MULTIPLYING POLYNOMIALS BY MONOMIALS (THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY) ' BIG IDEAS: ° s * When a monomial is multiplied by terms in a set of brackets, multiply the - - monomial by every term inside the brackets ¢ ‘\+The process of multiplying each term in a set of brackets by an expression — wv outside of the brackets is called expanding or distri LEARNING GOALS AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT: You know you have met the goals for this lesson when you can: manomial ANCHOR ‘SKILL BUILDING LEARNING GOALS QUESTIONS QUESTIONS Distbue a constant though set of brackets wth wo tems 3 +] 2] 3 | doe g 2 z 5 @ & 2 i ‘ANCHOR SKILL BUILDING LEARNING GOALS QUESTIONS QUESTIONS ‘Apoly exponent aws to dstbute a moni tm witha an] 6 | 7] 8 gg | constant andor vail ough a at of brackets wth up to 4tgh 6,11 | tree tome and siny eros o | of | 2 @ | Solve reakworld problems involving the distibutive property a 1B & | andregreset he resus using simples expressions ANCHOR SKILL BUILDING LEARNING GOALS QUESTIONS QUESTIONS ‘Apply exponent aust dstbute@ manorial tm vohing « |] 6] 6 | 7 g | eteuntdtnccsonanntsarsers | 415 B | anc sili he resut w | | 2 | a 8 Bs | Se gee arg aomina pinnae e @ iiBUILD YOUR SKILLS 1. Explain why 2(+4) is equal to 2(3)+2(4) . 2. State the value that should be placed in each box. a) \(3+7)=5()+5(7) b) (18-3) = (-2)(18)- (-2)(3) ©) [ ](-+6)=8+86) & [ rx-9)=372)-30) ©) L]U+4)=r 44x Dy) 4 +8 3. Expand. a) 2x+6) —b) (x4) ©) A(m+2) @ -30-7) ©) 32x45) f) -SQa+9) — g) 6-243) hy) -3(-3p-2) 4, Expand. a) 2(x°+6x) —b) -3(x°+8x+5) —c) yy +9) a) -1(m+6) e) -Gx-7) ) 2xGx+4) ®) -3k(5k-6) hb) ~24(-1-4) 5. When asked to simplify the expression 8(3x+4) , Natasha stated, “I have to follow BEDMAS, so I must first add the terms in the brackets.” Explain why Natasha’s approach would not be effective here. 6. Expand and simplify. a) S(x-6) b) 4k -8) ©) 8(6+4b) d) -3(-2x-7) e) (Sp +8)(-3) f) x(Sx+4) 2) (-2x)(6x-7) —h) 2(-8z~7) i) -(4x° +9x-8) i) (7-10p)x4p k) -x(-8-6x) 1) -2x(x? +4x+6) 7. Expand, simplify and then evaluate for x=3 and y a) S(x+3)—b) 2y(y-7)— ee) G-a-3x)—d) -y(2y+3) ce) 4x(2y+3) Multiplying Polynomials by Monomials (The Distributive Property)8. An emergency roofing repair company charges $120 per visit plus $75 per hour. a) Determine an expression to represent the total cost of a repair visit that requires t hours of work. b) On weekends and holidays, the total cost is doubled, Determine a simplified expression for the total cost of a weekend repair visit that takes f hours. ¢) Use your expression from part (b) to determine the total cost of a weekend repair visit that required 1 hour and 30 minutes 9. State whether the two expressions are equivalent or not equivalent. a) 3(x°+4x) and 3x(x+4) b) -Sx(6x—5) and x(25-30x) ©) ~3r(2t+5)—4 and 3(21° +51) +4 d) 2(3a*+6a+1) and 6a(a+2)+1 10. Simplify. a) S(x+9)412e b) m+3(2m—4) ©) x+5-6(3x+2) d) 206+7)+3(x+4) ©) SQx+3)+(6x-4) — ) -6(2y +5) +3(Sy-D) 8) (x-4)3)—(2x+6) hy 2(5x +3) —4(x+3) i) —(S5m+8)—2(6m—7)+3(m—1) 11. Simplify. a) x(x+5)+2x(x—4) b) 2x(3x-4)—3x(5x+6) ©) —3a(2a+4)-2a(3-a) d) 2(3y? +4y—5)+4(y*-3y-41) ©) -5(2x*-8x+1)-3(-7x°+10x-12) —)3(x? +5x—3)+(7x+4)(2x) 12. The width of a rectangle is represented by the expression 3x+5. The rectangle’ length is three times its width, a) Determine a simplified expression for the length of the rectangle. b) Determine a simplified expression that represents the perimeter of the rectangle. Multiplying Polynomials by Monomials (The Distributive Property)13. A picture frame is constructed according to the 3x cm diagram on the right. {4 a) Determine a simplified expression for the ae area of the entire frame (picture and border) 'b) Determine a simplified expression for the y ie area of the picture. 