Diploma in

Electronics
Engineering
SyllabusDocument
ProgramInformation

Introduction

Diploma in Electronics Engineering is a three-year program where the students are taught about
the study and application of electronics, electricity and electromagnetism. It is a form of
engineering associated with electronic circuits, devices and the equipment and systems that use
them. This course has been designed to provide in-depth knowledge of theory & practicality in the
emerging & latest areas of electronics to meet the challenges of continuous technological changes
and sound knowledge of the latest areas. This course not only helps to acquire in-depth knowledge
in Electronics Engineering but also offers the opportunity to specialize in one of the four subfields
viz.

1. Communication Engineering
2. Medical Electronics
3. Digital Electronics
4. Instrumentation & Control Engineering

Program Vision

• To create highly skilled, proficient, creative, innovative and entrepreneurial electronics

engineers having professional ethics, passion and competence to adapt the latest
transformations in technology.
• To enhance the technical capabilities of students through learning and practicing in the
relevant domain to become effective and successful technical engineers to cope-up with the
changing technical demand of the market and to build a better foundation of students for
higher studies.

Program Mission

• To providestrong and sustainable human resources to meet industry needs where

electronics, instrumentation and controls are highly used.
• To provide askill-intensive training regimen for students where students get rigorous
practical training alongwiththeoreticalknowledge.
• To provide life-long learning by enhancing the knowledge base and skills necessary to
contributeto the improvement of their profession and community.
• To provide an atmosphere where students will learn teamwork, ethical behavior, and the
ability to face the changing world.

Program Outcome

2
 PO (After completing the diploma in Electronics Engineering, our
students will be)

1. Able to design a system, component or process to meet desired needs

with realistic constraints.

2. Able to demonstrate skills to use modern devices, software and

equipment to analyze and solve problems.

3. Able to acquire the knowledge of analog electronics, specialized

communication engineering or medical electronics or instrumentation &
control or digital electronics engineering.

4. Able to design Major Project in the areas of Digital system design,

microprocessor based system, Software projects related to electronics field,
Communication based projects, any other project related to electronics
industries.

5. Able to operate computer efficiently and write program in C++, Java,

Python.

6. Able to design minor projects to enhance their practical knowledge and

skills by development of small electronics components, devices and
circuitry and or based on microprocessor based applications.

7. Able to demonstrate strong communication skills.

8. Able to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering.

9. Able to work in multidisciplinary teams to identify, formulate, and solve

engineering problems related to corporate world and society.

10. Able to demonstrate continuous improvement to remain competitive in

the changing world.

CreditScheme

Semester IV (Communication Engineering)

S. Subject Code Hours/week Total
No. Course Titles Credits
L T P

1 EC-PC401-C Analog Electronics-III 3 0 2 4

2 Microprocessor &
EC-PC402-C 3 0 2 4
Microcontrollers

3
3 Problem Solving using
EC- PC403 - C 3 0 2 4
PYTHON

4 Fundamentals Of
EC-PE403-C 3 0 2 4
Communication Engineering

5 EC-PR401-C Minor Project 0 0 4 2

6 FW-DP044 Face The World Skills-IV 1 0 0 1

(Entrepreneurship)

7 HS-024 English Communication - IV 1 0 0 1

8 EE-HS403 Human Values 1 0 0 1

Total 16 0 10 21

Semester IV (Medical Electronics)

S. Subject Code Hours/week Total
No. Course Titles Credits
L T P

1 EC-PC401-M Analog Electronics - III 3 0 2 4

2 Microprocessor &
EC-PC402-M 3 0 2 4
Microcontrollers

3 Problem Solving using

EC- PC403 - M 3 0 2 4
PYTHON

4 EC-PE401-M Bio Signal & Systems 3 0 2 4

5 EC-PR401-M Minor Project 0 0 4 2

6 Face The World Skills-IV

FW-DP044 1 0 0 1
(Entrepreneurship)

7 HS-024 English Communication-IV 1 0 0 1

8 EC-HS403 Human Values 1 0 0 1

Total 16 0 10 21

Semester IV (Instrumentation & Control)

S. Subject Code Hours/week Total
No. Course Titles Credits
L T P

1 EC-PC401-I Analog Electronics - III 3 0 2 4

2 EC-PC402-I Microprocessor 3 0 2 4
4
 &Microcontrollers

3 Problem Solving using

EC- PC403 - I 3 0 2 4
PYTHON

4 EC-PE401-I Transducers & Sensors 3 0 2 4

5 EC-PR401-I Minor Project 0 0 4 2

6 Face The World Skills-IV

FW-DP044 1 0 0 1
(Entrepreneurship)

7 HS-024 English Communication-IV 1 0 0 1

8 EC-HS403 Human Values 1 0 0 1

Total 16 0 10 21

Semester IV (Digital Electronics)

