emails to your device, then Emails stay on the server;

Email Storage
optionally deletes from the server. viewed/synced from any device.

No sync across devices. Email is only on Full sync across devices (phone,
Device Syncing
the device it was downloaded to. laptop, tablet, etc.).

Multi-device access and real-time

Access One-device oriented. Offline access only.
sync.

Supports folders and organization on

Folder Support Limited or no support for folders.
the server.

Server Storage Low, since emails are removed after Higher, as emails remain on the
Usage download. server.

Backup
Your responsibility (locally stored). Server handles backups (usually).
Responsibility

Offline Can also be available offline (if

Emails are available offline.
Availability configured).
 IMAP (Internet Message Access
Feature POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3)
Protocol)

Best for single-device users or limited Best for users with multiple devices
Use Case
server space. or remote access needs.

Common Ports Port 110 (non-SSL), Port 995 (SSL) Port 143 (non-SSL), Port 993 (SSL)

3. What is DNS & DHCP & kindly give the answer Full process.

Definition:

DNS is a system that translates domain names (like www.google.com) into IP addresses (like
142.250.190.78), which are required for locating and identifying computer services and devices on
the internet.

🧠 How DNS Works (Full Process):

1. User enters a domain in their browser (e.g., www.example.com).

2. The system checks local DNS cache (recent lookups stored temporarily).

3. If not found, it asks the DNS Resolver (usually your ISP’s DNS).

4. The resolver checks the Root DNS Server, which directs to:

o The TLD server (.com, .org, etc.).

o Then to the Authoritative Name Server for example.com.

5. The Authoritative Name Server returns the correct IP address (e.g., 192.0.2.1).

6. The browser uses the IP to connect to the web server and loads the website.

💡 Example:

pgsql

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User: www.microsoft.com

DNS Resolver → Root Server → .com TLD Server → microsoft.com Name Server → IP =
20.81.111.85

📡 What is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)?

✅ Definition:

DHCP is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and other network
configuration settings (subnet mask, gateway, DNS) to devices on a network.

🧠 How DHCP Works (Full Process):

1. Device boots up and sends a DHCP Discover broadcast to find a DHCP server.

2. DHCP Server receives the discover and replies with a DHCP Offer.

o This offer contains an available IP address and config details.

3. The device responds with a DHCP Request to accept the offer.

4. The server sends a DHCP Acknowledgment (ACK) confirming the lease.

5. The device configures itself with the assigned IP and settings.

6. After a certain lease time, the process repeats (renewal).

💡 Example:

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Device connects → DHCP Discover → DHCP Offer → DHCP Request → DHCP ACK

Assigned IP: 192.168.1.10

Subnet: 255.255.255.0

Gateway: 192.168.1.1

DNS: 8.8.8.8

🔄 DNS vs DHCP – Key Differences

Feature DNS DHCP

Purpose Resolves domain names to IP addresses Assigns IP addresses to devices automatically

Type Name resolution service IP management service

Works With Hostnames and domain names IP address, subnet, gateway, DNS

4. What is use bootable option in window 10

 Press the correct key to open the Boot Menu (varies by brand):

 F12 – Dell, Lenovo, Acer

 ESC / F9 – HP

 F8 / F10 / F11 – Others

Bootable Option in Windows 10 Is Used For

🔹 Installing/reinstalling Windows

🔹 Repairing Windows (Startup Repair, Reset)

🔹 Accessing tools to fix or manage your system

🔹 Virus removal and system cleaning

🔹 Disk partitioning and backup tools

7. How to reinstallation Operation system.

✅ What You Need:

 A backup of your files

 A USB drive (at least 8GB)

 Access to a second computer (optional)

🔧 Steps:

1. Backup Important Data:

o Save files to an external drive or cloud storage.

2. Create a Bootable USB (if needed):

o Download the [Windows Media Creation Tool]

(https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows10 or windows11).

o Use it to create a bootable USB with Windows.

3. Restart and Boot from USB:

o Plug in the USB.

o Restart your PC and enter BIOS (usually F2, F12, Del, or Esc).

o Set USB as the first boot device.

4. Install Windows:

o Choose language and region.

o Select “Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)” if doing a clean install.

 o Format the system drive (usually Drive 0 Partition 1).

o Install Windows.

5. Follow On-Screen Instructions:

o Complete setup, connect to the internet, and reinstall drivers and software.

6. How to join Workgroup & Domain.

🧰 Steps to Change Workgroup to Domain in Windows 11

✅ 1. Check Windows Edition

Make sure you’re using Windows 11 Pro, Education, or Enterprise:

 Press Windows + I → System → About

 Look for Edition under "Windows specifications"

If you're using Windows 11 Home, you can't join a domain unless you upgrade to Pro.

🔧 2. Open System Properties

 Press Windows + R, type sysdm.cpl, and press Enter

 Click the Computer Name tab

 Click the Change... button

🏢 3. Join the Domain

 In the Computer Name/Domain Changes window:

o Select Domain

o Enter the domain name (e.g., company.local)

o Click OK

👤 4. Enter Domain Credentials

 A prompt will appear asking for a username and password with permission to join the
domain.

 Enter the domain admin or authorized user credentials.

 If successful, you'll see a welcome message.

🔁 5. Restart Your Computer

 Click OK, then restart your PC to apply the changes.

🧾 Optional: Rename Your Computer

Before joining the domain, it's a good idea to give your PC a meaningful name in the same
Computer Name/Domain Changes window.

10. How will trouble shoot slow speed issue in Laptop.

Troubleshooting a slow laptop involves checking both software and hardware factors. Here’s a
step-by-step guide to help identify and fix the most common causes of slowness on a Windows
laptop.

