FRONT & REAR SUSPENSION GI

SECTION SU MA

EM

LC

EC

CONTENTS FE

FRONT SUSPENSION ....................................................2 WHEELARCH HEIGHT (UNLADEN*) .........................16

CL
Precautions ..................................................................2 WHEEL RUNOUT ....................................................16
PRECAUTIONS .........................................................2 REAR SUSPENSION.....................................................17 MT
Preparation ..................................................................2 Precautions ................................................................17
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS ........................................2 PRECAUTIONS .......................................................17
COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS ................................2 Preparation ................................................................17 AT
Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS ..............................17
Troubleshooting ...........................................................4 Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)
NVH TROUBLESHOOTING CHART ............................4 Troubleshooting .........................................................17 AX
Components.................................................................5 Components...............................................................18
On-vehicle Service.......................................................6 On-vehicle Service.....................................................19
FRONT SUSPENSION PARTS ...................................6 REAR SUSPENSION PARTS ...................................19
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT .....................................6 REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT .....................................19
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber ...............................10 Removal and Installation ...........................................22
COMPONENTS .......................................................10 REMOVAL ...............................................................23
BR
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ...............................11 INSTALLATION........................................................23
DISASSEMBLY ........................................................11 Coil Spring and Shock Absorber ...............................24 ST
INSPECTION ...........................................................11 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ...............................24
ASSEMBLY .............................................................12 DISASSEMBLY ........................................................24
Stabilizer Bar .............................................................12 INSPECTION ...........................................................24 RS
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ...............................12 ASSEMBLY .............................................................25
Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint .......................13 Torsion Beam, Lateral Link and Control Rod ............25
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ...............................13 DISASSEMBLY ........................................................25 BT
INSPECTION ...........................................................14 INSPECTION ...........................................................25
Service Data and Specifications (SDS).....................14 ASSEMBLY .............................................................26
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS (FRONT) .....................14 Service Data and Specifications (SDS).....................27 HA
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT (UNLADEN*1) .............15 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS (REAR) .......................27
LOWER BALL JOINT ...............................................15 REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT (UNLADEN*) .................27
SC

EL

IDX
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Precautions

Precautions
PRECAUTIONS NFSU0001
I When installing rubber parts, final tightening must be car-
ried out under unladen condition* with tires on ground.
Oil will shorten the life of rubber bushes. Be sure to wipe
off any spilled oil.
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
I After installing removed suspension parts, check wheel
alignment and adjust if necessary.
SBR686C I Use flare nut wrench when removing or installing brake
tubes.
I Always torque brake lines when installing.
I Lock nuts are unreusable parts; always use new ones.
When replacing, do not wipe the oil off the new lock nut
before tightening.

Preparation
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS NFSU0002

Tool number
Description
Tool name

HT72520000 Removing tie-rod outer end and lower ball joint

Ball joint remover

NT146

COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS NFSU0003

Tool name Description

Attachment Wheel align- Measure wheel alignment

ment a: Screw M24 x 1.5 pitch
b: 35 mm (1.38 in) dia.
c: 65 mm (2.56 in) dia.
d: 56 mm (2.20 in)
e: 12 mm (0.47 in)

NT148

Equivalent to Removing and installing each brake piping

GG94310000 a: 10 mm (0.39 in)
1 Flare nut crowfoot
2 Torque wrench

NT360

SU-2
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Preparation (Cont’d)

Tool name Description

Spring compressor Removing and installing coil spring GI

MA

NT717
EM

LC

EC

FE

CL

MT

AT

AX

BR

ST

RS

BT

HA

SC

EL

IDX

SU-3
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Troubleshooting

Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)

Troubleshooting =NFSU0004
NVH TROUBLESHOOTING CHART NFSU0004S01
Use the chart below to help you find the cause of the symptom. If necessary, repair or replace these parts.