S. Subject Code Hours/week Total
No. Course Titles Credits
L T P

1 EC-PC401-D Analog Electronics 3 3 0 2 4

2 Microprocessor &
EC-PE401-D 3 0 2 4
Microcontrollers

3 Problem Solving using

EC- PC403 - D 3 0 2 4
PYTHON

4 Fundamentals Of
EC-PC402-D 3 0 2 4
Communication Engineering

5 EC-PR401-D Minor Project 0 0 4 2

6 Face The World Skills-IV

FW-DP044 1 0 0 1
(Entrepreneurship)

7 HS-024 English Communication-IV 1 0 0 1

8 EC-HS403 Human Values 1 0 0 1

Total 16 0 10 21

InternshipII

SlNo. CourseCode CourseName TotalCre

dits
1 EC-PR404 OptionalInternship/SummerProject -

5
Note:Thedetailedsyllabiforcoursesthatarecommonacrossprograms,forexample,English,Facethe
World,etc.,arepresentedseparate

6
SEMESTER - IV

5
 EC-PC401- C |Analog Electronics - III

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

DC, small signal AC analysis, and Kirchhoff’s current and voltage laws, and full understanding of
transistor operation and small-signal modeling.

Objectives

1. Understand the basics of construction, working and applications of various types of

electronic components such as Thyristors and UJT, transient phenomena.
2. Maintain Clipper, Clamper,multivibrator, time-base circuits; regulated power supply, VCO
andPLL circuits and in turn maintain equipment having such circuits.

Learning Outcomes

1. Understand transient phenomena R-C, R-L. and understand working of clipper and clamper
2. Explain the working of SCR,UJT and their applications.
3. Explain different types of timer ICs.
4. Understand the fabrication process of integrated circuits.
5. Design circuits like Regulated power supply, UPS, CVT,VCO,PLL, Time Base circuit.

Syllabus

1. Wave Shaping Circuits

General idea about different wave shapes; Transient phenomena in R-C and R-L circuits; R-
C and R-L differentiating and integrating circuits; Clipping circuits; Diode clippers- series and
shunt biased type; Double clipper circuits; Zener diode clipper circuits; Use of transistors for
clipping and clamping circuits; Diode clamping circuit for clamping to negative peak, positive
peak or any other level for different input waveforms.

2. Thyristors and UJT

Characteristics, working principle and application of SCR, TRIAC, DIAC, SCS, SBS and
LASCR; Basic structure, principle of operation and VI characteristics of UJT; Working of
UJT as relaxation oscillator and its use in triggering of SCR
3. Integrated Electronics
8
 Introduction, advantages and disadvantages of ICs; Classification of ICs based on Size and
fabrication methods; Fabrication of transistors by planar process, a typical Fabrication
process for monolithic integrated circuits.
4. Timer IC

Purpose of Timer IC, Block diagram of 555 Timer IC and its working, 555 Timer as
monostable,astable and bistable multivibrators; FSK generator and Pulse position Modulation;
OpAmp based monostable and astable multivibrators; Schmitt Trigger circuit.

5. Time-BaseCircuits

Need of time-base or sweep waveforms; special features of time base signals; Voltage time base
circuits; Current time base circuits; Bootstrap time base generator; Miller time base generator;
UJT sweep generator.

6. RegulatedPowerSupply

Concept of regulation; Performance parameters of regulated power supplies; Series and Shunt regulators
using transistors and OPAmp; Three terminal voltage regulator ICs 78XX family(positive, negative and
variable applications; Concept Of foldback limiting, short circuit and overload protection, current boosting in
78XX series, Basic working principle of switched mode power supply (SMPS); Floating and grounded
power supplies; Multiple output power supply; Brief idea of CVT, UPS and dual track in in power supply

7. Voltage controlled Oscillator (VCO)

Function of VCO, IC NE555 based VCO, NE 566 based VCO, Applications of VCO, NE566 as
ramp generator and FM generator

8. Phase locked Loop PLL

Basic PLL operation, lock range, capture range, IC NE 565- block diagram and working, NE 565
as frequency multiplier and FM detector

Practical/Laboratory Content

1. Plot the output waveforms of R-C differentiating circuits for square wave input for
various time constants.
2. Plot the output waveforms ofR-C integrating circuits for square wave input for various
time constants.
3. Construct biased and unbiased series and shunt clipping circuits for positive and
negative peak clipping of a sine wave using switching
4. Construct a double clipper circuit using switching diodes and sources and observe the
wave shapes.
5. Construct Zener Diode and transistor clipper circuits for positive peak, negative peak
and double clipping of sine wave.
9
 6. Construct a circuit to clamp sine and square waves to their positive and negative peaks
and to a specified level.
7. Plot characteristics of OpAmpSchmitt trigger circuit and plot the input to output wave
shapes with a sine wave input.
8. Construct monostable and a stable multi-vibratorusing OpAmp and verify output.
9. Construct monostable and stable multi vibrator circuits using 555 timer and verify output.
10. Plot the VI characteristics of SCR for different gate currents.
11. Construct UJT relaxation oscillator circuit and verify output.
12. Plot the VI characteristics of aTRIAC indifferent modes .

