: ~ MarusAu Scanned with CamScannerLearning Objectives At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: © express 2-digit numbers as sum of tens and ones. recognise odd and even numbers. say which number comes before, after or between. compare two 2-digit numbers and say which is greater. ding and descending order. arrange numbers it Recall—Tens and ones 9) SEB G | TE 10 ones make 1t na588 . 10 ones iten 12ones ——+ Itenand2ones —+ 10+2=12 c) 3tens and 5 ones d) 2tens and 6 ones GLEE EEE OOO ea EEREREEEEE) CEDEEEEEEE BEGGE BHG888 3 tens and 5 ones is 2 tens and 6 ones is 30+5=35 20+6=26 qa Scanned with CamScanner> Grouping numbers Exercise 1 Complete this using tens and ones to help. avs see _Lten and 3 ones b) § SLCC. \tenand8ones COC? ) 3 3° 2 tens and 5 ones 3 tens and 7 ones “4 2 4tens and lone f) SOUS j 5 tens and 0 ones vee 6 tens and 6 ones oo5 10+3 20+5 30+7 13 18 UU OOOUUU thirteen thirty-seven | Scanned with CamScanner— * The abacus tens ‘ones You can also show tens and ones on an abacus. Here is an abacus, Ithas a stick of tens and a stick of ones, Look at the pictures, t fe tee 1 bead in the stick of tens. 3 beads in the stick of ones, 1tenand3 ones ——. tens ones 2 beads in the stick of tens. 0 beads in the stick of ones. 2 tens and 0 ones —_+ tens ones 5 beads in the stick of tens. 9 beads in the stick of ones. 5 tens and 9 ones ——+ To the teacher: It is very important for children to work on an abacus. Let them depict various numbers on the abacus, and read the numbers too, This will help clarify their concept of tens and ones. Scanned with CamScannerExercise 2 1, Write the numbers shown in the abacus. os tens ones a) tens” ones b) tens ones « lls 0 Lo 4) tens ones ©) tens ones f) tens ones ; 47 28 63 a 2. Draw beads on the abacus to show the number. a) tens ones b) tens ones c) tens ones d) e) f) tens ones tens ones tens ones () (3) @) 1. How many tens are there in these numbers? Exercise 3 2tens GZZ(s) Scanned with CamScannero CHOO3 on [35] a) aaa WI C » [a2] ‘Vn “Ulm "lho CeOOEEEEE weeee (6} Cay ‘e- “Ws "| 2. Write these numbers as tens and ones. [a] a) 43 4 tens and 3 ones b) 25 c) 21 d) 36 e) 68 f) 42 g) 70 h) 92 i) 39 j) 88 k) 52 |) 66 a Scanned with CamScanner~ Place value Look at the numeral 9 on the abacus. The place value of 9 in 9 is 9 ones or 9. Now look at 35 on an abacus. We know that 35 is 3 tens and 5 ones. The 3 in 35 means 3 tens. The 5 in 35 means 5 ones. The place value of 3 in 35 is 3 tens or 30. The place value of 5 in 35 is 5 ones or 5. Exercise 4 1. Write the place value of: a) 4in this abacus ) 9in this abacus tens ones tens ones He Li 2. Write the place value of these digits in the number. tens ones tens ones c) 7in this abacus tens ones Ll Scanned with CamScanner» Odd and even numbers Children are trying to stand in pairs. These cannot be put into pairs. b 1 RR # 3 a OF 2@ 8 _ SE FR OF 2 02 22 OR ER Ae Numbers that cannot be put into pairs are called odd numbers. 1, 3,5, 7 and 9 are odd numbers. 13, 21, 45, 67 and 99 are also odd numbers. Anumber is odd if it has 1, 3, 5,7 or 9in its ones place. These can be put into pairs. Rt o% #2 4 RE ARO OF 2 OR ee © 03 e@ BR ee OF 0 Numbers that can be put into pairs are called even numbers. 2,4, 6, 8 and 10 are even numbers. 12, 26, 44, 50 and 78 are also even numbers. Anumberis even ifit has 0, 2, 4,6 or 8 in its ones place. ft) Scanned with CamScannerExercise § 1. Ring the objects in pairs. Write if the number of objects is odd or even 200000 ' @@e0@0 ©8290000009 2. Here are the numbers from 1 to 30. Ring the odd numbers in blue, Ring the even numbers in red. OO@O@ s 6 7 8 9 w lok 130 1456s 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3. Fillin the missing even numbers in order. ©? OOO«O*»*00 CIC 30 32 34 LJCICIC « 4. Fillin the missing odd numbers in order. 