SU-10, 22
SU-11, 24
SU-5, 18

SU-12
SU-6

SU-6

AX-3

AX-3

BR-6
—

ST-5
Reference page

Bushing or mounting deterioration

Improper installation, looseness
Shock absorber deformation,

Incorrect wheel alignment

Deformation or damage
Suspension looseness

Incorrect air pressure

damage or deflection

Stabilizer bar fatigue

Possible Cause
and SUSPECTED
Parts interference

Incorrect tire size

Uneven tire wear

ROAD WHEEL
PARTS

DRIVE SHAFT

SUSPENSION
Non-uniformity
Spring fatigue

Out-of-round

STEERING
Imbalance

BRAKES
TIRES
AXLE
Noise × × × × × × × × × × × ×

Shake × × × × × × × × × × ×
SUSPENSION

Vibration × × × × × × × × ×

Shimmy × × × × × × × × × ×

Judder × × × × × × × ×

Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × × × × ×
dling

Noise × × × × × × × × × × × × ×

Shake × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
Symptom

Vibration × × × × × ×
TIRES

Shimmy × × × × × × × × × × × × ×

Judder × × × × × × × × × × × ×

Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × × × × ×
dling

Noise × × × × × × × × × ×

× × × × × × × × × ×
ROAD WHEEL

Shake

Shimmy,
× × × × × × × × ×
Judder

Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × ×
dling

×: Applicable

SU-4
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Components

Components NFSU0005

GI

MA

EM

LC

EC

FE

CL

MT

AT

AX

BR

ST

RS

BT

SSU009
HA
1. Front suspension member 4. Rebound stopper 7. Coil spring
2. Stabilizer bar 5. Knuckle 8. Strut mount plate SC
3. Transverse link 6. Strut assembly

EL

IDX

SU-5
 FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service

On-vehicle Service
FRONT SUSPENSION PARTS NFSU0006
Check front axle and front suspension parts for excessive play,
cracks, wear or other damage.
I Shake each front wheel to check for excessive play.
I Make sure that cotter pin is inserted.
I Retighten all axle and suspension nuts and bolts to the speci-
fied torque.
Tightening torque:
SMA525A Refer to “FRONT SUSPENSION”, SU-5.
I Check strut (shock absorber) for oil leakage or other damage.
I Check suspension ball joint for grease leakage and ball joint
dust cover for cracks or other damage.
If ball joint dust cover is cracked or damaged, replace trans-
verse link.

SFA392B

I Check spring height from top of wheelarch to the ground.

a) Vehicle must be unladen*, parked on a level surface, and tires
checked for proper inflation and wear (tread wear indicator
must not be showing).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
b) Bounce vehicle up and down several times before measuring.
Standard height: Refer to SDS (SU-16).
c) Spring height is not adjustable. If out of specification, check for
worn springs or suspension parts.
SFA818AA

I Check suspension ball joint end play.

a) Jack up front of vehicle and set the stands.
b) Clamp dial indicator onto transverse link and place indicator tip
on lower edge of brake caliper.
c) Make sure front wheels are straight and brake pedal is
depressed.
d) Place a pry bar between transverse link and inner rim of road
wheel.
e) While raising and releasing pry bar, observe maximum dial
indicator value.
SSU010 Vertical end play: 0 mm (0 in)
f) If ball joint movement is beyond specifications, remove and
replace it.
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT NFSU0007
Before checking front wheel alignment, be sure to make a prelimi-
nary inspection (Unladen*).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand
tools and mats in designated positions.

SU-6
 FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
Preliminary Inspection NFSU0007S01
Aluminum wheel NFSU0007S0103
1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation. GI
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage.
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
MA
a. Remove tire from aluminum wheel and mount on a tire balance
machine.
b. Set dial indicator as shown in the illustration. EM
Wheel runout (Dial indicator value):
Refer to SDS, SU-16.
SFA975B
3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness. LC
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness. EC
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).
FE

CL

MT
Steel wheel NFSU0007S0104
1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation. AT
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage.
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from steel wheel and mount wheel on a tire bal- AX
ance machine.
b. Set two dial indicators as shown in the illustration.
c. Set each dial indicator to 0.
d. Rotate wheel and check dial indicators at several points
around the circumference of the wheel. BR
e. Calculate runout at each point as shown below.
Radial runout = (A + B)/2
Lateral runout = (C + D)/2 ST
f. Select maximum positive runout value and the maximum
negative value.
Add the two values to determine total runout.
RS
In case a positive or negative value is not available, use the
maximum value (negative or positive) for total runout. BT
If the total runout value exceeds the limit, replace steel wheel.
Wheel runout:
Refer to SDS, SU-16. HA
SFA981B 3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
SC
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen). EL