Reference Books

1. Bhargava, N. N., Kulshreshtha, D. C., & Gupta, S. C. (2013.). Basic Electronics & Linear Circuits. Tata
Mcgraw-Hill (2nd ed.)
2. Malvino, A. P., (2017), Electronic Principles. Tata Mcgraw-Hill (7th ed.)
3. Millman, J., Halkias, C.& Parikh, C. D., (2017),Integrated Electronics. McGraw Hill Publications, (2nd
ed.)
4. Boylestad, R. L., Nashelsky, L., (2012). Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory. PHI, (10thed.)

Recommended Readings

1. https://www.udemy.com/course/analog-circuit-design-part-1-all-about-diodes-capacitor/
2. https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/analog-vs-digital/analog-and-digital-circuits
3. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/video-tutorials/analog-and-digital-electronics/
4. https://semiengineering.com/knowledge_centers/integrated-circuit/ic-types/analog-circuits/

10
 EC-PC402 - C|Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

N/A

Objectives

1. Understand the architecture of microprocessors and microcontroller

2. Understand the programming model of microprocessors and microcontrollers
3. Interface different external peripheral devices with microprocessors and microcontrollers
4. Analyze a problem and formulate appropriate computing solutions for processor or controller
based application.
5. Develop an assembly language program for specified application

Learning Outcomes

1. Demonstrate the types of power generation

2. Maintain the optimized working of the power plants
3. Apply safe practices in power plants
4. Explain various transmission and distribution systems.
5. Analyze and apply power factor improvement
6. Select the adequate mix of power generation based on economic operation

Syllabus

1. 8085 Microprocessor architecture

Organization of a microcomputer system and functions of its various blocks. Stored
program concept.Harvard and Von Newman architecture .Microprocessors and
Microcontrollers and their applications 8085 architecture- functional diagram and
description, Register organization, memory organization, IO organization.
2. Instruction set and assembly language programming of 8085
Instruction formats. Types of instructions, Instruction set. Addressing modes, Simple
programs involving various types of instructions, basic timing diagrams

11
3. Data Transfer methods
Synchronous, Asynchronous and Interrupt driven data transfer. Interrupts of 8085 and
their types. Servicing Interrupts, extending interrupts. Serial data transfer. Instructions
related to Interrupts and serial transfer.Need for DMA. Implementing DMA in 8085
processor based systems.

4. 8051 microcontrollers architecture:

8051 family of microcontrollers and its architecture, SFR, I/O ports and their functions,
Memory organization, Interfacing external memory, addressing modes,instruction set of
8051, Simple assembly language programs.
5. 8051 Real Time Control:
8051 timer/counter and its various modes of operation. Serial data transfer and its
modes. Interrupt handling.
6. Interfacing External Devices:
8255 PPI, various modes of operation., InterfacingSeven Segment Display, key board,
ADC and DAC with 8085 through PPI. Interfacing 8255 with 8051 microcontrollers.
Interfacing 8051 directly with 4x4 matrix keyboard, LEDs, ADC and DAC. Control speed
of DC motor using PWM technique. Stepper motor interfacing.

Practicals:

8085 based practicals:

1. Write program to add / subtract two 8 bit numbers (Assume data is in memory)
2. Write program to add / subtract two 16 bit numbers and store result
3. Write program to multiply two 8 bit numbers and store 16 bit result
4. Write program to divide two 8 bit numbers and store quotient and remainder
5. Write a program to display a decimal value in a seven segment display.
6. Write a program to read ADC and store digital value in memory

8051 based practicals:

1. Write 8051 program to add/ subtract two 8 bit numbers
2. Write a program to read keyboard and display the key in seven segment display
3. Write a program to read ADC output and display digital value in LEDs
4. Write a program to generate square wave using DAC
5. Write a program to vary speed of a DC motor using PWM
6. Write a program to rotate stepper motor clockwise and counter clockwise

12
 Required Readings

● Gaonkar, R. (2013). Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085.
Prentice Hall, (6th ed.)
● Deshmukh, A., (2005), The 8051 microcontroller: Theory and applications, McGraw-Hill Education
(India) Pvt Limited (
● Kumar, K. U., & Umashankar, B. S., (2008). The 8085 Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming
and Interfacing. Pearson. (1st ed.)
● Mazidi, M. (2007), The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C,
Pearson, (2nd ed.).

Recommended Readings

1. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/microprocessor_overview.htm
2. https://computer.howstuffworks.com/microprocessor.htm
3. https://www.brainspire.com/blog/what-is-a-microprocessor-and-how-does-it-work
4. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/microcontrollers_overview.htm
5. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/technical-articles/what-is-a-microcontroller-introduction-
component-characteristics-component/

13
 EC-PC403 – C Problem Solving Using PYHTON

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

Fundamentals of computer programming

Objectives

1. Discuss the Introduction and structure of Python Program

2. Explain the basic language constructs.

3. Discuss the Object Oriented Programming in Python

4. Explain the Inheriting classes in Python

5. Explain the File handling in Python

Learning Outcomes

1. Understand the primary fundamentals of Python programming

2. Understand the application of Object Oriented Programming in Python

3. Understand the Inheriting classes and file handling concepts in Python

Syllabus

1. Introduction to Python [6 Hrs]

The Programming Cycle for Python, Structure of Python Program, Type Conversion.
Basics: Expressions, Assignment Statement, Arithmetic Operators, Operator Precedence, Boolean
Expression.

