Understanding Natural
Disasters
An overview of natural disasters, their impact on communities, and the
importance of preparedness.
Defining Natural Disasters
Extreme Events Widespread Damage Various Causes
Natural disasters are extreme events They can destroy homes, cities, and Weather-related (hurricanes,
that cause significant damage and loss. entire regions, leaving lasting tornadoes) or Earth-related
devastation. (earthquakes, volcanoes).
Understanding Earthquakes
Earth's Movement Richter Scale Japan, 2011
Earth's plates move suddenly, causing Measured on the Richter scale; higher Magnitude 9.0 quake led to a massive
ground shaking and destruction. numbers indicate stronger quakes. tsunami and nuclear disaster.
The Power of Tsunamis
Giant Waves High Speed
Caused by underwater Waves travel fast (up to 500
earthquakes, eruptions, or mph) and can reach over 100
landslides. feet high.
Coastal Flooding
Can flood entire coastal cities, washing away homes and lives.
Hurricanes and Typhoons
Powerful Storms Regional Names Coastal
Strong winds (over 74 Hurricanes (Atlantic)
Destruction
mph) and heavy rain, and typhoons (Pacific). Cause flooding,
causing immense landslides, and storm
destruction. surges that devastate
coastal areas.
The Destructive Force of
Tornadoes
Rotating Air
Rotating columns of air connecting the ground and clouds.
High Winds
Winds can exceed 300 mph, destroying everything in their
path.
Common Location
Most common in the United States, especially in Tornado Alley.
Understanding Volcanic
Eruptions
Magma Release
Magma (hot, liquid rock) escapes from underground, causing
eruptions.
Eruption Effects
Produce lava flows, ash clouds, and deadly gases.
3 Environmental Impact
Can destroy towns, change landscapes, and affect the weather.
Floods and Wildfires
Floods Wildfires Devastating Impact
Heavy rain or broken dams cause water Uncontrolled fires spread across forests Destroy homes, ecosystems, and displace
levels to rise and overwhelm areas. and grasslands. communities.
Staying Safe During Disasters
Earthquake
Drop, cover, hold; stay away from windows.
Tsunami
Move to higher ground immediately.
Hurricane
Secure your home and evacuate if necessary.
Conclusion & Preparedness
Natural disasters are powerful forces, but preparedness can save lives.
Stay informed, follow safety guidelines, and be prepared.
Scientists study disasters to help predict and reduce effects.
