Fundamentals of Cable Structures
This document provides a concise summary of cable mechanics fundamentals, including key
equations and concepts relevant to structural and bridge engineering. Engineers frequently
use cable elements in structures such as suspension bridges, cable-stayed systems, and
transmission lines.
1. Catenary Equation
A uniform cable under self-weight takes the shape of a catenary:
y(x) = (H/w) * cosh((w/H) * x)
Where:
- H: Horizontal tension (N)
- w: Weight per unit length (N/m)
- x: Horizontal distance from the origin (m)
- y: Vertical sag at position x (m)
2. Inclined Catenary Behavior
In inclined configurations, support elevations differ. The lowest point of the cable may not
lie at the center. Vertical support reactions and the overall shape must be calculated using
boundary conditions and nonlinear equilibrium equations.
- V₁ = H * tan(θ₁), V₂ = H * tan(θ₂)
- Total vertical reaction = w * cable length
3. Applications
- Suspension and cable-stayed bridges
- Guyed towers and masts
- Power lines and transmission cables
- Ropeways and funicular systems