2. Basic Language Constructs [14 Hrs]

Conditional statement in Python (if-else statement, its working and execution), Nested-if statement
and Elif statement in Python, Expression Evaluation.

14
 Loops : Purpose and working of loops, While loop including its working, For Loop, Nested Loops,
Break and Continue.
Function: Parts of a Function, Execution of a Function , Keyword and Default Arguments ,
Scope Rules. Iterators & Recursion.
Strings: Length of the string and perform Concatenation and Repeat operations in it. Indexing
and Slicing of Strings, Tuples, Unpacking Sequences, Lists, Mutable Sequences, List
Comprehension, Sets and Dictionaries.

3. Object Oriented Programming in Python [12 Hrs]

Classes and Objects: Introduction, classes and objects, class method and self argument, in it ()
method, class and object variables, del () method, other special methods, public and private data
members, private methods, calling a class method from another class method, built-in class
attributes, garbage collection, ,class and static methods.
Inheritance: Introduction, inheriting classes in python, types of inheritance,
composition/containership/complex objects, abstract classes and interfaces, Meta class.

4. File Handling [8 Hrs]

File types, File input and output, File operations like open(), close(), read(),read line(),read lines
(),write(), write lines(), remove(), flush(), tell(), next(), rename()

Note: Development of mini project on the basis of the knowledge gained

Practical/Laboratory Content

1. Create a program that asks the user to enter their name and year of birth and print the age
2. Program to enter a number by the user and depending on whether the number is even or odd, print
out an appropriate message to the user.
3. Write a program to generate the Fibonacci series.
4. Write a recursive function to print the factorial for a given number.
5. Write a program that takes two lists and returns True if they have at least one common member.
6. Write a program to count the numbers of characters in the string and store them in a dictionary data
structure.
7. Find mean, median, mode for the given set of numbers in a list
8. Write a program to concatenate two dictionaries to create a new one.
9. Write a Python program to append text to a file and display the text
10. Write a program to create a simple class and print the message “ Welcome to Python” and print the
address of instance of the class
11. Write a program to pass an object as parameter to a method
12. Write a program to inherit the attributes of the parent class to a child class

15
 Required Readings

● Allen B. Downey, (2016). Think Python: How to Think Like a Computer Scientist, 2nd edition. Updated
for Python 3, Shroff/O‘Reilly Publishers.

● Guido van Rossum and Fred L. Drake Jr (2011).An Introduction to Python. Network Theory Ltd.

Recommended Readings

● John V Guttag (2013). Introduction to Computation and Programming Using Python, Revised and
expanded Edition. MIT Press.

● .Robert Sedgewick, Kevin Wayne, Robert Dondero (2016).Introduction to Programming in Python: An

Interdisciplinary Approach. Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd.

EC-PE403-C | Fundamentals of Communication Engineering

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prer
equisite

Digital Electronics

Objectives

1. Maintain electronic communication equipment and circuits related to this area.

2. Develop in depth understanding of all concepts and principles so that they may learn
advance courses.

Learning Outcomes

1. Explain the concept and need of modulation

2. Derive the mathematical expressions for Amplitude Modulated wave and Frequency modulated
wave.
3. Explain the working of different types of AM & FM Modulators.
4. Explain the working of different types of AM & FM Demodulators.
5. Analyze various pulse analog and pulse digital modulation techniques
6. Analyze PCM technique and delta modulation technique
7. Explain the block diagram of digital communication system
16
Syllabus

1. Amplitude Modulation
Introduction to modulation, Need for modulation, Definition of Amplitude Modulation, Derivation for
mathematical expression of amplitude modulated wave showing Carrier and side band components.
Significance of Modulation index, spectrum and bandwidth of AM wave, relative power distribution in
carrier and sidebands.
Elementary idea of DSB-FC, DSB-SC, SSB-SC, ISB and VSB modulations, their comparison and
areas of applications.

2. Angle Modulation
Definition of Frequency Modulation, Derivation of mathematical expression for Frequency Modulated
wave and its frequency spectrum (without proof and analysis of Bessel function), Modulation index,
Maximum frequency deviation and deviation ratio, BW of FM Signals, Advantages and Disadvantages
of FM over AM in communication system, Definition of Phase Modulation, Mathematical Expression
for phase modulated wave, modulation index, comparison with frequency modulation.

3. Working principles of the following AM Modulators

Collector Modulator
Balanced Modulator.

