1.
Agricultural Applications: GIS can be used to create more effective and efficient farming
techniques. It can also analyze soil data and to determine: what are the best crop to plant?,
where they should go? how to maintain nutrition levels to best benefit crop to plant?. This could
increase food production in different parts of the world so the world food crisis could be
avoided.
2.Soil Mapping: Soil mapping provides resource information about an area. It helps in understanding soil
suitability for various land use activities. GIS Helps to identify soil types in an area and to delineate soil
boundaries. It is used for the identification and classification of soil.
3.GIS Applications in Geology: Geologists use GIS in a various applications. The GIS is used to study
geologic features, analyze soils and strata, assess seismic information, and or create three dimensional
(3D) displays of geographic features. GIS can be also used to analyze rock information characteristics and
identifying the best dam site location
4.Reservoir Site Selection: GIS is used to find a suitable site for the dam. GIS tries to find best location
that respect to natural hazards like earthquake and volcanic eruption. For the finding of dam site selection
the factors include economic factors, social considerations, engineering factors and environmental
problems. This all information are layered in the GIS
5.GIS in Mapping: Mapping is a central function of Geographic Information System, which provides a
visual interpretation of data. GIS store data in database and then represent it visually in a mapped format.
People from different professions use map to communicate. It is not necessary to be a skilled cartographer
to create maps.
.6.Urban Planning: GIS technology is used to analyze the urban growth and its direction of
expansion, and to find suitable sites for further urban development. In order to identify the
sites suitable for the urban growth, certain factors have to consider which is: land should have
proper accessibility, land should be more or less flat, land should be vacant or having low
usage value presently and it should have good supply of water.
7.Transportation Planning: GIS can be used in managing transportation and logistical
problems.. This will easily output the best route for the transportation based on the criteria
like flattest route, least damage to habitats and least disturbance from local people. GIS can
also help in monitoring rail systems and road conditions.
8.Determine land use/land cover changes: The role of GIS technology in land use and land cover
applications is that we can determine land use/land cover changes in the different areas. Also
it can detect and estimate the changes in the land use/ land cover pattern within time. It
enables to find out sudden changes in land use and land cover either by natural forces or by
other activities like deforestation.
9.Land Information System: GIS based land acquisition management system will provide
complete information about the land. It would help in assessment, payments for private land
with owner details,
tracking of land allotments and possessions identification and timely resolution of land
acquisition related issues.
10.Natural Resources Management: By the help of GIS technology the agricultural,
water and forest resources can be well maintain and manage. Foresters can easily monitor
forest condition. Agricultural land includes managing crop yield, monitoring crop rotation,
and more. Water is one of the most essential constituents of the environment. GIS is used
to analyze geographic distribution of water resources.
11.Deforestation: Nowadays forest area is decreasing every year, due to different activities.
GIS is used to indicate the degree of deforestation and vital causes for the deforestation
process. GIS is used to monitor deforestation.
12.Development of Public Infrastructure Facilities: GIS has many uses and advantages in
the field of facility management. GIS can be used by facility managers for space
management, visualization and planning, emergency and disaster planning and response. It
can be used throughout the life cycle of a facility from deciding where to build to space
planning. Also it provides facilitate better planning and analysis.(Gulzara Mamazhakypova)
13.Geologic Mapping: GIS is an effective tool in geological mapping. It becomes easy for
surveyors to create 3D maps of any area with precise and desired scaling. The results
provide accurate measurements, which helps in several field where geological map is
required. This is cost effective and offers more accurate data, there by easing the scaling
process when studying geologic mapping.
16.Economic Development: It helps in site selection, suitability analysis, and for finding the
right sites to locate new business and grow existing ones. Within economic development, GIS
is used to support the emerging trend of economic gardening, a new way to foster local and
regional economic growth by existing small business in the community.