IDX

SU-7
 FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
Camber, Caster and Kingpin Inclination NFSU0007S02
Camber, caster and kingpin inclination are preset at factory
and cannot be adjusted.
1. Measure camber, caster and kingpin inclination of both right
and left wheels with a suitable alignment gauge.
Camber, caster and kingpin inclination:
Refer to SDS, SU-15.
2. If camber, caster or kingpin inclination is not within
specification, inspect front suspension parts. Replace dam-
aged or worn out parts.
SRA096A

Toe-in NFSU0007S03
Measure toe-in using the following procedure.
WARNING:
I Always perform the following procedure on a flat surface.
I Make sure that no person is in front of the vehicle before
pushing it.
1. Bounce front of vehicle up and down to stabilize the posture.
2. Push the vehicle straight ahead about 5 m (16 ft).
3. Put a mark on base line of tread (rear side) of both tires at the
same height as hub center. These are measuring points.
AFA050

4. Measure distance “A” (rear side).

5. Push the vehicle slowly ahead to rotate the wheels 180
degrees (1/2 turn).
If the wheels have rotated more than 180 degrees (1/2 turn), try
the above procedure again from the beginning. Never push
vehicle backward.
6. Measure distance “B” (front side).
Total toe-in:
Refer to SDS, SU-15.

SFA234AC

7. Adjust toe-in by varying the length of steering tie-rods.

a. Loosen lock nuts.
b. Adjust toe-in by screwing tie-rods in and out.
Standard length “L”:
Refer to ST-30, “SDS”.
c. Tighten lock nuts to specified torque.
Lock nut tightening torque:
Refer to ST-20, “POWER STEERING GEAR AND LINK-
AGE”.
SFA486A

Front Wheel Turning Angle NFSU0007S04

1. Set wheels in straight-ahead position. Then move vehicle for-
ward until front wheels rest on turning radius gauge properly.
2. Rotate steering wheel all the way right and left; measure turn-
ing angle.
Do not hold the steering wheel on full lock for more than
15 seconds.
Wheel turning angle (Full turn):
Refer to SDS, SU-15.

SFA439BA

SU-8
 FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
3. Check stopper bolt head to see whether it contacts stopper
bracket at specified outside wheel angle. If not, adjust stopper
bolt to contact stopper bracket at the correct angle. GI
Adjust protrusion of stopper bolt before placing stopper bolt
cap.
Apply grease to face of stopper bracket that bolt touches. MA
Tighten stopper bolt lock nut.
: 54 - 72 N·m (5.5 - 7.3 kg-m, 40 - 53 ft-lb)
EM

SSU023 LC

EC

FE

CL

MT

AT

AX

BR

ST

RS

BT

HA

SC

EL

IDX

SU-9
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber

Coil Spring and Shock Absorber

COMPONENTS =NFSU0008

SSU011

1. Strut mount upper plate 8. Bound bumper rubber 15. Bush link pin
2. Strut spacer 9. Coil spring 16. Transverse link
3. Strut mount insulator 10. Shock absorber 17. Stabilizer
4. Strut mount bracket 11. Suspension member 18. Connecting rod
5. Strut mount bearing 12. Rebound stopper 19. Stabilizer clamp
6. Spring upper seat 13. Wheel hub and steering knuckle 20. Bushing
7. Spring rubber seat 14. Cotter pin

SU-10
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber (Cont’d)
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION =NFSU0009
I Remove shock absorber fixing bolt and nut (to hoodledge).
I Do not remove piston rod lock nut on vehicle. GI

MA

EM

SFA956A LC
DISASSEMBLY NFSU0010
1. Set shock absorber on vise, then loosen piston rod lock nut. EC
I Do not remove piston rod lock nut at this time.
2. Compress spring with Tool so that shock absorber mounting
insulator can be turned by hand. FE
WARNING:
Make sure that the pawls of the two spring compressors are
firmly hooked on the spring. The spring compressors must be CL
tightened alternately so as not to tilt the spring.

SSU002
MT
3. Remove piston rod lock nut.
AT

AX

BR
SSU003

INSPECTION NFSU0011 ST
Shock Absorber Assembly NFSU0011S01
I Check for smooth operation through a full stroke, both com-
pression and extension. RS
I Check for oil leakage on welded or gland packing portions.
I Check piston rod for cracks, deformation or other damage.
Replace if necessary. BT
Mounting Insulator and Rubber Parts NFSU0011S02
I Check cemented rubber-to-metal portion for separation or HA
cracks. Check rubber parts for deterioration.
Replace if necessary.
SC
Thrust Bearing NFSU0011S06
I Check thrust bearing parts for abnormal noise or excessive
rattle in axial direction. EL
I Replace if necessary.
Coil Spring NFSU0011S03
IDX
I Check for cracks, deformation or other damage. Replace if
necessary.

