K.L.N VIDYALAYA CBSE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL, MADURAI-9.
REUNIT TEST – 1 (2025 – 2026)
GRADE: XII CHEMISTRY (043) MARKS: 50
DATE: 28.05.2025 DURATION: 2HRS.
General Instructions:
Read the following instructions carefully.
(a) The Question paper contains five sections.
(b) Section A,B,C,D,E contains 10,4,6,1,2 questions.
(c) There are 23 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
(d) All the questions are compulsory.
(e) Use of log tables and calculators are strictly restricted.
SECTION – A
I Choose the correct answer: (8X1=8)
1. The magnetic nature of elements depends on the presence of unpaired electrons. Identify the
configuration of transition element, which shows highest magnetic moment.
(a) 3d7 (b) 3d5 (c) 3d8 (d) 3d2
Ans: The magnetic moment of an element is directly proportional to the number of unpaired
electrons. A 3d5 configuration has five unpaired electrons, which is the maximum possible in
the d-orbital. Therefore, 3d5 configuration will exhibit the highest magnetic moment among the
given options.
2. In which of the following pairs, both the ions are coloured in aqueous solutions?
[Atomic no of Sc = 21, Ti = 22, Ni = 28, Co = 27, Cu = 29]
(a) Sc3+, Ti (b) Sc3+, Co2+ (c) Ni2+, Cu+ (d) Ni2+, Ti3+
Ans: Color in transition metal ions: is typically due to the presence of unpaired d-electrons that can
absorb specific wavelengths of light, leading to the observation of color.
Ni2+: (Nickel) has 8 d-electrons in its electron configuration. The electronic configuration will have 2
unpaired electrons, making it colored.
Cu+: (Copper) also has unpaired d-electrons in its electronic configuration.
Sc3+: (Scandium) has no d-electrons and is colorless.
Ti3+: (Titanium) has one unpaired d-electron, making it colored.
Co2+: (Cobalt) has 3 unpaired d-electrons, making it colored.
3. KMnO4 is coloured due to:
a. d-d transitions b. charge transfer from ligand to metal
c. unpaired electrons in d orbital of Mn d. charge transfer from metal to ligand
Ans: Why other options are incorrect:
a. d-d transitions: In KMnO4, the manganese ion (Mn+7) has no d electrons in its outermost shell due to
its high oxidation state, so d-d transitions are not possible.
c. unpaired electrons in d orbital of Mn: As mentioned above, Mn+7 has no unpaired d electrons.
d. charge transfer from metal to ligand: This is the reverse of the correct process. In KMnO4, the color
arises from the transfer of electrons from the oxygen ligands (2p orbitals) to the empty d orbitals of the
manganese ion (3d orbitals). This is a ligand-to-metal charge transfer.
4. Which of the following are d-block elements but not regarded as transition elements?
(a) Cu, Ag, Au (b) Zn, Cd, Hg (c) Fe, Co, Ni (d) Ru, Rh, Pd
Ans: Transition elements are defined as those with partially filled d-orbitals in their common
oxidation states.
5. Transition elements form alloys easily because they have
(a) Same atomic number (b) Same electronic configuration
(c) Nearly same atomic size (d) None of the above.
Ans: When transition metals have similar atomic sizes, their atoms can easily substitute each
other within the crystal lattice, leading to the formation of a stable alloy.
6. Match the properties with the elements of 3d series:
(i) lowest enthalpy of atomisation (p) Sc
(ii) shows maximum number of oxidation states (q) Mn
(iii) transition metal that does not form coloured compounds (r) Zn
(s) Ti
(a) (i) (r), (ii) (q), (iii) (p) (b) (i) (r), (ii) (s), (iii) (p)
(c) (i) (p), (ii) (q), (iii) (r) (d) (i) (s), (ii) (r), (iii) (p)
Ans: Here's why:
(i) lowest enthalpy of atomisation: (r) Zn
Zinc (Zn) has the lowest enthalpy of atomisation in the 3d series because it has a completely
filled d orbital, resulting in weaker metallic bonds.
(ii) shows maximum number of oxidation states: (q) Mn
Manganese (Mn) exhibits the maximum number of oxidation states because it has the most
unpaired d electrons, allowing it to form compounds with various oxidation states.