🔍 Step-by-Step Troubleshooting for Slow Laptop

🧹 1. Check for Background Programs

 Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc to open Task Manager

 Go to the Processes tab

 Look for high CPU, Memory, or Disk usage

 End unnecessary programs (right-click → End Task)

🔧 2. Disable Startup Programs

 Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc → Go to Startup tab

 Disable programs you don't need at startup (e.g., Spotify, Adobe Updater)

🐛 3. Check for Malware/Viruses

 Run a full scan using Windows Security:

o Settings → Privacy & Security → Windows Security → Virus & Threat Protection

 Alternatively, use tools like Malwarebytes for deep scans

📦 4. Free Up Storage Space

  Delete temporary files:

o Settings → System → Storage → Turn on Storage Sense

o Or run Disk Cleanup: Press Windows + R, type cleanmgr

 Uninstall unused apps: Settings → Apps → Installed Apps

🔄 5. Update Your System

 Windows Updates: Settings → Windows Update → Check for updates

 Update drivers, especially for graphics and chipset, using:

o Device Manager or

o Manufacturer tools (e.g., HP Support Assistant, Dell Update)

6. Check for Disk Issues

 Open Command Prompt as Administrator

 Type: chkdsk /f /r → Press Enter → Press Y to schedule scan at next reboot

🧠 7. Check RAM Usage

 If memory usage is always high, consider:

o Closing browser tabs

o Upgrading RAM (8GB minimum for good performance)

💽 8. Check Hard Drive Type

 HDDs are much slower than SSDs. To check:

o Open Task Manager → Performance → Check under “Disk”

o If it's an HDD, consider upgrading to an SSD for a huge performance boost.

🌐 9. Check for Network-Related Slowness (if internet is slow)

 Restart router/modem

 Run speedtest.net

 Update network drivers

 Disable VPNs or proxies temporarily

🧰 10. Optional Tools

 Use MSConfig to limit background services:

o Press Windows + R, type msconfig, go to Services tab, check "Hide Microsoft

services", then disable unneeded ones

🚀 Final Tip: Consider a Fresh OS Install

If everything else fails, a clean reinstall of Windows can fix deep system issues and make your
laptop feel new.

11. If Laptop is not booting how will troubleshoot.

If a laptop is not booting, here’s a structured approach to troubleshoot the issue. You can follow
these steps in sequence:

🔌 1. Check Power Supply

 Ensure the power adapter is plugged in and the power outlet is working.

 Look for LED indicators on the charger and laptop.

 Try another compatible charger, if available.

 Battery check: Remove the battery (if removable) and try booting on AC power alone.

💡 2. Check for Signs of Power

 Fans spinning? Lights blinking? Keyboard backlight on?

o If no signs of power, it may be a power issue or a motherboard failure.

o Try a hard reset:

 Unplug power + battery.

 Hold power button for 15–30 seconds.

 Reconnect and try again.

3. Display Check

 Black screen but laptop is on?

o Connect an external monitor to rule out screen failure.

o Try adjusting brightness or shining a flashlight on the screen (to check for a dim
backlight).
 o Press Fn + Display toggle key (e.g., Fn + F4, Fn + F8) to switch displays.

🔄 4. BIOS/UEFI Access

 Try pressing F2, F10, DEL, or ESC at startup.

 If BIOS opens, the issue is likely with the operating system or hard drive.

 Check if the boot device is detected.

💾 5. Disconnect Peripherals

 Remove all USB drives, SD cards, printers, etc.

 Faulty external devices can interrupt boot.

6. Internal Hardware Checks

 If you're comfortable opening the laptop:

o Reseat the RAM.

o Disconnect and reconnect hard drive/SSD.

o Remove and test one RAM stick at a time if there are two.

💻 7. Boot from External Media

 Use a bootable USB (with Windows/Linux installer or recovery tool).

 If the system boots from USB:

o Run diagnostics (e.g., chkdsk, memory test).

o Check if internal drive is accessible.

❌ 8. Common Causes & Solutions

Symptom Possible Cause Suggested Fix

No power Dead battery/adapter Try another adapter or battery

Power but no display Display failure External monitor test

BIOS accessible but no

Corrupt OS or HDD Boot USB and repair/reinstall OS
OS

Look up beep code meaning (RAM, CPU, GPU

Beep codes Hardware issue
issue)
12. If Desktop is not powering on what step flop.

If a desktop computer is not powering on, follow these clear step-by-step troubleshooting steps to
identify and resolve the issue:

✅ 1. Check Power Source

 Ensure the power cable is securely plugged in to both the desktop and the wall outlet.

 Test the wall outlet using another device (like a phone charger or lamp).

 If using a power strip or UPS, make sure it’s turned on and functioning.

🔌 2. Inspect Power Supply (PSU)

 Make sure the power switch on the back of the PSU is set to | (ON).

 If the PSU has a voltage selector, confirm it’s set correctly for your region.

 Try a known-good power cable if available.

💨 3. Check for Basic Signs of Life

 When you press the power button, look for:

o Fans spinning?

o LED lights on motherboard or case?

o Any beep sounds?

 No signs of life could point to PSU, power button, or motherboard failure.

🧰 4. Do a Basic Hardware Reset

 Turn off and unplug the desktop.

 Hold the power button for 15–30 seconds to discharge residual power.

 Reconnect the power cable and try turning it on again.

🧠 5. Internal Component Check (requires opening the case)

 Disconnect power first.

 Reseat key components:

 o RAM sticks

o GPU (if present)

o Power connectors (24-pin ATX, 8-pin CPU)

 Check for:

o Loose cables

o Dust build-up

o Any burnt smell or damaged parts

🧪 6. Minimal Boot Test

Try starting with only essential components:

 Motherboard

 CPU + cooler

 1 stick of RAM

 PSU

Remove:

 GPU (if integrated graphics are available)

 HDD/SSD

 All USB devices

 Peripherals

If it powers on like this, add components back one at a time.

🔧 7. PSU Paperclip Test (to test power supply)

 Unplug PSU from motherboard.

 Short the green wire and any black wire on the 24-pin connector using a paperclip.

 If the PSU fan spins, the PSU likely works. If not, the PSU may be faulty.

🔊 8. Listen for Beep Codes

 If the motherboard has a built-in speaker:

o Beeps can indicate hardware errors (RAM, CPU, GPU).

o Check your motherboard manual for beep meanings.

💡 9. Swap/Test Components (if available)

 Try another:

o Power supply unit (PSU)

o RAM stick

o Motherboard (as last resort)

 Test your PSU in a different PC if possible.

⚠️10. Check for Physical Damage

 Look for:

o Burn marks

o Swollen or leaking capacitors

o Broken pins or connectors

Let me know what exactly happens when you press the power button — that can help pinpoint
where the failure is.

