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Tutorial 3

The document is a tutorial for MATH1013 University Mathematics II at The University of Hong Kong, containing problems related to complex numbers and their geometric interpretations in the Argand diagram. It includes tasks such as expanding complex expressions, rotating complex numbers, and solving equations involving complex numbers. Additionally, it explores the geometric meaning of various sets of points in the Argand diagram and provides additional problems for computation.

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9 views2 pages

Tutorial 3

The document is a tutorial for MATH1013 University Mathematics II at The University of Hong Kong, containing problems related to complex numbers and their geometric interpretations in the Argand diagram. It includes tasks such as expanding complex expressions, rotating complex numbers, and solving equations involving complex numbers. Additionally, it explores the geometric meaning of various sets of points in the Argand diagram and provides additional problems for computation.

Uploaded by

patrickyuangechen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

MATH1013 University Mathematics II


Tutorial 3

1. (a) Expand (cos θ + i sin θ)5 and express the answer in terms of cos θ and sin θ.
(b) Hence or otherwise, find a formula for cos 5θ in terms of cos θ.

2. (a) Suppose we rotate a nonzero complex number z about 0 in the Argand diagram by θ
radians in the anticlockwise direction. Show that the image is z cis θ.
(b) Let z and w be distinct complex numbers. If we rotate z about w in the Argand diagram
by θ radians in the anticlockwise direction, what is the resultant image?
(c) Let a, b, c be the complex numbers represented by the vertices of an equilateral triangle
in the Argand diagram. Prove that a + ωb + ω 2 c = 0, where ω is a cube root of unity.

3. In each of the following, describe the geometric meaning of the set of points in the Argand
diagram.

(a) the set of all z ∈ C such that ∣Re(z)∣ + ∣Im(z)∣ ⩽ 5


z−1 π
(b) the set of all z ∈ C such that arg =
i−1 3
(c) the set of all complex numbers of the form (1 + i)z where ∣z − 1 − i∣ = 1

4. (a) Show that every straight line in the Argand diagram can be represented by an equation
of the form az + bz + c = 0 where a, b, c are (complex) constants. (Hint: Let z1 and z2 be
two distinct points on the straight line. For every other point z on the line, the number
z − z1 must be a real multiple of z2 − z1 .)
(b) Let a, b, c be nonzero constant complex numbers. Is it true that az + bz + c = 0 always
represents a straight line in the Argand diagram?

Additional problems:

5. Compute each of the following.

(a) ei(2−i) cis (π − 2)


√
(b) ( 3 − i)100
rn − 1
(c) 1 + (1 + i) + (1 + i)2 + ⋯ + (1 + i)999 (Hint: 1 + r + r2 + ⋯ + rn−1 = for any r ≠ 1)
r−1
(d) ω n−1 + ω n−2 + ⋯ + 1 where ω is an nth root of unity different from 1

1
6. In each of the following, describe the geometric meaning of the set of points in the Argand
diagram.
2
(a) the set of all z ∈ C such that ∣z∣ ⩽ Re(z)
(b) the set of all z ∈ C such that ∣z − 1∣ = ∣z − 3 + 2i∣
π
(c) the set of all z ∈ C such that arg (iz) =
2
z−i
(d) the set of all z ∈ C such that Re ( )=0
z−1

1
7. Let a be a real number satisfying − √ < a < 0, and let z = a + i. In which quadrants do z 2
3
and z 3 lie?

8. Solve the equation z 5 + 32(z + 1)5 = 0 in complex number.

9. (a) Show that eiθ + e−iθ = 2 cos θ for any θ ∈ R.


(b) Using (a) or otherwise, find the values of a, b, c such that

cos5 θ = a cos 5θ + b cos 3θ + c cos θ.

10. Let A and B be two points on the unit circle ∣z∣ = 1 in the Argand diagram. Let C and D be
the midpoints of the minor arc and the major arc of AB on the unit circle. Denote by a, b, c, d
the complex numbers representing A, B, C, D respectively.

(a) Show that c2 = d2 = ab. (Hint: Use the polar form.)


√
1 1 1 3
(b) Suppose a = √ + √ i and b = − + i. Find c and d.
2 2 2 2

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