2 sf JJ0O«O000 sf J(JU00« «O00 Rs ~ Scanned with CamScanner+ Before, After, Between Look at the number strip. (9LALRT STATS ee Lw Ps ofa fafa iow 9 3.comes after 2 16 comes after 15 2 comes before 3 16 comes before 17 16 is between 15 and 17 Exercise 6 | aot 2. Before 3. Between a (ta a) { } 63 a 6 (| 27 ec i » [ ] 8 45 {| 47 | o « (_} ¢) ( ) 88 <) 30 C} 32 | owe (| 4) (} 18 ) 60 C} 62 | oa | °) Cj 32 °) 43 (_} 45 | ) 48 C) ) (} 2 f) 65 C) 67 | 2) 39 C ] a) Cj 40 g) 18 C ) 20 | n) 50 C) h) C ) 70 h) 78 C) 80 | i) 87 C ) i) () 91 i) 56 C } 58 4, Salma has read 60 pages of a book. The page she has to read next is 15. Harjit’s father is 52 years old. Last year he was( | year’s old. | | Scanned with CamScanner* Comparison of numbers Rule 1: A 2-digit number is bigger than a 1-digit number. an) To * Compare 25 and 8. 25 has two digits. 8 has one digit So, 25>8 > or 8<25 Rule 2: In 2-digit numbers, the number with the greater tens digit is greater. 1 Oo igs 220) + Compare 87 and 24, Both numbers have 2 digits. So, compare the tens digit. 2 1S > 2, therefore 87 > 24 or 24<87 Rule 3: In 2-digit numbers with the same tens digit, the number with greater ones digit is greater. + Compare 67 and 65. T 0 i Both number have two digits. Both numbers also have the same tens digit 6. > Therefore, compare the ones digit. 7>5, therefore 67 > 65 or 65<67 Exercise 7 Fill in the correct symbol > or < 2) (_}31 ») 33(_ 44g 24 J 64a) 22(_ J 68 e) 34(gu)p2t fideol(ia)ire — g)-42((Ta)ias" a5(_) 40 Te Vee IB ar 20(_ ) 29 m)10(_)1t no) 41( 14) 7565p) woja men Scanned with CamScanner+ Ascending and descending order 1, Ring the biggest number in blue and the smallest number in red. 13 i $1 86 ) 93 54 28 9 23 35 44 18 42 17 2. Rewrite the numbers, Start from the smallest and finish with the biggest. 30 45 we ey ( 63 28 79 55 This is called the ascending order of numbers. 3. Start from the biggest and finish with the smallest. 13) 42 55 B45 51) 12) c) 18 62 77 33 This is called the descending order of numbers. Exercise 8 1. Arrange in ascending order. e) 13, 31, 43 SSS, —_—r7 ») 40, 64,34, —_, ml c) 56, 19, 48, 63 __, __, —_, __ 2. Arrange in descending order. a) 86, 80, 18 So TL 340 an G93, 48 i Np Scanned with CamScanner1 N - Write the number that comes between. MATHLETICS A for concepts and calculation skills How many tens and ones in these numbers? Write the number and the number name tens ones tens ones = . - Fillin the correct symbol <, > or = 13 16 8) 78 68) B31 » Write the numbers that come before and after. f 50 89 __ b) Si co) 66 a 2) 81___ 83 b) 59___ 61 c) 70___ 72 d) 98 100 - Arrange the numbers in ascending and descending orders. Ascending order Descending order 2) 45, 54,90, 66 ©) 70, 80, 78, 87 . Mental Maths 2) Which number has 7 tens and6 ones? b) Which number has 9 tens and O ones? c) Is 63 greater than65?__ d) Which is the number just before 100? e) Which is the number between 58 and 60?__ men Scanned with CamScannerMATHLETICS B for higher skills Higher order thinking 1. Circle the correct number in each box. a) 32 b) c) 2. Write > or » a |) eo o a0 4 2 5 m8 aS + de el +02 +6 0 + 59) | } | 1 f) s) T O h) T O 5 2 3 32 1 +3 6 + 5 +101 + T ( | } } i) T j) 0 k) ) 5 6 0 5 0 4 + 2 + 0 ca att + | | } } | J m) n) 0 0) p) 7 1 3 3 32) co + 8 6 + 3 + Scanned with CamScanner~ Addition of three numbers Sometimes, you may have to add more than two numbers. Remember, the order in which you add does not matter. Example: 15 sweets, 32 sweets and 21 sweets make how many sweets? Step 1: Add the ones. T oO TTT 1 5 5 ones + 2ones + Lone =8 ones Sa + --— Write 8 in the ones column. + 2 Step 2: Add the tens. : 1 =—_ . 