13. If there no display showing how will troubleshoot.

If there is no display on a computer monitor (desktop or laptop), but the system powers on (fans
spin, lights come on), follow this step-by-step troubleshooting guide:

✅ 1. Basic Display Checks

 Check Monitor Power:

o Make sure the monitor is plugged in and powered on.

o Check the monitor's power LED (usually blue, green, or amber).

 Check Display Cable:

o Ensure HDMI, VGA, DVI, or DisplayPort cables are firmly connected at both ends
(PC and monitor).

o Try a different cable if available.

💡 2. Monitor Input Source

 Use the monitor's input/source button to select the correct input (e.g., HDMI1, DP, VGA).
  If using a laptop with external monitor, use Fn + Display key (like Fn + F4, F8, or F5) to
toggle displays.

3. Test with Another Monitor or TV

 Connect the system to a different monitor or TV.

 If display works on another screen, the original monitor may be faulty.

🧠 4. Check for POST (Power-On Self-Test)

 When powered on:

o Do you hear a single beep? (Usually means successful POST)

o No beeps or multiple beeps might mean a RAM or GPU issue (see next steps).

🧪 5. Reseat or Replace Key Components

(Desktop – requires opening the case)

 Turn off and unplug the PC.

 Reseat the following:

o RAM sticks – Remove and insert them again, one at a time.

o Graphics card – Remove and reseat it if using a dedicated GPU.

o Monitor cable connections on the GPU (not the motherboard, if a GPU is installed).

🧯 6. Test Integrated Graphics

 If the system has both a dedicated GPU and onboard graphics:

o Remove the graphics card and connect the monitor to the motherboard’s video
output.

o If it works, the issue could be with the GPU.

🔧 7. Reset BIOS/CMOS

 Power off the PC.

 Remove the CMOS battery from the motherboard for 30 seconds, then put it back.

 Or use the Clear CMOS jumper (refer to motherboard manual).

 This resets display settings and may fix boot/display issues.

🔊 8. Listen for Beep/Error Codes

 If your PC has a built-in speaker:

o No beep: Could mean CPU or motherboard issue.

o Patterned beeps: Refer to your motherboard's manual (e.g., 3 beeps = RAM issue).

🧼 9. Inspect for Physical Damage

 Check for:

o Burnt smell

o Damaged cables or bent pins

o Swollen capacitors on the motherboard

⚠️10. Try Minimal Boot

 Boot the system with only essential components:

o 1 RAM stick

o Motherboard

o CPU + cooler

o Power Supply

o Keyboard (optional)

 No GPU, no hard drives, no USB devices.

 If you get display, add components back one at a time.

🔄 11. Try Booting from USB

 Use a bootable USB with Windows/Linux to see if the system displays anything during
boot.

❌ Still No Display?

Suspected Part Test or Replace

Monitor Test with another monitor

Cable Try another cable (HDMI/DP/VGA)

GPU Remove or replace/test

RAM Try one stick at a time

Suspected Part Test or Replace

Motherboard Visual check; try minimal boot

CPU Rarely fails, but possible

PSU Check voltages, fan spin, or swap

14. If there is power issue how will troubleshoot.

If a computer has a power issue (not turning on or showing inconsistent power), follow this
structured troubleshooting guide to isolate and resolve the problem:

✅ 1. Identify the Power Issue Type

Ask: What exactly is happening?

 No lights, no fan → Total power failure.

 Lights blink then turn off → Possible short or PSU issue.

 Fans spin, but no display → May still be power-related (partial failure).

🔌 2. Check External Power Source

 Ensure the power cable is properly connected to the wall and the device.

 Test the wall outlet with another device (e.g., lamp or phone charger).

 If using a power strip or UPS, make sure it’s working and turned on.

 Try plugging the system directly into a wall outlet.

🔋 3. Laptop-Specific: Check Battery and Adapter

 Try powering the laptop with AC adapter only (remove the battery if it's removable).

 Use a known-good charger if available.

 Check for charging LED on the laptop.

⚡ 4. Desktop-Specific: Test Power Supply (PSU)

 Make sure the PSU switch on the back is ON (|).

  Try the Paperclip Test:

1. Disconnect the PSU from all components.

2. Insert a paperclip between the green wire and any black wire on the 24-pin ATX
connector.

3. Turn on the PSU — if the fan doesn’t spin, PSU is likely faulty.

🧠 5. Check for Basic System Activity

 Do fans spin?

 Are any LED lights or keyboard backlights on?

 Any beep sounds from motherboard speaker?

o No signs at all? Likely PSU, power button, or motherboard failure.

o Some signs but no boot? Could be RAM, GPU, or other component.

🧰 6. Internal Hardware Check (for desktop)

 Turn off power and open the case.

 Reseat all power cables:

o 24-pin ATX motherboard

o 4/8-pin CPU power

o GPU power cables (if present)

 Reseat RAM and GPU.

 Look for:

o Burn marks

o Loose components

o Swollen capacitors

🔄 7. Clear CMOS

 Remove the CMOS battery for 30 seconds and reinstall.

 Or use the Clear CMOS jumper on the motherboard.

🧪 8. Try Minimal Boot

Boot the system with only essential components:

  Motherboard

 CPU + cooler

 1 RAM stick

 PSU

 Keyboard (optional)

Remove:

 GPU (if onboard graphics available)

 Drives, USB devices, extra RAM

🔁 9. Swap/Test Components

 Try a different PSU.

 Use known-good RAM or GPU (if needed).

 Test motherboard in another known-good setup if possible.

❌ 10. Check for Physical Damage

 Look for:

o Burnt smell or heat marks

o Bulging or leaking capacitors

o Damaged ports or sockets

⚠️If Power Button Is Suspected:

 On a desktop, try shorting the power switch pins on the motherboard with a screwdriver
to test if the power button is faulty.

🔚 Summary Table

Symptom Possible Cause Fix

No lights/fans PSU failure or dead outlet Test outlet, paperclip test PSU

Fans spin but no boot Faulty RAM, GPU, CPU, or motherboard Minimal boot test

Random shutdowns Overheating, failing PSU Clean system, replace PSU

Laptop won’t turn on Dead battery or adapter Test with adapter only
15. How will take the backup of PST file.

To take a backup of a PST file (used by Microsoft Outlook to store emails, calendar, contacts, etc.),
follow the steps below based on your system and Outlook version.