SU-11
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber (Cont’d)
ASSEMBLY NFSU0012
I When installing coil spring on strut, it must be positioned as
shown in the figure at left.

SFA508A

I Install upper spring seat with its cutout facing the outer side of
vehicle.

SFA664A

Stabilizer Bar
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NFSU0017
I Remove stabilizer bar.

SSU027

I When installing stabilizer, make sure that band and clamp face
in their correct directions.

SSU026

I Make sure that slit in bushing is in the position shown in the

figure.

SFA604B

SU-12
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Stabilizer Bar (Cont’d)
I When removing and installing stabilizer bar.

GI

MA

EM

SSU027 LC
I Install stabilizer bar with ball joint socket properly placed.
EC

FE

CL

SFA449BB
MT
I Check stabilizer for deformation or cracks. Replace if neces-
sary. AT
I Check rubber bushings for deterioration or cracks. Replace if
necessary.
I Check ball joint can rotate in all directions. If movement is not AX
smooth and free, replace stabilizer bar connecting rod.

BR
ARA027

Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint ST

REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NFSU0018
1. Remove wheel bearing lock nut.
2. Remove tie-rod ball joint. RS
3. Remove strut lower bracket fixing bolts and nuts.
4. Separate drive shaft from knuckle by slightly tapping drive BT
shaft end.
Cover boots with shop towel so as not to damage them when
removing drive shaft. HA
SFA651A

5. Separate lower ball joint stud from knuckle with suitable tool. SC
Refer to AX-5, “FRONT AXLE — Wheel Hub and Knuckle”.

EL

IDX

SFA113AB

SU-13
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint (Cont’d)
6. Remove fixing bolts.
7. Remove transverse link and lower ball joint.
8. Install fixing bolts in order of number.
Tightening torque:
Refer to “FRONT SUSPENSION”, SU-6.
9. During installation, final tightening must be carried out at curb
weight with tires on the ground.
10. After installation, check wheel alignment. Refer to “ON-VE-
HICLE SERVICE — Front Wheel Alignment”, SU-6.
SSU012

INSPECTION NFSU0019
Transverse Link NFSU0019S01
I Check transverse link for damage, cracks or deformation.
Replace it if necessary.
I Check rubber bushing for damage, cracks and deformation.
Replace transverse link if necessary.

Lower Ball Joint NFSU0019S02

I Check ball joint for play. Replace transverse link assembly if
any of the following cases occur. Ball stud is worn, play in axial
direction is excessive or joint is hard to swing.
Before checking, turn ball joint at least 10 revolutions so that
ball joint is properly broken in.
Swinging force “A”:
(measuring point: cotter pin hole of ball stud):
7.8 - 77.5 N (0.8 - 7.9 kg, 1.8 - 17.4 lb)
Turning torque “B”:
SFA858A 0.50 - 4.90 N·m (5.1 - 50 kg-cm, 4.4 - 43.4 in-lb)
Vertical end play “C”:
0 mm (0 in)
I Check dust cover for damage. Replace it and cover clamp if
necessary.

Service Data and Specifications (SDS)

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS (FRONT) NFSU0020

Suspension type Independent MacPherson strut

Shock absorber type Double-acting hydraulic

Stabilizer bar Standard equipment

SU-14
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS) (Cont’d)
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT (UNLADEN*1) =NFSU0021

Destination All
GI
Camber Minimum −1°00′ (−1.00°)
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal −0°15′ (−0.25°)
MA
Maximum 0°30′ (0.50°)

Left and right differ-

ence
45′ (0.75°) or less EM
Caster Minimum 1°55′ (1.92°)
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal 2°40′ (2.67°)
LC
Maximum 3°25′ (3.42°)

Left and right differ-

EC
45′ (0.75°) or less
ence

Kingpin inclination Minimum 13°30′ (13.50°) FE

Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal 14°15′ (14.25°)

Maximum 15°00′ (15.00°) CL

Total toe-in Minimum 0 (0)
Distance (A − B)
mm (in)
Nominal 1 (0.04) MT
Maximum 2 (0.08)