(iii) transition metal that does not form coloured compounds: (p) Sc
Scandium (Sc) typically exists in the +3 oxidation state and has a filled d orbital (d⁰) resulting
in a colorless compound.
7. Which one of the following sets correctly represents the increase in the paramagnetic property of
the ions?
a. Ti 3+< Fe2+ < Cr3+ < Mn2+ b. Ti 3+< Mn2+< Fe2+ < Cr3+
2+ 2+ 3+ 3+
c. Mn < Fe < Cr < Ti d. Ti3+˂ Cr3+< Fe2+ < Mn2+.
Ans: Explanation:
Paramagnetic properties depend on the number of unpaired electrons in an ion. More unpaired
electrons mean a stronger magnetic moment and greater paramagnetism.
Ti3+: [Ar] 3d1 (1 unpaired electron)
Cr3+: [Ar] 3d3 (3 unpaired electrons)
Fe2+: [Ar] 3d6 (4 unpaired electrons)
Mn2+: [Ar] 3d5 (5 unpaired electrons)
Therefore, the order of increasing paramagnetic property is Ti3+ < Cr3+ < Fe2+ < Mn2+.
8.KMnO4 is not acidified by HCl instead of H2SO4 because:
(a) H2SO4 is stronger acid than HCl (b) HCl is oxidised to Cl2 by KMnO4
(c) H2SO4 is dibasic acid (d) rate of reaction is faster in presence of H2SO4
II Assertion and Reason questions: (2X1=2)
9. Given below are two statements labeled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion(A): Magnetic moment values of actinides are lesser than the theoretically predicted values.
Reason(R): Actinide elements are strongly paramagnetic.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(a) Both Aand R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans: The magnetic moment is less as the 5f electrons of actinides are less effectively shielded
which results in quenching of orbital contributions, they are strongly paramagnetic due to
presence of unpaired electrons.
10. Given below are two statements labeled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion(A): In the series Sc to Zn the enthalpy of atomisation of Zinc is the lowest.
Reason(R): Zinc has greater number of unpaired electrons
elect the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(a) Both Aand R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans: Assertion: True (the enthalpy of atomisation of zinc is indeed the lowest in the series
from Sc to Zn).
- Reason: False (zinc does not have a greater number of unpaired electrons; it has none).
SECTION – B
III Answer in very short: (4X2=8)
11. (A) Write the ionic equations for the reaction of acidified K2Cr2O7 with (i)H2S and (ii)FeSO4
OR
(B) Give reasons :
(i) Zn is not regarded as a transition element.
(ii) Cr2+ is a strong reducing agent.
12. What is Lanthanoid contraction? Give its cause. What are its Consequences?
13. Explain the following :
(a) The enthalpies of atomization of transition metals are quite high.
(b) The transition metals and many of their compounds act as good catalysts.
14. Complete the following chemical equations :
(i) MnO4 (aq) + S2O32- (aq) + H2O (1) →
(ii) Cr2O72- (aq) + Fe2+ (aq) + H+ (aq) →
SECTION – C
IV The following questions are short answer type. (6X3=18)
15. Account for the following:
a. The lowest oxide of transition metal is basic, and the highest is acidic.
b. Chromium is a hard metal while mercury is a liquid metal
c. The ionisation energy of elements of the 3d series does not vary much with increasing atomic
number.
16.A Explain the following observations.
(a) Mn Shows the highest oxidation state of +7 among 3d series elements.
(b) Mn Shows the highest oxidation state of +7 with oxygen but with fluorine it shows the
highest oxidation state of +4.
(c) MnO is basic while Mn2O7 is acidic in nature.
OR
B Explain giving a suitable reason for each of the following
(a) Metal –metal bonding is more frequent for the 4d & 5d series of transition metals than that
for the 3d series.
(b) Cu+ salts are colourless while Cu2+ salts are Coloured
(c) Mn2+ exhibits maximum Para magnetism
17. What are the transition elements? Write two characteristics of the transition elements.
18. Write similarities and differences between the chemistry of lanthanoids and that of
actinoids.