60) = Lten +3 tens + 2 tens =6 tens i Write 6 in the tens column. You have 6 tens and 8 ones. Answer: 68 Exercise 3: Add : b) f T O i 0 d a= o d 7 Oo = 2 wd 2 4 1 0 aw 2 0 101 ; +32. 7 oto ea 4 ae J I | | ‘ To 1 +o 8 to ” T 0 7 7° oro 303 _ 5 area Lo a! 2 + 4 #1 1 Ao 5 i) T O ) T O ky T Oo ) tT 04 1 7 7 gs 1 9 to z 15 15 + 4 Al + 2 3 +2 0 aay i Scanned with CamScannerExercise 4: Add Common mistakes! ) 24and 34 b) 42 and 47 4land8 «) 6and 72 Remember to write 41 +8 otas 41 S3,laand1 ff 13,34and12 as 41 andn +8 +8 12,21and35 | 20,12 and 56 Exercise 5: Story sums 25 1. There are 25 boys and 23 girls Papers . . i hildren jumber of girls in Class 3A. How many childre Peers entail are there in the class? 2. Deepa read 56 pages of a book yesterday. She read 33 pages today. How many pages did she read in the two days? 3. Ina bus there are 35 boys and 43 girls. How many children are there in the bus? 4, There are 52 chalk pieces in one box and 45 in another box. How many chalk pieces are there in all? 5. Ina garden there are 22 mango trees, 32 guava trees and 42 jamun trees. How many trees are therein allinthe garden? 6. A fruitseller has 3 baskets. There are 41 fruits in one basket, 34 fruits in the second basket and 23 fruits in the third basket. How many fruits does he have in all? 7. Ina box there are 33 blue pencils, 24 red pencils and 30 green pencils. How many pencils are there in the box? Scanned with CamScannerPoecenceno Coo Bee Thisis 65 — » SORERCCE EE) CEEEEEEEED From this you have to take away 34, that is 3 tens and 4 a coor coor 6-3 ” 6 You are left with 3 tens and 1 one= 31. So 65-34=31 You can do this in the short way as shown. Exercise 6: Subtract a) geETO hur cog ° d +7 of ot @ 4.4 5 6 3 7 4 0 2 8 -BP wm -Pebase -Sicae --3 om - Saag (2-3) [ } ) f } tT o 8 T yt o ) T a 3.9 5 9 6 3 7 8 5 -1 8 - 6 -2 2 -1 - 2.3 } Co } } { } Kot or "tT o T ° Tt 0 8 9 | 8 4 5 3 7 = 7 - 6 1 -3 1 - 1 5 6 Scanned with CamScannerP) To WM TO 7 TO YF TO HY T O 9 6 9 8 9 1 9 9 8 7 eee 8 Oe eee 7 bh) T mos b) T @Om ¢) OTERROm 4) GOR °) 7 8 6 8 § 7 9 0 -5 6 - 8) - (4 o2m - ie - i | } | Lt i 0 ) { J T 2 T Oo HT O i TO j) T O 8 0 9 io 5 5 4 8 -1 0 -2 - 1-3 2 - | } f } f } [ ] T ) T m) T n) T o. T O 9 9 8 3 8 - 9 -7 2 -7 1 - - i ( je } [ } [ } Exercise 8: Subtract ) 39-10 b) 42-30 Common mistakes! ) 99-71 d) 77-6 Remember to write 77 - 6 ) 65-10 f) 68-53 as 7 andnotas i’ ) 73-21 h) 98-37 — i Scanned with CamScannerApplying subtraction You can use subtraction to find the following. ets Susan had = 24 Number of swe sister = 12 1. How many left Example 1: Susan had 24 sweets. She number she gave to her : gave 12 sweets to her sister. How Number she has left = 24-1 Now work out the answer yourself many sweets are left with her? 2. How many more or how many less Number of students in 2A = 36 Example 2: There are 36 students in perf studentsin 28=32 class 2A, and 32 students in class 2B. Number of more students in 2A = 36-32 How many more students are there Now work out the answer yourself. in class 2A? 3. How many did not Number of students = 54 . Number of students who got A’ = 42 Example 3: 54 students appeared in Number of students who did not get A’ a test. 42 students got A’. How many = 54-42 Work out the answer yourself. students did not get A’? + Checking subtraction with addition Malini has 10 sweets. She gave 4 sweets to Salma. 