Minimum 0′ (0.00°) AT
Angle (left plus right)
Nominal 6′ (0.10°)
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Maximum 12′ (0.20°) AX
Wheel turning angle Minimum 36°00′ (36.00°)
Full turn*2 Inside
Nominal 39°30′ (39.50°)
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Maximum 40°30′ (40.50°)

Outside
Nominal 32°00′ (32.00°)
BR
Degree minute (Decimal degree)

*1: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
*2: On power steering models, wheel turning force (at circumference of steering wheel) of 98 to 147 N (10 to 15 kg, 22 to 33 lb) with
ST
engine idle.

LOWER BALL JOINT NFSU0022

RS
Swinging force “A”
7.8 - 77.5 (0.8 - 7.9, 1.8 - 17.4)
(Measuring point: cotter pin hole of ball stud) N (kg, lb)
BT
Turning torque “B” N·m (kg-cm, in-lb) 0.50 - 4.90 (5.1 - 50.0, 4.4 - 43.4)

Vertical end play “C” mm (in) 0 (0)

HA

SC

EL

IDX

SU-15
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS) (Cont’d)
WHEELARCH HEIGHT (UNLADEN*) NFSU0041

SFA818A

Applied model Models with 215/55R16 tire Models with 205/65R15 tire

Front (Hf) mm (in) 698 (27.48) 700 (27.56)

Rear (Hr) mm (in) 683 (26.89) 690 (27.17)

*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.

WHEEL RUNOUT NFSU0023

Wheel type Aluminum Steel wheel

Radial runout limit mm (in) 0.3 (0.012) 0.5 (0.020)

Lateral runout limit mm (in) 0.3 (0.012) 0.8 (0.031)

SU-16
 REAR SUSPENSION
Precautions

Precautions
PRECAUTIONS
I When installing each rubber part, final tightening must be
NFSU0024
GI
carried out under unladen condition* with tires on ground.
Oil will shorten the life of rubber bushes. Be sure to wipe MA
off any spilled oil.
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions. EM
I Use flare nut wrench when removing or installing brake
tubes.
SBR686C I After installing removed suspension parts, check wheel LC
alignment.
I Do not jack up at the trailing arm and lateral link.
I Always torque brake lines when installing. EC
I Lock nuts are unreusable parts; always use new ones.
When replacing, do not wipe the oil off of the new lock nut FE
before tightening.

CL

MT
Preparation
COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS AT
NFSU0026

Tool name Description

AX
Equivalent to Removing and installing brake piping
GG94310000 a: 10 mm (0.39 in)
1 Flare nut crowfoot
2 Torque wrench

NT360
BR
Spring compressor Removing and installing coil spring
ST

RS
NT717
BT

HA

Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) SC

Troubleshooting NFSU0027
Refer to “Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Troubleshooting”, EL
“FRONT SUSPENSION”, SU-4.

IDX

SU-17
 REAR SUSPENSION
Components

Components NFSU0028

SSU013

1. Shock absorber mounting seal 4. Suspension member 6. Lateral link

2. Coil spring 5. Control rod 7. Torsion beam
3. Shock absorber

SU-18
 REAR SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service

On-vehicle Service
REAR SUSPENSION PARTS
Check axle and suspension parts for excessive play, wear or dam-
NFSU0029
GI
age.
I Shake each rear wheel to check for excessive play. MA

EM

SMA525A LC
I Retighten all nuts and bolts to the specified torque.
Tightening torque:
EC
Refer to “REAR SUSPENSION”, SU-18.

FE

CL

SSU014
MT
I Check shock absorber for oil leakage or other damage.
I Check wheelarch height. Refer to “On-vehicle Service”, AT
“FRONT SUSPENSION PARTS”, SU-6.

AX

BR
SMA113

REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT

Before checking rear wheel alignment, be sure to make a prelimi-
NFSU0030 ST
nary inspection (Unladen*).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand RS
tools and mats in designated positions.

BT

HA

Preliminary Inspection NFSU0030S01

SC
Aluminum wheel NFSU0030S0101
1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage. If
EL
deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from aluminum wheel and mount on a tire balance IDX
machine.
b. Set dial indicator as shown in the illustration.
Wheel runout (Dial indicator value):
Refer to SDS, SU-16.
SFA975B

SU-19
 REAR SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).