4. Working principles of the following FM Modulators

Reactance transistor modulator and
Armstrong phase modulator

5. Working principles of the following AM Demodulators

Diode detector circuit and
Synchronous detector circuit

6. Working Principles of the following FM demodulators

Slope detector
Foster-Seeley Discriminator and
Ratio Detector

7. Pulse Analog and Pulse Digital Modulation

Statement of sampling theorem and elementary idea of sampling frequency for pulse modulation,
Basic concepts of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)
Basic idea about pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse width modulation (PWM), pulse position
modulation (PPM) and their typical applications
Pulse code modulation (PCM): Basic scheme of PCM system, Quantization, quantization error,
advantages of PCM systems, Basic idea about differential PCM (DPCM) system
Delta modulation: Basic principle of delta modulation system, advantages of delta modulation over
PCM system.
Elements of Digital communication system with its block diagram: source, channel,
transmitter and receiver. Advantages and disadvantages of Digital communication over
analog communication .

Practical/Laboratory Content
17
 1. To obtain an AM wave on CRO by a standard RF signal generator using (i) internal modulation and
(ii) External modulation. Also to measure the modulation index of the obtained AM wave.

2. To obtain an AM wave on CRO from (i) Collector modulator circuit and (ii) Balanced modulator circuit.
Also to measure index of modulation of the AM signal for different levels of modulating signal.

3. To obtain a FM wave from (i) reactance transistor modulator circuit and (ii) Armstrong FM modulator
circuit. Also, to measure the frequency deviation for different modulating signals.

4. To obtain modulating signal from an AM diode detector circuit and observe the pattern for different
RC time constants and obtain its optimum value for least distortion.

5. To obtain modulating signal from a FM detector (Foster Seely/Ratio detector) circuit and plot the
discriminator characteristics.

6. To observe the sampled signal and compare it with the analog input signal. Note the effect of varying
the sampling pulse width and frequency on the sampled output.

7. To verify the sampling theorem.

8. Observe waveforms at input and output of a TDM and FDM circuit

9. To observe and note the pulse modulated signals (PAM, PPM, PWM) and compare them with the
corresponding analog input signal.

10. To measure the quantization noise in a 3 bit/4 bit coded PCM signal.

11. To feed an analog signal to a PCM modulator and compare demodulated signal with the analog
input.

12. To study the process of delta modulation/demodulation.

Required Readings

1. Taub, H., & Schilling, D. L. (2017). Principles of Communication Systems. Tata McGraw Hill, (4th ed.)
2. Anand, R. (n.d.). Communication Systems. Khanna Publishing House, Delhi.
3. Singh, A., & Chhabra, A. K. (1999), Principles of Communication Engineering. S.Chand & Company.
18
Reference Books

1. Lathi, B. P. (2011), Modern Digital and Analog communication Systems, Oxford University Press, (3rd
ed.).
2. Haykin, S. (2006). Communication Systems, Wiley India, (4th ed.).
3. HSU, H. P., & Mitra, D. (2016). Analog and Digital Communications, Tata McGraw-Hill, (3rd ed.)

19
 EC-PR401-C | Minor Project

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

0 0 4 2

Pre-requisites

N/A

Objectives

1. Make small scale projects and develop hands-on experience of working on a project.
2. Provide exposure to basic practices followed in the domain of electronics engineering.
3. Develop confidence amongst the students to enable them to use and apply acquired technical
knowledge and skills to solve practical problems of electronics engineering.

List of Projects:

1. Regulated Power Supply

2. Astable multivibrator using 555 Timer IC/Transistor/Op-amp IC 741
3. Integrator and Differentiator using Op-amp IC 741
4. RC Coupled Two Stage Amplifier
5. Touch plate switches by using 555 Timer IC/Transistor
6. Door bell/cordless bell using 555 Timer IC/Transistor
7. Clapping switch and IR switch using
8. Blinking parking light using 555 Timer IC circuit
9. Sirens and hooters using 555 Timer IC circuit
10. Security alarm using 555 Timer IC circuit
11. Blinking parking light using 555 Timer IC circuit
12. Disco light using 555 Timer IC circuit
13. Lamp dimmer circuit using SCR circuit
14. Cell charger, battery charger, mobile charger using transistor or 555 Timer IC
15. Fire/Smoke/Intruder alarm using 555 Timer IC.

20
 EC- PC401- M | Analog Electronics-III

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Pre-requisites

N/A

Objectives

1. Understand the basics of construction, working and applications of various types of electronic
components such as Thyristors and UJT, transient phenomena of R-C,R-Lcircuits, such as
Clipper, Clamper, multivibrator, time-base circuits; regulated power supply, VCO and PLL.
2. Maintain electronic circuits and in turn maintain equipment having such circuits.

Learning Outcomes

1. Understand transient phenomena R-C, R-L. and understand working of clipper and clamper
2. Explain the working of SCR,UJT and their applications.
3. Explain different types of timer ICs.
4. Understand the fabrication process of integrated circuit.
5. Design circuits like Regulated power supply, UPS, CVT,VCO,PLL, Time Base circuit .

Syllabus

1. Wave shaping Circuits

General idea about different wave shapes; Transient phenomena in R-C and R-L circuits; R-C and R-
L differentiating and integrating circuits; Clipping circuits; Diode clippers- series and shunt biased type;
Double clipper circuits; Zener diode clipper circuits; Use of transistors for clipping and clamping
circuits; Diode clamping circuit for clamping to negative peak, positive peak or any other level for
different input waveforms.