10-4=6 Number of sweets left with Malini is: Number of sweets Malini and Salma together haveis: 6+4=10 You can see that, if 10- 4=6, then6+4=10 Addition and subtraction are related in this way. You can use it to check answers of subtraction sums by addition. Example: There are 45 students in a class. { Checkusing addition: 23 are girls. How many boys are there? | Number of boys 22 | Number of gi Number of students 45 erence 23 | Number of students _ 45 Since this is correct, the subtraction Number of girls -23 | answer is correct. Number of boys a2 Re. Scanned with CamScannerExercise 9: Story sums 1. A fruitseller had 46 bananas. He sold 24 of them. How many bananas are left with him? N » Rakesh bought 88 pencils for his birthday. He 44 Rave 48 pencils to his friends as return gifts How many pencils are left with him? . Class 2A has 47 students. Class 2B has 42 students. Which section has more students? How many more? w aotvel =| 4, On the Sports Day in school, 58 out of 79 ° children took part. How many did not Sig 2 take part? t 3 5. A farmer had 45 bags of rice in the godown. He sold EB 23 bags of rice. How many are left with him? 6. Akash bought 38 blue crayons and 24 green crayons. How many less green crayons did he buy? 7. Kamla read 26 pages of a story book in a day. The story book has 68 pages. How many more pages does Kamla have to read? 8. Ravi invited 36 friends to a party. Only 23 of them came. How many did not come? Scanned with CamScanner© Addition with regrouping Use number strips to add 58 and 27 ones ‘Ww This is 58 This is 27 When you add you get 15 ones or 7 ten and 1 ten and 5 ones ooo a This is the same as z Btens and 5ones=85 We can add in the short way as shown below. Step 1: Add the ones : 8 ones + 7 ones = 15 ones Te 3o =1ten+5 ones Write 5 in the ones column and carry 1 1 ten to the tens column. 5 8 + 2s - 1 Step 2: Now add the tens : 5 tens + 2 tens =7 tens Don’t forget to add the 1 ten you carried: 7tens+1ten=8 tens Answer: 85 Write 8 in the tens column. : a . Scanned with CamScannerExercise 10: Add To the teacher: Let the children first work out some of the addition sums using strips of tens and ones, and then on paper. a) fag oe b) t @ ¢) 1. d) T O 4 8 7 2 a 8 2 an ae ‘inn + 4 6 +5 ite Co) C)hCU CC le f) 8) h) 5 6 3°09 2 5 4 8 +2 7 + 2 6 +2 6 +3 7 } [ } I J i) k) ) 3. 8 3 9 5 6 3°04 +467 a +2 6 +2 6 | } il T O nT O o) Sito p) BT'6 3 oy 4 8 th +B + 4 wai + 5 + } } el a ) i) s) t) 2 5 2 8 5 6 3. .3 +5 5 +3 3 +3 8 +1 =$7 } yo } ) Scanned with CamScannerExercise 11: Add rr) m ‘) q) Scanned with CamScanner| exercise 12: Story sums Fare fees F | 1, Ina farm there are 24 cows and number of buffaloes +38 38 buffaloes. How many cattle are so, number ofcattle = “62 there in the farm? ers are sitting and 28 passengers are Ina bus 56 passen, . . ere in the bus? standing. How many passengers are thi nN 3. Ina dance competition 48 children took part from Class 2. and 39 children from Class 3. How many children took part in the competition? \4. A fruitseller has 44 apples and 37 bananas. How many fruits does he have in all? . Hari solved 18 sums in mathematics on the first day and 22 sums on the second day. How many sums did he solve in the two days? a 6. Sachin scored 29 runs in one cricket match and 52 runs in another match. How many runs did he score in the two matches? . Anu read a story book of 44 pages on Monday. She read another story book of 19 pages on Tuesday. How many pages in all did she read in the two days? . There are 16 blue pencils, 23 green pencils and 32 red pencils ina box. How many pencils are there in all in the box? @ — Scanned with CamScanner* Subtraction with regrouping Show 95 —— Use number strips to subtract 57 from 95. tens ones _ From this you have to take away 5 tens and 7 ones. But there are only 5 ones in 95. So change 1 ten in 95 to ones. Now you have 8 tens and 15 ones as shown here. You can now take away 5 tens and 7 ones. You are left with 3 tens and 8 ones = 38 So 95 - 57=38 i You can also do this in the short way. 2a Answer: 38 Step 1: Subtract the ones. You cannot take away 7 ones from 5 ones. So, change 1 ten to 10 ones. Now you have 15 ones. 15 ones - 7 ones = 8 ones. Write 8 in the ones column. Step 2: Subtract the tens. Now you