Steel wheel NFSU0030S0102

1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage.
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from steel wheel and mount wheel on a tire bal-
ance machine.
b. Set two dial indicators as shown in the illustration.
c. Set each dial indicator to 0.
d. Rotate wheel and check dial indicators at several points
around the circumference of the wheel.
e. Calculate runout at each point as shown below.
Radial runout = (A + B)/2
Lateral runout = (C + D)/2
f. Select maximum positive runout value and the maximum
negative value.
Add the two values to determine total runout.
In case a positive or negative value is not available, use the
maximum value (negative or positive) for total runout.
If the total runout value exceeds the limit, replace steel wheel.
Wheel runout:
Refer to SDS, SU-16.
SFA981B 3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).

Camber NFSU0030S02
Camber is preset at factory and cannot be adjusted.
Camber:
Refer to SDS, SU-27.
I If the camber is not within specification, inspect and replace
any damaged or worn rear suspension parts.

SFA948A

SU-20
 REAR SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
Toe-in NFSU0030S03
Toe-in is preset at factory and cannot be adjusted.
Measure toe-in using following procedure. If out of GI
specification, inspect and replace any damaged or worn rear
suspension parts.
WARNING: MA
I Perform following procedure always on a flat surface.
I Make sure that no person is in front of the vehicle before EM
pushing it.
1. Bounce rear of vehicle up and down to stabilize the posture.
SFA614B 2. Push the vehicle straight ahead about 5 m (16 ft). LC
3. Put a mark on base line of the tread (rear side) of both tires at
the same height of hub center. This mark is a measuring point.
4. Measure distance “A” (rear side). EC
5. Push the vehicle slowly ahead to rotate the wheels 180
degrees (1/2 turn). FE
If the wheels have rotated more than 180 degrees (1/2 turn), try
the above procedure again from the beginning. Never push
vehicle backward. CL
6. Measure distance “B” (front side).
Total toe-in: A − B
SFA234AC Refer to SDS, SU-27.
MT

AT

AX

BR

ST

RS

BT

HA

SC

EL

IDX

SU-21
 REAR SUSPENSION
Removal and Installation

Removal and Installation NFSU0031

SSU015

1. Washer 6. Bushing 11. Torsion beam

2. Bushing 7. Bound bumper cover 12. Control rod
3. Shock absorber mounting seal 8. Bound bumper 13. Lateral link
4. Shock absorber mounting bracket 9. Coil spring 14. ABS sensor
5. Distance tube 10. Shock absorber 15. Suspension member

SU-22
 REAR SUSPENSION
Removal and Installation (Cont’d)
REMOVAL NFSU0031S01
CAUTION:
I Before removing the rear suspension assembly, discon- GI
nect the ABS wheel sensor from the assembly. Failure to
do so may result in damage to the sensor wires and the
sensor becoming inoperative. MA
I Remove suspension assembly.
1. Remove tires, then remove brake hose lock plate.
EM
2. Disconnect parking brake cable from caliper and remove brake
caliper and rotor.
SSU016 Suspend caliper assembly with wire so as not to stretch brake LC
hose.
Be careful not to depress brake pedal, or piston will pop out.
Make sure brake hose is not twisted. EC
3. Using a transmission jack, raise torsion beam a little, and
remove nuts and bolts from the trailing arm, shock absorber
assembly (lower side) and lateral link. FE
4. Lower transmission jack, and remove suspension.
5. Remove trunk room trim. Refer to BT-31, “Trunk Room”, “INTE- CL
RIOR TRIM”.
6. Remove strut securing nuts (upper side). Then pull out strut
SSU017
assembly. MT
INSTALLATION NFSU0031S02
I Install suspension assembly. AT
CAUTION:
Refill with new brake fluid “DOT 3”.
Never reuse drained brake fluid. AX
1. Install suspension member.
a. Temporarily tighten bolt 5.
b. Tighten all bolts in numerical order shown in the figure.
Tightening torque:
Refer to SU-22. BR

ST

RS

BT

HA
SSU020

2. Attach control rod to lateral link. Do not tighten bolts at this SC

time.
3. Attach lateral link, control rod and torsion beam to vehicle. Do
not tighten bolts at this time. EL

IDX

SSU018

SU-23
 REAR SUSPENSION
Removal and Installation (Cont’d)
4. Using a transmission jack to lift the torsion beam, place lateral
link and control rod horizontally against torsion beam. Tighten
bolts and nuts to specified torque.