✅ What Is a PST File?

 A PST (Personal Storage Table) file is where Outlook stores your emails, contacts, calendar,
etc.

 File extension: .pst

 Usually stored locally on your computer.

1. Locate the PST File

Method A: From Outlook

1. Open Outlook.

2. Go to File → Account Settings → Account Settings.

3. Go to the Data Files tab.

4. Select the account and click Open File Location.

5. This opens the folder where the .pst file is stored.

Default PST File Locations:

 Outlook 2016/2019/365:

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C:\Users\<YourUsername>\Documents\Outlook Files\

 Older versions:

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C:\Users\<YourUsername>\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Outlook\

💾 2. Back Up the PST File

Method A: Manual Copy

1. Close Outlook to avoid file lock or corruption.

2. Go to the folder containing the .pst file.

3. Copy the file to your desired backup location:

 o External drive

o USB flash drive

o Network drive

o Cloud storage (OneDrive, Google Drive, etc.)

Method B: Use Backup Software

 You can use third-party tools or backup software (e.g., Acronis, EaseUS, Windows File
History) and include the PST file path in the backup set.

💼 3. Best Practices for PST Backup

 Always exit Outlook before copying the PST.

 Give the backup a clear filename with date, like OutlookBackup_2025-06-06.pst.

 Store a copy in multiple locations (e.g., local + cloud).

 If you use Outlook with Exchange, Office 365, or IMAP, your emails may be stored on the
server, and PST backup is only needed for archived folders or POP accounts.

🔄 Optional: Automate Backup

You can write a batch script or use Task Scheduler to copy the PST file periodically if you use local
storage frequently.

16. Domain joining.

✅ Domain Joining – Overview

Domain Joining is the process of connecting a computer (typically Windows) to a centralized

Windows Server domain controlled by Active Directory (AD). This allows for centralized user
management, policies, and security controls.

Steps to Join a Windows Computer to a Domain

📝 Requirements:

 You must have:

o A domain controller (Windows Server with AD).

o The domain name (e.g., corp.example.com).

o A domain user account with permissions to join devices.

 o Correct network configuration (DNS should point to the domain controller).

🔧 1. Configure Network Settings

Ensure the computer’s DNS server is set to the IP address of the domain controller.

Example:

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DNS Server: 192.168.1.10 (Domain Controller IP)

2. Open System Settings

 Right-click This PC or go to Settings > System > About.

 Click on Advanced system settings or Rename this PC (advanced).

🧾 3. Join the Domain

1. In the System Properties window:

o Click Change next to "To rename this computer or change its domain".

2. Select Domain, and enter your domain name (e.g., corp.example.com).

3. Click OK.

🔐 4. Enter Domain Credentials

 You'll be prompted to enter domain credentials with permission to join devices.

 Enter:

o Username: DomainAdmin or domain\username

o Password

🔁 5. Restart the Computer

 After a successful join, you’ll see a welcome message.

 Click OK, then Restart Now.

👤 6. Log in with Domain Account

 At the login screen, click Other user.

  Enter:

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Username: domain\username

Password: ********

Troubleshooting Domain Join Issues

Issue Possible Cause Solution

"Domain not found" DNS not pointing to DC Set correct DNS server IP

"Access denied" Wrong credentials Use domain admin account

Time out of sync System clock mismatch Sync time with domain controller

No network access Firewall or cabling Check physical connection and firewall settings

17. OS reinstallation.

🔄 Operating System (OS) Reinstallation – Step-by-Step Guide (Windows)

Reinstalling the OS can fix performance issues, malware infections, or system corruption. Here's
how to safely and correctly reinstall Windows (10 or 11).

✅ Before You Start

📁 1. Backup Important Data

 Documents, Downloads, Desktop files

 PST files (for Outlook)

 Software license keys

 Bookmarks and saved passwords

 External drive or cloud (OneDrive, Google Drive)

🔑 2. Gather Necessary Items

 Windows installation media (USB or ISO)

 Product key (if not embedded)

 Drivers (especially network drivers)

 Know your Windows edition (e.g., Home, Pro)

💻 Method 1: Reinstall Using USB (Clean Install)

Step 1: Create a Bootable USB

 Download the Windows Media Creation Tool:

https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows10
or
https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows11

 Plug in a USB (at least 8GB).

 Use the tool to create installation media.

🔄 Step 2: Boot from USB

1. Insert the USB and restart the PC.

2. Press Boot Menu key (e.g., F12, ESC, F9 depending on manufacturer).

3. Select the USB drive.

💽 Step 3: Begin Installation

1. Choose your language and click Install Now.

2. Enter your product key or click “I don’t have a product key” if it’s embedded.

3. Choose Custom: Install Windows only (advanced).

🧹 If doing a full wipe, delete all partitions except for unallocated space, then click Next.

🔁 Method 2: Reset or Reinstall from Inside Windows

Option A: Reset This PC (Windows 10/11)

1. Go to: Settings > System > Recovery

2. Click Reset this PC → Choose:

o Keep my files (apps removed)

o Remove everything (factory reset)

3. Follow the prompts.

Option B: Fresh Start (via ISO)

 Mount the Windows ISO in File Explorer and run setup.exe.

 Choose Upgrade this PC now and follow instructions.

✅ After Installation

🔄 Reinstall Drivers

 Connect to internet → Windows may auto-install most drivers.

  If not:

o Visit manufacturer’s website for chipset, graphics, and network drivers.

🔐 Activate Windows

 Go to Settings > System > Activation.

 Enter product key if needed.

🧰 Reinstall Software

 Install your applications: Office, browsers, security tools, etc.

⚠️Tips & Warnings

Tip Why it matters

Backup data first Reinstalling erases everything

Use correct edition License mismatch can cause activation issues

Use official tools Avoid third-party ISO/downloads

18. Network printer configuration

Network Printer Configuration – Step-by-Step Guide

Configuring a network printer allows multiple users to access the same printer over a LAN (Wi-Fi or
Ethernet). Here’s how to set up a network printer on Windows:

✅ Part 1: Prepare the Printer

1. Connect the Printer to the Network

 Wi-Fi printers: Use the printer's control panel to connect to your Wi-Fi network (enter SSID
and password).

 Ethernet printers: Plug the printer into the router or switch via LAN cable.