have 8 tens. 8 tens - 5 tens =3 tens. Write 3 in the tens column. You have 3 tens and 8 ones left. Scanned with CamScannerExercise 13: Subtract a oo b) Oo :) REE d) a7 0 3 4 2 8 - 1°55 - Bi. ee -@ | } | } eed eg 0 f) 4 2 e 4 0 hh 5 0 aly -2 9 ey 28) - 3 6 ) 5 3 ) 3 1 302 y 7 2 - 3 8 - 9 -1 8 - 2 2 m T O ”) Eco °) iim o ?) mo ‘ 8 1 9 2 9 1 -—Be 9 - 6 6 -Wa 6 _- Bee 7 96 1 OO 7 2 ) 5 8 0d 5 - 1 6 - 2 7 - 2 3 -3 9 u) ho v) 741 w) 72 x) aa - 2 8 2s -2 9 -1 °7 Fi Scanned with CamScannerExercise 14: Subtract a a °C b) mo) c) 1 BO d) fe 0 oF i 4 2 i = - ~ ek 35, a) By | sere ne) ee) —| e) 3 f) 8) 7 4 hho g 3 | - - -5 9 -6 6 | | J } J } 5 9 4 j) 6 4 7 6 )) 2 | - 3 8 4G 3 S 4) y | } }] | ™) Sol 9) BBG o) Simro Pt of » ? 2 i, 4 6 i -es. 9 -Be 5 - Be: _ on ee ee ee | q) 6 4 r) 7 #7 _ 8 iG : - 2 8 -6 6 3 u) v) 7 2 3.3 w) 9 : x) -3 9 -2 8 5 4 -4 7 Scanned with CamScannerExercise 15: Story sums 1. Out of the 52 students in a class, Number of students 52 28 are girls. How many boys are Number of girls 28 there in the class? So, number of boys . 20 2. Ramesh bought 66 bananas from the market. 38 of them fell on the road and got spoilt. How many bananas are left with Ramesh? w . In the school hall there are 98 seats of which 69 seats are occupied. How many seats are vacant? 4. There are 73 apple trees and 66 plum trees in a farm. How many more apple trees are there than plum trees? Si 5. Bittu invited 53 friends to a party. 28 of them could not come. How many friends came to Bittu’s party. 6. My mathematics book has 80 pages and my science book has 64 pages. How many more pages does my mathematics book have than my science book? 7. An ice-cream seller sold 82 ice-creams on Monday and 66 on Tuesday. How many more ice-creams did rf he sell on Monday than Tuesday? 8. Ruby has 51 guests at her house but she only has ar) DS 42 bowls. How many more bowls does she need? Scanned with CamScannercs A MATHLET von skills for concepts and ealedlati® , . ition 1. Fillin the blanks using the properties of ad" ») If 544 45=99, then 45 + 54= b) 32441416 = 29, then 16 +32 + 41° 2. Add or subtract as required. d) 3 8 3 6 b) 5 9 2% 2 47 +4 2 _— +23 — | | peneene CU CO CO h) ". 69 ) 6 3 D ; Sim -3 6 i 3. Mina has 62 story books and Mamta has 48 story books. Who has less story books? How many less? 4. On her birthday Sabina bought a packet of 80 cookies. She distributed 36 cookies to her friends. How many cookies are left with her? [2] . Ina fruit garden there are 28 apple trees, 36 pear trees and 25 mango trees. How many fruit trees are there? 6. Mental Maths Adding 9 to a number is the same as adding 10 and then subtracting 1. To add 9 to 19, first add 10 to 19: 19+ 10 =29 Then subtract 1 from the answer: 29 - 1= 28 Similarly, to add 8, first add 10 and then subtract 2. 7. Work out the following using this method. b) 39+9=__c) 46+ 8= d) 25+8=__ a) 54+9= Ren Scanned with CamScannerMATHLETICS B for higher skills Higher order thinking fis 1, Fillin the blanks with a number, - sign or both to get the answer in Ca>_ | 2 Wi> the centre. 65 7 2. Think of a 2-digit number. Add 11 to it. Subtract 9 from it. Add 2 to it. Subtract 4 from it. What is the answer you get? Is it the same as the number you started with? Why? Cross-curricular 3. Noor has 20 teeth. When she grows up she will have 32 teeth. How many more teeth will she have on growing up? 4, Fun Activity Using any two of these numbers, we all made different totals. Mine was the Mine was the a3) smallest total. —____ largest total. ___ &." Mine had 4 in the Mine had 8 in the \24,, ones column, —__ tens column, ___ Mine was an What was my total? even number, —___ _ Hint: You can get 6 totals from the 4 given numbers, First find all 6 sums, and then fill in the blanks.) e . Scanned with CamScanner