EARTH'S NATURAL
DISASTERS
LESSON OUTCOMES
Students should be able Demonstrate knowledge Understand the impact
to identify and describe of safety measures and of natural disasters on
different types of preparedness for natural human lives and the
natural disasters. disasters. environment.
NATURAL DISASTERS
Natural disasters refer to extreme and catastrophic events caused by
natural processes or forces, resulting in significant damage,
destruction, and loss of life.
These events occur without human intervention and can have severe
impacts on the environment, infrastructure, and communities.
HURRICANE
A hurricane is a large, powerful, and
rotating storm system characterized by
strong winds and intense rainfall. It is a
tropical cyclone that forms over warm
ocean waters.
Hurricanes are known by different names
in different regions. For example, in the
Western Pacific, they are called typhoons,
while in the Indian Ocean, they are
referred to as cyclones.
WHAT TO DO?
Listen to local news and weather updates for information about the
hurricane's path, intensity, and any evacuation orders or warnings.
If authorities issue an evacuation order, follow it promptly. Prepare a "go bag"
with essential items and important documents to take with you.
Stay indoors and away from windows during the storm. Seek shelter in a small,
windowless interior room on the lowest level of your home.
Have emergency supplies ready, including non-perishable food, water,
flashlights, batteries, a first aid kit, and a battery-powered radio.
FLOOD
A flood is a natural disaster that occurs
when an area becomes inundated with an
excessive amount of water, typically due
to heavy rainfall, snowmelt, or the
overflow of rivers, lakes, or coastal areas.
Floods can be slow-developing, lasting for
days or even weeks, or they can be rapid
and intense, known as flash floods.
WHAT TO DO?
Move to higher ground if you are in a low-lying area or if floodwaters are
rising. Head to higher elevation where you can stay safe.
Have emergency supplies ready, including non-perishable food, water,
flashlights, batteries, a first aid kit, and a battery-powered radio.
Follow instructions and guidance provided by local authorities, including
evacuation routes or shelter locations.
Listen to local news and weather updates for information about the flood
situation, evacuation orders, and safety advisories.
EARTHQUAKE
An earthquake is a sudden and violent
shaking of the Earth's surface caused by
the movement of tectonic plates beneath
the Earth's crust.
It is a natural phenomenon resulting from
the release of accumulated stress along
fault lines. Earthquakes can occur along
plate boundaries, where tectonic plates
interact, or within the interior of tectonic
plates.
WHAT TO DO?
Be prepared for aftershocks and continue to follow the "Drop, Cover, and
Hold On" technique.
If you are indoors, stay there. Avoid running outside during the shaking, as
falling debris or broken glass may pose a risk.
Stay informed about the latest updates and information from local authorities
regarding the earthquake and potential aftershocks.
Keep away from potential hazards, such as tall furniture, bookshelves, or
cabinets that could topple over.
TSUNAMI
A tsunami is a series of ocean waves
triggered by a significant disturbance,
usually associated with underwater
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or
landslides.
Tsunamis can travel across vast distances
across the ocean and cause devastating
damage and loss of life when they reach
coastal areas.
WHAT TO DO?
Listen to local news, weather updates, and tsunami warnings issued by
authorities to stay informed about the situation.
If you are in a coastal area and authorities issue a tsunami warning or
evacuation order, leave immediately and move to higher ground or inland.
Move to higher ground as quickly as possible. Aim for a location that is at least
30 meters (100 feet) above sea level.
After reaching higher ground, continue to monitor local news, radio, or
emergency communication channels for updates.
TORNADO
A tornado is a violent and rapidly rotating
column of air that is in contact with both
the surface of the Earth and a
cumulonimbus cloud (thunderstorm
cloud).
Tornadoes are characterized by a funnel-
shaped cloud extending downward from
the thunderstorm, often accompanied by
a visible condensation funnel or debris
cloud.
WHAT TO DO?
Move to a small, windowless, and sturdy interior room on the lowest level of
your home, such as a basement or storm cellar.
Regularly practice tornado drills with your family or classmates to ensure
everyone knows what to do during a tornado.
Listen to local weather updates and warnings through a battery-powered
weather radio or smartphone app.
Cover your head and neck with your arms or a sturdy object to protect against
flying debris.
BEING READY IS OUR
SECRET POWER, GUIDING
US THROUGH TOUGH TIMES
WITH COURAGE.
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