2. Check Printer’s IP Address

 Use the printer’s menu to print a network configuration page or check the IP address from
its settings.

 Example: 192.168.1.45
Part 2: Add Printer on Windows PC

🔧 Method 1: Add via IP Address

1. Go to Control Panel > Devices and Printers.

2. Click Add a printer.

3. Select “The printer that I want isn’t listed”.

4. Choose Add a printer using a TCP/IP address or hostname, click Next.

5. Enter:

o Device type: Autodetect

o Hostname or IP address: e.g., 192.168.1.45

6. Windows will detect and install the printer. If it asks for a driver:

o Select from list or browse to driver file (from printer manufacturer’s website).

🔍 Method 2: Search on the Network

1. Go to Settings > Devices > Printers & scanners.

2. Click Add a printer or scanner.

3. Wait for your network printer to appear.

4. Click on it and choose Add device.

💾 Part 3: Install Drivers (If Needed)

 If Windows doesn’t install automatically:

o Download drivers from the printer manufacturer’s website.

o During installation, choose Network Printer and enter the IP address when
prompted.

🧪 Part 4: Test the Printer

 Right-click the printer > Printer properties > Print Test Page

 Optionally set it as default printer.

🧩 Optional: Share a USB Printer Over Network

If the printer is connected to another computer via USB:

1. On the host computer:

 o Go to Control Panel > Devices and Printers.

o Right-click the printer > Printer properties > Sharing tab.

o Check “Share this printer”.

2. On another computer:

o Go to Add printer > Add a network, wireless or Bluetooth printer.

o Select the shared printer from the list.

Troubleshooting Tips

Issue Possible Cause Solution

Printer not found Wrong IP or network Ping the IP, check Wi-Fi/Ethernet connection

Driver not Windows couldn't auto-

Download and install from manufacturer’s site
installed detect

Check Windows Firewall, enable File & Printer

Printing fails Firewall or sharing issue
Sharing

19. troubleshooting(Laptop / Desktop) the issues.

🧰 General Troubleshooting Guide for Laptop / Desktop Issues

Troubleshooting a laptop or desktop involves identifying the root cause of the issue (hardware or
software) and resolving it step-by-step. Below is a structured troubleshooting guide that covers
common problems and how to resolve them.

🔍 1. System Not Powering On

✅ Checkpoints:

 Ensure power cable or adapter is connected.

 Test wall outlet or try a different one.

 Try another power adapter (for laptops).

 Perform a hard reset:

o Unplug power, remove battery (if removable).

o Hold power button for 15–30 seconds.

o Reconnect power and try to turn on.

💡 Possible Issues:

Problem Cause Solution

No lights or fan Dead PSU or battery Replace PSU/battery

Lights on, no display Display, RAM, or GPU fault External monitor, reseat RAM/GPU

2. No Display / Blank Screen

✅ Checkpoints:

 Check brightness (especially on laptops).

 Use external monitor to test display.

 Try Fn + Display key (e.g., Fn + F4) on laptops.

 Reseat or replace RAM and GPU (if desktop).

💡 Possible Issues:

Problem Cause Solution

No display RAM not seated Reinsert RAM sticks

Flickering screen Faulty cable/GPU Check cables or use onboard graphics

Laptop screen dead Faulty LCD or inverter External monitor test, replace panel

🔄 3. System Restarts or Shuts Down Randomly

✅ Checkpoints:

 Check for overheating (fans, dust buildup).

 View Event Viewer logs (eventvwr.msc).

 Run Windows Memory Diagnostic.

💡 Possible Issues:

Problem Cause Solution

Random shutdowns Overheating Clean fans, reapply thermal paste

Restart loop Faulty RAM or software issue Swap RAM, boot into Safe Mode

🐢 4. System Slow Performance

✅ Checkpoints:

 Check Task Manager for high CPU/disk usage.

  Disable startup programs.

 Scan for malware.

 Run chkdsk and sfc /scannow.

💡 Possible Issues:

Problem Cause Solution

Slow boot Too many startup apps Disable unnecessary apps

High disk usage Background services or bad sectors Disable Superfetch, check drive health

Sluggish apps Not enough RAM or malware Upgrade RAM, scan with antivirus

🔊 5. Audio Issues

✅ Checkpoints:

 Check if muted or low volume.

 Try another audio device.

 Check Device Manager > Sound.

 Update/reinstall drivers.

🌐 6. Network Connectivity Issues

✅ Checkpoints:

 Check if other devices connect.

 Reset router/modem.

 Run Windows Network Troubleshooter.

 ipconfig /release, ipconfig /renew in CMD.

7. Printer/Peripheral Not Working

✅ Checkpoints:

 Try different USB port or cable.

 Ensure correct drivers are installed.

 Check if device appears in Device Manager.

8. Boot/OS Issues
Symptom Cause Fix

Stuck on boot logo Corrupted OS Boot from USB, repair OS

“No Boot Device Found” Bad HDD/SSD or boot order Check BIOS settings, test/reseat drive

Blue Screen (BSOD) Driver/hardware failure Note error code, update drivers

🧪 9. General Hardware Tests

✅ Use Built-in Diagnostics:

 Dell: F12 > Diagnostics

 HP: F2 > System Diagnostics

 Lenovo: F10 or Enter > Diagnostics

🧩 10. Tools to Use for Troubleshooting

Tool Purpose

Task Manager (Ctrl+Shift+Esc) Resource monitoring

Event Viewer (eventvwr) View crash/error logs

Device Manager (devmgmt.msc) Driver/hardware check

MSConfig Startup and service control

CMD/PowerShell Advanced diagnostics

20. network troubleshooting.

Network troubleshooting is a systematic process to identify, diagnose, and resolve issues that
prevent or hinder network communication. It's a critical skill for anyone managing or using a
computer network.

Here's a general approach to network troubleshooting, often presented as a series of steps:

1. Identify the Problem:

 Gather information: What are the symptoms? (e.g., no internet, slow connection, specific
websites not loading, only one device affected, etc.)

 Scope: Is it affecting a single device, multiple devices, or the entire network?

 When did it start? Were any changes made recently (new hardware, software updates,
configuration changes)?
  Question users: What errors or difficulties are they experiencing?

2. Develop a Theory of Probable Cause: Based on the information gathered, formulate a

hypothesis about what might be causing the problem. Start with the simplest and most common
causes.