2. Thyristors and UJT

Characteristics, working principle and application of SCR, TRIAC, DIAC, SCS, SBS and LASCR;
Basic structure, principle of operation and VI characteristics of UJT; Working of UJT as relaxation
oscillator and its use in triggering of SCR.
21
3. Integrated Electronics

Introduction, advantages and disadvantages of ICs; Classification of ICs based on size and fabrication
methods; Fabrication of transistors by planar process, a typical fabrication process for monolithic
integrated circuits.

4. Timer

Purpose of Timer IC, Block diagram of 555 Timer IC and its working, 555 Timer as monostable, astable
and bistable multivibrators; FSK generator and Pulse position Modulator; OpAmp based monostable
and astable multivibrators; Schmitt Trigger circuit.

5. TimeBaseCircuits

Need of timebase or sweep waveforms; special features of time base signals; Voltage time base
circuits; Current time base circuits; Bootstrap time base generator; Miller time base generator; UJT
sweep generator.

6. RegulatedPowerSupply

Concept of regulation; Performance parameters of regulated power supplies;Series and Shunt

regulators using transistors and OPAmp; Three terminal voltage regulator ICs 78XX family(positive,
negative and variable applications; Concepts of foldback limiting, short circuit and overload protection,
current boosting in 78XX series, Basic working principle of switched mode power supply (SMPS);
Floating and grounded power supplies; Multiple output power supply; Brief idea of CVT, UPS and dual
track in in power supply.

7. Voltage controlled Oscillator (VCO)

Function of VCO, IC NE555 based VCO, NE 566 based VCO, Applications of VCO, NE566 as ramp
generator and FM generator.

8. Phase locked Loop PLL

Basic PLL operation, lock range, capture range, IC NE 565- block diagram and working, NE
565 as frequency multiplier and FM detector

Lists of Practicals:

1. Plot the output waveforms of R-C differentiating circuits for square wave input for various time
constants.
2. Plot the output waveforms of R-C integrating circuits for square wave input for various time constants.
3. Construct biased and unbiased series and shunt clipping circuits for positive and negative peak clipping
of a sine wave using switching
4. Construct a double clipper circuit using switching diodes and sources and observe the wave shapes.
5. Construct Zenerdiode and transistor clipper circuits for positive peak, negative peak and double
clipping of sine wave.
22
6. Construct a circuit to clamp sine and square waves to their positive and negative peaks and to a
specified level.
7. Plot characteristics of OpAmpSchmitt trigger circuit and plot the input to output wave shapes with a
sine wave input.
8. Construct monostable and a stable multi vibratorusing OpAmp and verify output.
9. Construct monostable and stable multi vibrator circuits using 555 timer and verify output.
10. Plot the VI characteristics of SCR for different gate currents.
11. Construct UJT relaxation oscillator circuit and verify output.
12. Plot the VI characteristics of aTRIAC indifferent modes

Reference Books

1. Bhargava, N. N., Kulshreshtha, D. C., & Gupta, S. C. (2013.). Basic Electronics & Linear Circuits. Tata
Mcgraw-Hill (2nd ed.)
2. Malvino, A. P., (2017), Electronic Principles. Tata Mcgraw-Hill (7th ed.)
3. Millman, J., Halkias, C.& Parikh, C. D., (2017),Integrated Electronics. McGraw Hill Publications, (2nd
ed.)
4. Boylestad, R. L., Nashelsky, L., (2012). Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory. PHI, (10thed.)

Recommended Reading

1. https://www.udemy.com/course/analog-circuit-design-part-1-all-about-diodes-capacitor/
2. https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/analog-vs-digital/analog-and-digital-circuits
3. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/video-tutorials/analog-and-digital-electronics/
4. https://semiengineering.com/knowledge_centers/integrated-circuit/ic-types/analog-circuits/

23
 EC-PC402-M | Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

N/A

Objectives

• Understand the architecture of microprocessors and microcontroller

• Understand the programming model of microprocessors and microcontrollers
• Interface different external peripheral devices with microprocessors and microcontrollers
• Analyze a problem and formulate appropriate computing solutions for processor or controller based
application.
• Develop an assembly language program for specified application

Learning Outcomes

1. Demonstrate the types of power generation

2. Maintain the optimized working of the power plants
3. Apply safe practices in power plants
4. Explain various transmission and distribution systems.
5. Analyze and apply power factor improvement
6. Select the adequate mix of power generation based on economic operation

Syllabus

1. 8085 Microprocessor architecture

Organization of a microcomputer system and functions of its various blocks. Stored program concept
.Harvard and Von Newman architecture .Microprocessors and Microcontrollers and their applications
8085 architecture- functional diagram and description, Register organization, memory organization,
IO orgazisation..
2. Instruction set and assembly language programming of 8085
Instruction formats. Types of instructions, Instruction set. Addressing modes, Simple programs
involving various types of instructions, basic timing diagrams
24
 3. Data Transfer methods
Synchronous, Asynchronous and Interrupt driven data transfer. Interrupts of 8085 and their types.
Servicing Interrupts, extending interrupts. Serial data transfer. Instructions related to Interrupts and
serial transfer. Need for DMA. Implementing DMA in 8085 processor based systems .