4 eo g = ©) Determine a simplified expression for the area of the border. 14, Expand and simplify 1f3 1 1 2 ®) 33-4) ») £Ga+6) 2) -2(8m+6) 15. Simplify 1 2 5(1 1) 2 9) $(8~4)-2(6a+12) >) S(Leod)-2{ 16. Expand and simplify the expression 2[—3x(5x—8)]. 5 17. Use the distributive property of multiplication over addition to explain why as 18. Simplify. gy SE2 yy SETIZ a ASyn9VHIZ ga HOX 24x -16 2 2 3 x 2x 4x? + 12x? ~20. 6y* —8y! +2y*-10y? = +140 APHID A 20%) Sy =By'+2y? Toy? PTE 414 ax 2y —6r Multiplying Polynorrials by Monomials (The Distributive Property)19. An open-top box will be created by removing square corners from a rectangular piece of cardboard and then folding up the resulting flaps. The length of the original piece of cardboard is 80 cm. The width of the box will be three times the side length of the removed squares. 80 cm a) If the removed squares have a side Ingth of x em, determine a simplified expression to represent the area of the bottom of the box. b) Determine a simplified expression to represent the volume of the box. 20. Expand and simplify. a) 2[x+3Qx-4)] — b) -3[2Gy+5)-34y)] 0) —[6x(2x+5)—3x(x-3) +4(x+7)] 21. To muliply the binomial x+2 by the binomial x+3, we can use the distributive property several times, as shown below. (x+2)(x+3)=(x+2)(x)+(x+2)(3) Sx 42xt3xt6 Bx 45x46 a) Expand and simplify. i) (x45)(x44) ii) (2e43)(x41) iit) (x44)(x-2) iv) (8x—1)(2x-5) ) Can you think of a shortcut for multiplying two binomials? Explain. ©) Expand and simplify the expression 2(3y~4)(5-4y) 4) Expand and simplify the expression (n+2)(n? -Sn+3) 22, The following expression is expanded and simplified. Determine the result, (x=a)(x=b)(x=0)..0= 2) Multiplying Polynomials by Monomials (The Distributive Property)CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1, 2G+4) represents two groups of the sum of 3 and 4. That is, 2(3+4) is two groups of 7. Two groups of 7 is equal to two groups of 3 plus two groups of 4, or 2(3)+2(4) 2a5 2 8 dS x HA 3. a) 2xt12 b) 3x-12_ c) “AmB or —4m+(-8) d) —3y +21 or ~3y-(-21) ©) 6x+15 f) -10a—45 or -10a+(-45) g) 12x-18 or 12x+(-18) h) 9p+6 or 9p-(-6) 4. a) 20+12x bd) -Bx°=24x-15 or 3x7 +(-24)x+(-15) 0) y? +9 d) -m-6 or —m+(-6) ¢) -Sx+7 or -Sx-(-7) f) 6x +8. g) -1SK?+18K or -15K°-(-18)k hy 2° +8r or 2° (8) 5. The terms inside the brackets are not like terms and therefore cannot be combined. 6. a) 5x-30b) -36k +32 c) 326448 d) Gx+21 €) -15p—24 f) Sx*+4x g) -12x7+14x hh) -82°=7z_ i) ~Ax°-9x+8 j) 0p? +28p —k) 6x7 +8 2) -2x" 83° -12 7. a) Sx+15;30 b) 2y?-14y;36 c) 3x7-18x;-27 d) -2y?=3y 3-2 ©) 8xy+12x 5-12 8. a) 120+75t b) 240+150r c) $465 9, a) equivalent b) equivalent c) not equivalent d) not equivalent 10. a) 17x+45 —b) Tm=12—o) -17x-7 d) Sx+26 6) -4x-19 ff) 3y-33 g) x-18 h) 6x-6 i) am+3 IL. a) 3x°-3xb) -9x7=26x ¢) 4a? -18ad) 10y?—4y-6 —€) 11x? +10x+31 ) 178 +232-9 12. a) 9x+15b) 24x+40 13. a) 9x°+24x cm* b) 4x*+14x cmc) Sx*+10x cm? Multiplying Polynomials by Monomials (The Distributive Property)° — Sma 5.) 10») ta 9 22 1218 24° * 20 16. -30x° +48x 17. Dividing by 3 is equivalent to multiplying by i. Therefore, Tx+5_1 (1x45) 3.3 =HIMHO 17 xte 5 18. a) eed b) 4x-6 6) Sy?-3y+4 d) 17x40) 12x-8 ff) -x?7 3x45 1 By ay? + y-5 wy ha tp—t g) 3y'-4y* ty Err eh og 19. a) -6x°+240x cmb) —6x"+240x* cm? 20. a) 14x-24 b) 18y-30 c) -9x-43x-28 21. a) i) x°+9x4+20 ii) 2x°+5x+3 iii) x°+2x-8 iv) 6x? -17x45 b) One possibility is to multiply each term of the first binomial by each term of the second binomial and then collect like terms. ©) -24y?+62y—40 dd) n° -3n? = 7946 22.0 Multiplying Polynomials by Monomials (The Distributive Property)