 Hardware issues: Unplugged cables, faulty router/modem/switch, damaged network card.

 Software issues: Driver problems, misconfigured network settings, firewall blocking

connections, malware.

 Configuration issues: Incorrect IP address, subnet mask, DNS settings, DHCP problems.

 Service provider issues: ISP outage.

 Bandwidth issues: Network congestion.

3. Test the Theory: Perform tests to confirm or deny your theory.

 Physical layer checks:

o Check cables: Ensure all network cables are securely plugged in and not damaged.

o Check lights on devices: Are the lights on your modem, router, and network card
indicating activity and connectivity?

o Reboot devices: Power cycle your modem, router, and computer. This often
resolves minor glitches.

 Basic connectivity checks (using command line tools):

o ipconfig (Windows) or ifconfig (Linux/macOS):

 Check your IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS servers.

 If your IP address starts with 169.254.x.x, it means your computer couldn't

get a valid IP from the DHCP server (often the router). Try ipconfig /release
then ipconfig /renew (Windows) or restart your network interface.

o ping:

 ping 127.0.0.1 (localhost): Tests your network adapter.

 ping [your router's IP address] (e.g., ping 192.168.1.1): Tests connectivity to

your router.

 ping 8.8.8.8 (Google's public DNS server): Tests internet connectivity

beyond your local network and DNS resolution.

 ping google.com: Tests DNS resolution (if you can ping 8.8.8.8 but not
google.com, it's likely a DNS issue).

o tracert (Windows) or traceroute (Linux/macOS):

 Shows the path your data takes to reach a destination, identifying where
the connection might be breaking or slowing down (e.g., tracert
google.com).
 o nslookup:

 Checks if your computer can resolve domain names to IP addresses (e.g.,

nslookup google.com). This helps diagnose DNS issues.

 Software checks:

o Disable firewall/antivirus temporarily: See if they are blocking the connection

(remember to re-enable them).

o Check network adapter drivers: Ensure they are up to date.

o Examine system logs: Look for error messages related to network connectivity.

4. Establish a Plan of Action: Once you've identified the probable cause, devise a plan to fix it. This
could be as simple as plugging in a cable or more complex, like reconfiguring network settings or
replacing hardware.

5. Implement the Solution: Execute your plan. Make changes carefully and one at a time, if
possible, to isolate the impact.

6. Verify Full System Functionality: After implementing the solution, thoroughly test the network
to ensure the problem is resolved and no new issues have been introduced.

 Re-run the tests from step 3.

 Confirm with users that their access has been restored.

7. Document the Process: Record the problem, the troubleshooting steps taken, the solution
implemented, and any relevant details. This documentation is invaluable for future
troubleshooting of similar issues.

Common Network Troubleshooting Scenarios:

 "No internet connection":

o Start with physical connections (modem, router, cables).

o Check lights on modem/router.

o Reboot modem/router.

o Use ipconfig/ifconfig to check IP address.

o ping your router, then an external IP (e.g., 8.8.8.8), then a website (e.g.,
google.com).

o Check with your ISP for outages.

 "Slow internet connection":

o Test bandwidth speed (using online speed tests).

o Check for high bandwidth usage (streaming, large downloads).

o Reboot router/modem.

o Check for Wi-Fi interference.

 o Consider upgrading your internet plan or network hardware.

 "Cannot access a specific website":

o Try accessing other websites.

o ping the website's domain name.

o nslookup the website's domain name.

o Clear your browser's cache and cookies.

o Try a different browser.

o Check your firewall/antivirus settings.

o It might be an issue with the website's server.

By following these systematic steps, you can effectively troubleshoot most network issues.

21. Where Static & Dynamic ID addresses are used.

IP addresses are fundamental to how devices communicate on a network, whether it's your home
network or the vast internet. The choice between a static IP address and a dynamic IP address
depends heavily on the specific needs and functions of the device or service.

Here's a breakdown of where each type is typically used:

Static IP Addresses

A static IP address is a permanent, unchanging IP address assigned to a device. Think of it like a

permanent street address for a house.

Where Static IP Addresses are Used:

 Servers (Web Servers, Email Servers, FTP Servers): This is one of the most common and
critical uses. If you're hosting a website, email server, or any other type of server, you need
a static IP address so that users can consistently find and connect to your service. Without
a static IP, your server's address would change periodically, making it impossible for others
to reliably access it.

 Remote Access (VPNs, Remote Desktop): For businesses with remote employees or users
who need to consistently access internal network resources (like files, applications, or
remote desktops) from outside the office, a static IP address for the gateway or VPN server
is crucial. It ensures a stable and predictable connection point.

 Networked Devices with Specific Functions:

o Network Printers: In an office environment, assigning a static IP to a network

printer makes it easy for all computers on the network to find and use it without
interruption.

o Security Cameras/CCTV Systems: For remote monitoring of security cameras, a

static IP allows you to consistently access the camera feeds from anywhere.
 o Network Attached Storage (NAS): If you're hosting a NAS device for file sharing and
want to access it remotely, a static IP provides reliable access.

o IoT Devices: Some Internet of Things (IoT) devices, especially those that need to be
consistently accessed or managed remotely, might benefit from static IPs.

 DNS Servers: DNS (Domain Name System) servers, which translate human-readable
domain names (like google.com) into IP addresses, require static IP addresses to function
reliably.

 Voice over IP (VoIP) Systems: While not always strictly necessary, static IPs can improve the
stability and quality of VoIP calls, especially for business-grade systems, by reducing
potential disruptions from IP changes.

 IP Whitelisting: For enhanced security, organizations often "whitelist" specific IP addresses,

allowing only those known and trusted IPs to access certain resources or services. A static
IP makes this easier to manage.

 Gaming Servers: If you're hosting a game server, a static IP ensures that other players can
always find and connect to your game.

Key Characteristic: Predictability and consistent accessibility.

Dynamic IP Addresses

A dynamic IP address is a temporary IP address that is automatically assigned to a device from a

pool of available addresses by a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server. These
addresses can change periodically (e.g., when you restart your router, your ISP changes its
assignments, or a lease expires). Think of it like borrowing a car from a rental agency – you get a
different one each time, but it still gets you where you need to go.