SSU019

5. Tighten lateral link at suspension member.

6. Attach shock absorber assembly to vehicle. Then tighten the
upper side of shock absorber assembly.
7. Remove transmission jack and lower torsion beam so that the
shock absorber assembly reaches full extension. Tighten tor-
sion beam and lower side of shock absorber assembly to
specified torque.

SSU021

Coil Spring and Shock Absorber

REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NFSU0032
Remove shock absorber upper and lower fixing nuts.
Do not remove piston rod lock nut on vehicle.

DISASSEMBLY NFSU0033
1. Set shock absorber in vise, then loosen piston rod lock nut.
Do not remove piston rod lock nut at this time.
2. Compress spring with Tool so that the shock absorber upper
spring seat can be turned by hand.
WARNING:
Make sure that the pawls of the two spring compressors are
firmly hooked on the spring. The spring compressors must be
tightened alternately so as not to tilt the spring.
3. Remove piston rod lock nut.
SRA806A

INSPECTION NFSU0034
Shock Absorber Assembly NFSU0034S01
I Check for smooth operation through a full stroke, both com-
pression and extension.
I Check for oil leakage on welded or gland packing portions.
I Check piston rod for cracks, deformation or other damage.
Replace if necessary.
Upper Rubber Seat and Bushing NFSU0034S02
Check rubber parts for deterioration or cracks.
Replace if necessary.

SU-24
 REAR SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber (Cont’d)
Coil Spring NFSU0034S03
Check for cracks, deformation or other damage. Replace if
necessary. GI

MA

EM

LC
ASSEMBLY NFSU0035
I Locate upper spring seat as shown. EC

FE

CL

SRA699A
MT
I When installing coil spring, be careful not to reverse top and
bottom direction. (Top end is flat.) AT
I When installing coil spring on shock absorber, it must be posi-
tioned as shown in figure at left.
CAUTION: AX
Do not reuse piston rod lock nut.

BR
SFA436B

Torsion Beam, Lateral Link and Control Rod ST

DISASSEMBLY NFSU0036
I Remove torsion beam assembly. Refer to “Removal and
Installation”, “REAR SUSPENSION”, SU-23. RS
I Remove lateral link and control rod from torsion beam.
BT

HA

INSPECTION NFSU0037
SC
I Check for cracks, distortion or other damage. Replace if nec-
essary.
Standard length: EL
A 206.5 - 208.5 mm (8.13 - 8.21 in)
B 393.5 - 395.5 mm (15.49 - 15.57 in) IDX
C 600 - 604 mm (23.62 - 23.78 in)
D 106 - 108 mm (4.17 - 4.25 in)
I Check all rubber parts for wear, cracks or deformation.
Replace if necessary.
SSU025

SU-25
 REAR SUSPENSION
Torsion Beam, Lateral Link and Control Rod (Cont’d)
ASSEMBLY NFSU0038
1. Temporarily assemble lateral link and control rod.
I When installing the control rod, connect the bush with the
smaller inner diameter to the lateral link.

SRA793A

2. Temporarily install lateral link and control rod on torsion beam.

I When installing, place lateral link with the arrow topside.

SSU022

3. Place lateral link and control rod horizontally against torsion

beam, and tighten to the specified torque.
4. Install torsion beam assembly. Refer to “Removal and
Installation”, “REAR SUSPENSION”, SU-23.

SSU024

SU-26
 REAR SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS)

Service Data and Specifications (SDS)

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS (REAR) =NFSU0039
GI
Suspension type Multi-link beam suspension

Shock absorber type Double-acting hydraulic

MA
REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT (UNLADEN*) NFSU0040

Camber Minimum −1°45′ (−1.75°)

EM
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal −1°00′ (−1.00°)

Maximum −0°15′ (−0.25°)

LC
Total toe-in Distance (A − B) Minimum −3 (−0.12)
mm (in)
Nominal 1 (0.04)
EC
Maximum 5 (0.20)

Angle (left plus right) Minimum −16′ (−0.27°)

FE
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal 5′30″ (0.09°)

Maximum 26′ (0.43°)

CL
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
MT

AT

AX

BR

ST

RS

BT

HA

SC

EL

IDX

SU-27
NOTES