4. 8051 microcontrollers architecture:

8051 family of microcontrollers and its architecture, SFR, I/O ports and their functions, Memory
organization, Interfacing external memory, addressing modes,instruction set of 8051, Simple
assembly language programs.
5. 8051 Real Time Control:
8051 timer/counter and its various modes of operation. Serial data transfer and its modes. Interrupt
handling.
6. Interfacing External Devices:
8255 PPI, various modes of operation., Interfacing Seven Segment Display, key board, ADC and
DAC with 8085 through PPI. Interfacing 8255 with 8051 microcontrollers. Interfacing 8051 directly
with 4x4 matrix keyboard, LEDs, ADC and DAC. Control speed of DC motor using PWM technique.
Stepper motor interfacing.

Practicals:

8085 based practicals:

• Write program to add / subtract two 8 bit numbers (Assume data is in memory)
• Write program to add / subtract two 16 bit numbers and store result
• Write program to multiply two 8 bit numbers and store 16 bit result
• Write program to divide two 8 bit numbers and store quotient and remainder
• Write a program to display a decimal value in a seven segment display.
• Write a program to read ADC and store digital value in memory

8051 based practicals:

• Write 8051 program to add/ subtract two 8 bit numbers
• Write a program to read keyboard and display the key in seven segment display
• Write a program to read ADC output and display digital value in LEDs
• Write a program to generate square wave using DAC
• Write a program to vary speed of a DC motor using PWM
• Write a program to rotate stepper motor clockwise and counter clockwise

25
 Reference Books

● Gaonkar, R. (2013). Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085.
Prentice Hall, (6th ed.)
● Deshmukh, A., (2005), The 8051 microcontroller: Theory and applications, McGraw-Hill Education
(India) Pvt Limited
● Kumar, K. U., & Umashankar, B. S., (2008). The 8085 Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming
and Interfacing. Pearson. (1st ed.)
● Mazidi, M. (2007), The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C,
Pearson, (2nd ed.)

Recommended Readings

1. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/microprocessor_overview.htm
2. https://computer.howstuffworks.com/microprocessor.htm
3. https://www.brainspire.com/blog/what-is-a-microprocessor-and-how-does-it-work
4. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/microcontrollers_overview.htm
5. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/technical-articles/what-is-a-microcontroller-introduction-
component-characteristics-component/

26
 EC-PC403 – M Problem Solving Using PYHTON

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

Fundamentals of computer programming

Objectives

6. Discuss the Introduction and structure of Python Program

7. Explain the basic language constructs.

8. Discuss the Object Oriented Programming in Python

9. Explain the Inheriting classes in Python

10. Explain the File handling in Python

Learning Outcomes

4. Understand the primary fundamentals of Python programming

5. Understand the application of Object Oriented Programming in Python

6. Understand the Inheriting classes and file handling concepts in Python

Syllabus

5. Introduction to Python [6 Hrs]

The Programming Cycle for Python, Structure of Python Program, Type Conversion.
Basics: Expressions, Assignment Statement, Arithmetic Operators, Operator Precedence, Boolean
Expression.

6. Basic Language Constructs [14 Hrs]

Conditional statement in Python (if-else statement, its working and execution), Nested-if statement
and Elif statement in Python, Expression Evaluation.

27
 Loops : Purpose and working of loops, While loop including its working, For Loop, Nested Loops,
Break and Continue.
Function: Parts of a Function, Execution of a Function , Keyword and Default Arguments ,
Scope Rules. Iterators & Recursion.
Strings: Length of the string and perform Concatenation and Repeat operations in it. Indexing
and Slicing of Strings, Tuples, Unpacking Sequences, Lists, Mutable Sequences, List
Comprehension, Sets and Dictionaries.

7. Object Oriented Programming in Python [12 Hrs]

Classes and Objects: Introduction, classes and objects, class method and self argument, in it ()
method, class and object variables, del () method, other special methods, public and private data
members, private methods, calling a class method from another class method, built-in class
attributes, garbage collection, ,class and static methods.
Inheritance: Introduction, inheriting classes in python, types of inheritance,
composition/containership/complex objects, abstract classes and interfaces, Meta class.

8. File Handling [8 Hrs]

File types, File input and output, File operations like open(), close(), read(),read line(),read lines
(),write(), write lines(), remove(), flush(), tell(), next(), rename()

Note: Development of mini project on the basis of the knowledge gained

Practical/Laboratory Content

13. Create a program that asks the user to enter their name and year of birth and print the age
14. Program to enter a number by the user and depending on whether the number is even or odd, print
out an appropriate message to the user.
15. Write a program to generate the Fibonacci series.
16. Write a recursive function to print the factorial for a given number.
17. Write a program that takes two lists and returns True if they have at least one common member.
18. Write a program to count the numbers of characters in the string and store them in a dictionary data
structure.
19. Find mean, median, mode for the given set of numbers in a list
20. Write a program to concatenate two dictionaries to create a new one.
21. Write a Python program to append text to a file and display the text
22. Write a program to create a simple class and print the message “ Welcome to Python” and print the
address of instance of the class
23. Write a program to pass an object as parameter to a method
24. Write a program to inherit the attributes of the parent class to a child class

28
 Required Readings

● Allen B. Downey, (2016). Think Python: How to Think Like a Computer Scientist, 2nd edition. Updated
for Python 3, Shroff/O‘Reilly Publishers.