Where Dynamic IP Addresses are Used:

 Home Networks: This is the most common use case. Your Internet Service Provider (ISP)
typically assigns your home router a dynamic public IP address, and your router then
assigns dynamic private IP addresses to all the devices on your home network (computers,
smartphones, tablets, smart TVs, etc.). This is cost-effective for ISPs and simplifies network
management for the average user.

 Mobile Devices (Smartphones, Tablets): When you connect to cellular networks or public
Wi-Fi hotspots, your device is almost always assigned a dynamic IP address.

 Public Wi-Fi Hotspots: In places like coffee shops, airports, and hotels, devices connecting
to the Wi-Fi are given dynamic IPs. This allows efficient management of a large number of
transient users.

 General Web Browse and Streaming: For most everyday internet activities like Browse
websites, streaming videos, or checking social media, a dynamic IP address is perfectly
sufficient. The fact that your IP changes doesn't impact these activities because
communication is initiated from your device to the server.

 Casual Online Gaming: For most online gaming where you are connecting to a central game
server, a dynamic IP works fine. However, if you are hosting a peer-to-peer game or a
dedicated game server, a static IP is often preferred.
  Large Corporate Networks: Many large organizations use dynamic IP addresses for their
internal devices (workstations, laptops) within the local network. This simplifies
administration, as the DHCP server automatically handles IP assignment, reducing manual
configuration.

Key Characteristic: Flexibility, efficient use of IP address space, and ease of management for the
end-user (no manual configuration needed).

In summary, static IPs are chosen when a consistent, predictable address is paramount for
incoming connections or specific services. Dynamic IPs are the default for most consumer devices
and environments where frequent connections and disconnections occur, and direct incoming
access is less of a concern

22. What is differences between Static & Dynamic address.

The fundamental difference between Static and Dynamic IP addresses lies in their permanence and
how they are assigned. Understanding this distinction is crucial for network management and
troubleshooting.

Here's a breakdown of their key differences:

Static IP Address

A static IP address is a fixed, unchanging, and permanent numerical label assigned to a device on a
network. Once assigned, it remains the same unless it's manually changed.

Key Characteristics:

 Permanence: It doesn't change unless manually reconfigured.

 Assignment: Typically assigned manually by a network administrator or allocated by an

Internet Service Provider (ISP) for a fee.

 Predictability: The device's location on the network is always known by its IP address.

Advantages:

 Reliable for Hosting: Essential for servers (web servers, email servers, FTP servers) that
need to be consistently accessible by others on the internet.

 Easier Remote Access: Simplifies connecting to a device or network remotely (e.g., VPNs,
remote desktop, security cameras) because the address is always known.

 Consistent DNS Resolution: Useful for DNS servers, ensuring they can be found reliably.

 IP-Based Access Control: Easier to set up firewalls and access control lists (ACLs) that allow
or deny traffic based on specific IP addresses.

 Improved VoIP/Gaming Stability: Can lead to more stable connections for Voice over IP
(VoIP) and some online gaming scenarios, especially when hosting.

 Precise Geolocation: Easier to pinpoint the physical location of a device for services that
rely on it.
Disadvantages:

 Cost: ISPs often charge extra for static public IP addresses.

 Manual Configuration: Requires manual setup and management, which can be more
complex and prone to errors.

 Security Risk: Because the address is constant, it can be a more predictable target for
hackers. It's easier for malicious actors to identify and target if not properly secured.

 IP Address Conflicts: If not managed carefully, manually assigning static IPs can lead to
conflicts where two devices try to use the same IP address.

 Limited Availability (IPv4): Due to the finite nature of IPv4 addresses, static IPs are a less
efficient use of the address pool.

Dynamic IP Address

A dynamic IP address is a temporary numerical label automatically assigned to a device by a DHCP

(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server. These addresses are leased for a period and can
change when the lease expires, the device reconnects, or the network configuration changes.

Key Characteristics:

 Temporariness: The IP address can change over time.

 Assignment: Automatically assigned by a DHCP server (typically your router or ISP's

server).

 Flexibility: Allows for efficient reuse of IP addresses from a pool.

Advantages:

 Cost-Effective: Typically included with standard internet services and doesn't incur extra
costs.

 Automatic Configuration: No manual setup required, simplifying network management for

end-users.

 Efficient IP Address Usage: ISPs can reuse IP addresses from a pool, which is particularly
important with the limited supply of IPv4 addresses.

 Enhanced Privacy (Slightly): A changing IP address makes it slightly harder to track a user's
long-term online activity and location.

 Reduced Security Risk (Limited): The changing nature makes it a "moving target,"
potentially deterring some basic, untargeted scanning attempts by attackers.

Disadvantages:

 Inconsistent Remote Access: Difficult to reliably access a device from outside the local
network without knowing its current IP address (often mitigated by Dynamic DNS
services).

 Not Ideal for Hosting: Unsuitable for hosting services (like websites or email servers) that
need to be consistently reachable, as the IP address can change, breaking connections.
  Potential for Service Interruptions: If an IP address changes during an active connection
(less common, but possible), it can disrupt ongoing communication.

 Less Predictable for Firewalls: Can make it harder to configure IP-based firewall rules for
specific devices.

Summary Table

Feature Static IP Address Dynamic IP Address

Permanence Permanent; does not change Temporary; can change

Manually configured or assigned by

Assignment Automatically assigned by DHCP server
ISP

Cost Often costs extra Usually included with standard service

Setup Manual configuration required Automatic setup; no user configuration needed

Difficult; requires Dynamic DNS or other

Remote Access Excellent; easy to connect reliably
solutions

Hosting Ideal for hosting servers/services Not suitable for hosting services

Easier target if not properly

Security Slightly harder to track/target due to changes
secured

IP Reuse Less efficient use of IP addresses Efficient use of IP addresses from a pool

Businesses, servers, advanced Home users, mobile devices, general internet

Typical User
users Browse

Export to Sheets

23. Network configuration.

🌐 Network Configuration – Step-by-Step Guide (Windows)

Network configuration means setting up the computer's network settings to connect to a local
network (LAN) or the internet, using either Wi-Fi or Ethernet.

