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Conditional Sentences (Handout)

Conditional sentences express actions dependent on certain conditions and are categorized into four types: zero, first, second, and third conditionals. Each type has a specific form and use, ranging from general truths to hypothetical situations. Tips are provided to help remember the distinctions between these conditionals.

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12 views2 pages

Conditional Sentences (Handout)

Conditional sentences express actions dependent on certain conditions and are categorized into four types: zero, first, second, and third conditionals. Each type has a specific form and use, ranging from general truths to hypothetical situations. Tips are provided to help remember the distinctions between these conditionals.

Uploaded by

hamza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Handout: Conditional Sentences

Introduction Conditional sentences are used to express actions that will happen if a certain
condition is fulfilled. They are often called "if-clauses" because they most commonly begin
with "if." There are four main types of conditional sentences: zero, first, second, and third
conditionals. Let's break each one down!

1. Zero Conditional

Form: If + Present Simple, Present Simple

Use: To talk about general truths, scientific facts, or situations where one action is always
followed by another.

Examples:

 If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.


 If it rains, the ground gets wet.

2. First Conditional

Form: If + Present Simple, will + Infinitive

Use: To talk about real and possible situations in the future.

Examples:

 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.


 If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

3. Second Conditional

Form: If + Past Simple, would + Infinitive

Use: To talk about hypothetical or unlikely situations in the present or future.

Examples:

 If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.


 If you were taller, you would be a great basketball player.

4. Third Conditional

Form: If + Past Perfect, would have + Past Participle


Use: To talk about hypothetical situations in the past that didn't happen.

Examples:

 If I had known about the party, I would have gone.


 If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.

Tips for Remembering Conditionals

1. Zero Conditional: Think of it as a fact. If this happens, that always happens.


2. First Conditional: Think of it as a real possibility. If this happens, that will happen.
3. Second Conditional: Imagine a dream or an unlikely situation. If this happened, that
would happen.
4. Third Conditional: Reflect about the past. If this had happened, that would have
happened.

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