19. Describe the preparation of potassium permanganate. How does the acidified
permanganate solution react with oxalic acid? Write the ionic equations for the reactions.
20. When chromite ore FeCr2O4 is fused with NaOH in presence of air, a yellow coloured
compound (A) is obtained which on acidification with dilute sulphuric acid gives a compound (B).
Compound (B) on reaction with KC1 forms an orange coloured crystalline compound (C).
(i) Write the formulae of the compounds (A), (B) and (C).
(ii) Write one use of compound (C).
SECTION – D
V Case based questions (4X1=4)
21. The transition metals react with a number of non-metals like oxygen, nitrogen, Sulphur
and halogens to form binary compounds. The first series transition metal oxides are generally
formed from the reaction of metals with oxygen at high temperatures. These oxides dissolve
in acids and bases to form oxo metallic salts. Potassium dichromate and potassium
permanganate are common examples. Potassium dichromate is prepared from the chromite
ore by fusion with alkali in presence of air and acidifying the extract. Pyrolusite ore (MnO2)
is used for the preparation of potassium permanganate. Both the dichromate and the
permanganate ions are strong oxidising agents.
(a) What happens when Manganate ions (MnO42−) undergoes disproportionation reaction in
acidic medium? (1)
(b) Explain why the colour of KMnO4 disappears when oxalic acid is added to its solution in
acidic medium. (1)
(c) When an orange solution containing Cr2O72– ion is treated with an alkali, a yellow
solution is formed and when H+ ions are added to a yellow solution, an orange solution is
obtained.
Explain why does this happen? (2)
OR
A solution of KMnO4 on reduction yields either colourless solution or a brown precipitate or
a green solution depending on the pH of the solution.
What different stages of the reduction do these represent and how are they carried out?
SECTION - E
VI GIVE LONG ANSWER: (2X5=10)
22. Give Reasons for the following
(i) Ce4+ in aqueous solution is a good oxidising agent.
(ii) Actinoids contraction is greater from element to element than lanthanoid contraction.
(iii) The actinoids exhibit a larger number of oxidation states than the corresponding
lanthanoids.
(iv) La3+ and Lu3+do not show any colour in solutions.
(v) Chemistry of all the lanthanoids are quite similar.
OR
Assign reasons for the following (Answer any FIVE).
a) The enthalpies of atomisation of transition elements are high.
b) The transition metals and many of their compounds act as good catalysts.
c) From element to element, the actinoid contraction is greater than the lanthanoid contraction.
d) The Eº value for the Mn3+/Mn2+ couple is much more positive than that of Cr3+/Cr2+.
e) Scandium (Z = 21) does not exhibit variable oxidation states and yet it is regarded as a
transition element.
f) Ce4+ is used as an oxidising agent in volumetric analysis.
g) Zn2+ salts are white while Cu2+ salts are blue.
23. Attempt any five of the following:
(a) Which of the following ions will have a magnetic moment value of 1.73 BM.
Sc3+, Ti3+, Ti2+, Cu2+, Zn2+
(b) In order to protect iron from corrosion, which one will you prefer as a sacrificial electrode,
Ni or Zn? Why? (Given standard electrode potentials of Ni, Fe and Zn are -0.25 V, -0.44 V
and -0.76 V respectively.)
(c) The second ionization enthalpies of chromium and manganese are 1592 and 1509 kJ/mol
respectively. Explain the lower value of Mn.
(d) Give two similarities in the properties of Sc and Zn.
(e) What is actinoid contraction? What causes actinoid contraction?
(f) The transition metals and their compounds act as good catalysts. Give reason
(g) Write the ionic equation for reaction of KI with acidified KMnO4.
OR
Assign reasons for the following:
a) The enthalpies of atomization of transition elements are high.
b) The transition metals and many of their good catalysts. Compounds act as
c) E°M2+/M values are not regular for first-row transition metals (3d series).
d) Although ‘F’ is more electronegative than ‘O’, the highest Mn fluoride is MnF4, whereas
the highest oxide is Mn2O7
e) Sc3+ is colourless in an aqueous solution whereas Ti3+ is coloured.
ALL THE BEST!
