UNIT – III

What are the different types of NoSQL databases, and how do they differ in terms of
data models and use cases?
What are some challenges in managing and analyzing big data for advertising
purposes
What are the major sources of data in big data environments, and how do they
contribute to the 3Vs of dat
Define and Explain Polyglot Persistance with respect to Big Data Analysis
Define and Differentiate between Graph database and RDBMS
What is replication? Explain the types of Replications in detail with neat block
diagram
What are the key challenges associated with managing and analyzing big data in the
context of digital advertising?
What are the key components of the Cross-Channel Lifecycle Marketing approach with
a neat diagram
What is the significance of big data in innovation and competitive organizations
and industries?
How do non-relational data models address the challenges of handling unstructured
and semi-structured data in big data applications?
What is the CAP theorem, and how does it impact the design and implementation of
distributed systems, particularly in the context of big data
What is Impedance Mismatch? Explain with Example
What are Web Analytics Metrics? Discuss their types and significance in evaluating
website performance and user behavior
What is a shard? Explain the concept of sharding in detail, including its purpose,
types, and benefits in distributed database systems
UNIT – IV
Discuss the key design principles of the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), and
how do they support fault tolerance and scalability
How does Hadoop execute a MapReduce job? Explain the detailed process involved in
the execution lifecycle of a MapReduce job with a neat diagram
Explain the design principles and concepts behind Hadoop Distributed File System
(HDFS), and their role in scalability, fault-tolerance, and performance in big data
applications.
Describe the data flow in HDFS. How does data move between clients, NameNode, and
DataNodes
What is the MapReduce programming model? Explain its key components and how it
enables parallel processing of large-scale data in a Hadoop environment
Explain “shuffle and sort” phase in Hadoop MapReduce and illustrate how it
contributes job handling in Big data.
Explain job scheduling in Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), and list the key
factors that influence the scheduling of jobs in a Hadoop cluster?
Explain the process involved in file read and file write operations in Hadoop
Distributed File System (HDFS), and give the importance of NameNode, DataNode, and
client in the process?"
List and Explain key differences between MapReduce 1 and MapReduce 2 (YARN) in
terms of their anatomy?
Explain the mechanism to handle the failures in HDFS
Discuss the file write operation in HDFS. How does the system handle data storage
and replication during a write process
What are the key stages in a MapReduce workflow, and how do they facilitate the
processing of large datasets with basic workflow Pattern?
What are the common types of failures in a MapReduce environment?explain
What is the role of the messaging layer in the Hadoop ecosystem?to facilitates
communication and coordination between distributed components
UNIT – V
How do Hive and Pig differ in terms of data abstraction, query execution, and their
suitability for specific types of data analysis in the Hadoop ecosystem
Write a note on Hive and Hbase : Hadoop ecosystems architecture in detail
How does Sqoop provide efficient data transfer between relational databases and
Hadoop, and what are the key parameters for optimizing its performance?
How does the Spark programming model use Resilient Distributed Datasets (RDDs) to
manage fault tolerance and parallelism in data processing
Explain RDDs (Resilient Distributed Datasets) in Apache Spark and describe the
various operations performed on RDDs
Explain how record linkage is used in big data analysis to handle data redundancy
Explain Apache Spark, programming model and distinguish it from traditional
MapReduce programming model
Write a note on Apache Pig and Apache Sqoop, highlighting their roles within the
Hadoop ecosystem architecture
What is Spark Shell? Explain its role and significance in developing and
interacting with Apache Spark applications.
Define VMM.Give the Architecture of Computer virtualization
What are critical instructions in virtualization, and how do they impact the
performance and efficiency of virtual machines
Explain Xen Architecture along with the key components
Write and explain the combinatorial auction algorithm for resource allocation in
cloud.
What is OS level virtualization? Explain operating system virtualization from the
point of view of a machine stack
What is the importance of code-portability? Explain with neat diagram
Explain the various resource management policies of cloud computing
What are the core components of Apache Spark, and how does its in-memory processing
model provide advantages over traditional MapReduce?
What is the role of HBase in the Hadoop ecosystem, and how does it support real-
time read/write access to large datasets compared to HDFS
Distinguish between RDDs and DataFrames in Apache Spark
What is the architecture of Pig, and how do its execution model and optimization
features enable efficient data processing over MapReduce
List and explain common transformations and actions applied on RDDs