✅ 1. Types of Network Configuration

Type Used For

Automatic (DHCP) Most common; settings assigned by router

Manual (Static IP) Used in servers, printers, or special setups

Wi-Fi Configuration Wireless access to network

Type Used For

Ethernet Configuration Wired access to network

🖧 2. Basic Network Configuration (Automatic/DHCP)

On Windows:

1. Go to Control Panel > Network and Sharing Center

2. Click Change adapter settings

3. Right-click your active network (Wi-Fi or Ethernet) → Properties

4. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) → Properties

5. Choose:

o ✅ Obtain an IP address automatically

o ✅ Obtain DNS server address automatically

6. Click OK → Close

This uses DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) to automatically get IP, gateway, and DNS
from the router.

🧾 3. Manual IP Configuration (Static IP)

Steps:

1. Follow steps above to reach Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) properties.

2. Choose:

o Use the following IP address:

 IP address: 192.168.1.100 (example)

 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

 Default gateway: 192.168.1.1 (your router's IP)

o Use the following DNS server addresses:

 Preferred: 8.8.8.8 (Google DNS)

 Alternate: 8.8.4.4

3. Click OK and Close.

📶 4. Wi-Fi Network Configuration

To connect to Wi-Fi:

1. Click on the Wi-Fi icon in the taskbar.

2. Select the network name (SSID).

3. Click Connect, then enter the Wi-Fi password.

4. Choose Private network if it’s a home or office network.

📡 5. View Current Network Configuration

Use Command Prompt:

bash

CopyEdit

ipconfig /all

This shows:

 IP address

 Subnet mask

 Default gateway

 DNS servers

 MAC address

🔄 6. Reset Network Configuration (if needed)

To reset all network settings to default:

1. Go to Settings > Network & Internet > Status

2. Click Network reset

3. Restart your computer

Common Network Config Terms

Term Description

IP Address Unique ID for each device on the network

Subnet Mask Divides network and host addresses

Default Gateway IP address of the router

DNS Server Resolves domain names to IPs

MAC Address Unique physical address of a network adapter

Term Description

Would you like a Linux, macOS, or command-line version of network configuration steps as well?

24. Where is use of Fire wall

A firewall is a security system—hardware or software—that controls incoming and outgoing

network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

🔐 Main Uses of a Firewall:

✅ 1. Protects Against Unauthorized Access

 Blocks unauthorized users or attackers from accessing your private network.

 Acts as a barrier between a trusted network (like a company LAN) and untrusted networks
(like the internet).

✅ 2. Filters Network Traffic

 Allows or blocks specific traffic (e.g., block port 21 for FTP).

 Can control access based on:

o IP addresses

o Ports

o Protocols (TCP/UDP)

✅ 3. Prevents Malware & Intrusions

 Stops malicious traffic and certain types of viruses, worms, and Trojans before they reach
your system.

 Some firewalls have intrusion prevention systems (IPS).

✅ 4. Monitors and Logs Traffic

 Keeps logs of all connections—useful for network auditing and forensics.

 Helps detect suspicious behavior (e.g., port scanning, repeated login attempts).
✅ 5. Enforces Network Policies

 Helps implement access control policies, such as:

o Who can access internal servers or internet

o Time-based access

o App-level control (e.g., block torrent apps)

Where Firewalls Are Used:

Environment Use of Firewall

Home PCs/Laptops Built-in firewalls (like Windows Firewall) protect from online threats

Advanced firewalls manage traffic between internal departments and

Corporate Networks
internet

Servers/Data Centers Firewalls guard critical services and prevent external intrusion

Cloud Environments Virtual firewalls filter traffic to/from cloud-based services (e.g., AWS, Azure)

Routers Most home routers have a basic firewall to protect all connected devices

🔧 Types of Firewalls:

 Software Firewall – Installed on a device (e.g., Windows Defender Firewall).

 Hardware Firewall – A physical device between network and gateway (e.g., Cisco ASA,
Fortinet).

 Cloud/Virtual Firewall – Used in virtual environments or cloud infrastructure.

🚫 Example Firewall Rules:

 Block incoming connections on port 3389 (RDP)

 Allow outgoing HTTP/HTTPS traffic only

 Deny access from blacklisted IPs

Let me know if you'd like examples of how to configure a firewall on Windows or a router.

25. My Laptop is not connect to WIFI what process follow.

If your laptop is not connecting to Wi-Fi, follow this step-by-step troubleshooting guide to fix the
issue:

Step-by-Step Wi-Fi Troubleshooting

🔁 1. Restart Everything

 Restart your laptop.

 Restart the Wi-Fi router (power it off, wait 10 seconds, turn back on).

📶 2. Check Wi-Fi Is Turned On

 On your laptop:

o Press the Wi-Fi key (usually Fn + F2, F3, or a dedicated key).

o Make sure Airplane mode is OFF.

📡 3. Check for Available Networks

 Go to Settings > Network & Internet > Wi-Fi.

 Click Show Available Networks and try to connect.

🔐 4. Forget and Reconnect to Network

1. Go to: Settings > Network & Internet > Wi-Fi > Manage known networks

2. Select the problem network → Click Forget

3. Try reconnecting with the correct password

⚙️5. Run the Network Troubleshooter

 Go to: Settings > Network & Internet > Status

 Click Network Troubleshooter and follow instructions

📥 6. Update or Reinstall Wi-Fi Driver

1. Press Win + X → Device Manager

2. Expand Network adapters

3. Right-click your Wi-Fi adapter → Update driver

4. Or: Uninstall device → Restart the laptop (Windows will reinstall it)
🧪 7. Check with Another Network

 Try connecting your laptop to a different Wi-Fi network (mobile hotspot or neighbor’s).

o If it works, the issue is with your router.

o If it doesn’t, it’s likely a problem on your laptop.

🔧 8. Reset Network Settings (Windows)

1. Go to: Settings > Network & Internet > Status

2. Scroll down and click Network Reset

3. Restart the laptop

✅ Quick Checklist

Step Description

🔄 Restart devices Power cycle router and laptop

📶 Wi-Fi enabled? Ensure Wi-Fi is ON, airplane mode OFF

🔧 Driver issues Reinstall or update adapter in Device Manager

🌐 Router issue Try another device or different Wi-Fi

Windows issues Use troubleshooter or reset network

Would you like steps for Windows 11, or is this for a specific brand of laptop (HP, Dell, Lenovo,
etc.)?