Investigatory Project on DNA
Investigatory Project File on DNA
Submitted By:
Name: Jaya Mishra
Class: 12 (PCB)
Roll Number: ____________
School Name: ____________________
Academic Year: 2025-26
Investigatory Project on DNA
Certificate
This is to certify that Jaya Mishra of Class 12 (PCB) has successfully completed the investigatory project on
the topic "DNA" under my supervision. This project is submitted as part of the CBSE curriculum for the
academic year 2025-26.
(Signature of Subject Teacher) (Signature of Principal)
Investigatory Project on DNA
Investigatory Project on DNA
Acknowledgment
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my Biology teacher for guiding me throughout this project. I
also thank my school principal for providing me with the necessary facilities and my family for their constant
support and encouragement.
Investigatory Project on DNA
Introduction
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the hereditary material in all living organisms. It contains instructions that are
essential for the growth, development, reproduction, and functioning of organisms. The double-helix model of
DNA, proposed by Watson and Crick in 1953, revolutionized genetics and molecular biology.
Investigatory Project on DNA
Objective
To study the structure, function, and importance of DNA in living organisms.
Investigatory Project on DNA
Theory / Literature Review
DNA is made up of two strands forming a double helix. Each strand consists of nucleotides which are
composed of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base. The bases pair as A-T and G-C through hydrogen
bonds. DNA replication is semi-conservative. It plays a crucial role in protein synthesis through transcription
and translation.
Investigatory Project on DNA
Materials Required
- Ripe strawberries
- Salt
- Dish soap
- Water
- Coffee filter or muslin cloth
- Beaker or glass
- Rubbing alcohol (chilled)
Investigatory Project on DNA
Procedure
1. Mash the strawberries in a plastic bag.
2. Add salt and dish soap mixture to the strawberries.
3. Filter the mixture into a beaker.
4. Slowly add cold alcohol along the side of the beaker.
5. Observe the white DNA strands forming in the alcohol layer.
Investigatory Project on DNA
Observations
White, thread-like DNA fibers appear and float in the alcohol layer.
Investigatory Project on DNA
Conclusion
DNA can be extracted from living cells using simple materials. It is the genetic material that carries hereditary
information.
Investigatory Project on DNA
Applications of DNA Study
- Genetic engineering and cloning
- DNA fingerprinting in forensics
- Detection of genetic disorders
- Crop improvement in agriculture
- Development of mRNA-based vaccines
Investigatory Project on DNA
Bibliography
1. NCERT Class 12 Biology Textbook
2. www.khanacademy.org
3. www.cbseacademic.nic.in
4. Campbell Biology - Pearson