● Guido van Rossum and Fred L. Drake Jr (2011).An Introduction to Python. Network Theory Ltd.

Recommended Readings

● John V Guttag (2013). Introduction to Computation and Programming Using Python, Revised and
expanded Edition. MIT Press.

● .Robert Sedgewick, Kevin Wayne, Robert Dondero (2016).Introduction to Programming in Python: An

Interdisciplinary Approach. Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd.

29
 EC-PE401-M Bio Signal & Systems
TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

N/A

Objectives

1. Specialize in Bio-medical electronics.

2. Understand the anatomy and physiology of the human body.
3. Understand biological signals generated in the body, their signal conditioning and recording.
4. Understand machines used in recording of these parameters.

Learning Outcomes

1. Interpret the function of the human body cell and blood system in the body.
2. Identify the Krokoff sound with relation to cardiac activity
3. Summarize different types of electrodes for different purposes.
4. Investigate different biosignals using different medical equipment.

Syllabus

1. Cell and Transducers

• Cell: Structure and function of human body cell, Composition of human Blood, Cellular Contents
of Blood & Function of Blood, Arteries & Vein
• Bio electric signals: Origin of bioelectric signals, Generation and propagation of action potential,
Tissue interface, Contact impedance, Half-cell potential, Types of biological signals generated in
body.
• Transducers: Basic Requirements of a Sensor or Transducer, Criteria to Choose a Sensor,
Characteristics of transducers,
• Resistive, Capacitive & inductive transducers, Application as LVDT & Strain Gauge,
Thermocouple, Thermistor, Invasive pressure transducer, Catheter tip transducer
• Types of electrodes: (i) Non-Invasive Electrodes (ii) Invasive Electrodes (iii) Micro Electrodes.
Types of electrodes use in ECG, EMG & EEG signal acquisition.

1. BIO POTENTIAL AMPLIFIER

• Principle of Bio Potential Amplifier. Inverting & Non-inverting amplifier.
30
 • Multiple input circuits.
• Differential Amplifier and Instrumentation amplifier.
• Isolation amplifier and input guarding.

2. ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (ECG)
• Anatomy & Physiology of Heart, Circulation of Blood in cardiovascular system
• Cardiac Output, Blood Pressure, Different types of Krokoff sounds
• Electrical activity of the heart, ECG signal wave form,
• ECG Machine: Block diagram and working principle of ECG machine, Lead configuration and
application.
• Treadmill Test System (TMT), Holter Monitoring: Working principle and application.

3. ELECTROMYOGRAM (EMG)
• Overview of Muscular Tissue, Skeletal Muscle Tissue, Contraction and Relaxation of Skeletal
Muscle Fibers, Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibers, Control of Muscle Tension
• EMG Machine block diagram & working principle, application.
4. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (EEG)
• Structure of Neuron, Central Nervous System (CNS), Anatomy of Brain and Spinal Cord
• Different type of signal generated in Brain, Signal transmission in peripheral nervous system
• EEG Machine: Block diagram, working principle and Lead configuration in EEG machine.
Different EEG waveforms and applications.

Practicals:

1. Study of pathway for blood circulation in human body using simulation software.
2. Identify different parts of cardiovascular system using 3D model/ 3D simulation software.
3. Multiple Bio-signal acquisition and study using bio potential recording system.
4. Study input and output of an Instrumentation amplifier.
5. Study the different parts of ECG machine and record ECG signal and troubleshooting.
6. Study the different parts of EMG machine and record EMG signal and troubleshooting.
7. Study the different parts of EEG machine and record EEG signal and troubleshooting.
8. Study the construction of different types of electrodes used in medical services.
9. Observe Krokoff sound using stethoscope and record BP using Sphygmomanometer.

Required Readings

• Button, V., (2015), Principles of Measurement and Transduction of Biomedical Variables, Academic
Press, (1st ed.).
• Khandpur, R. S., (2014), HANDBOOK OF BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION, McGraw-Hill Education
India, (3rd ed.)
• Ingawale, D. K., Mandlik, S. K., (2019), Human Anatomy and Physiology Book, Nirali Prakashan (4th
ed.).

Recommended Readings
• https://www.zygotebody.com/
31
• https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.catfishanimationstudio.MuscularSystemLite
• https://bmsp-coep.vlabs.ac.in/List%20of%20experiments.html?domain=Biotechnology
• http://cbi-au.vlabs.ac.in/
• https://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=78&sim=1135&cnt=1

32
 EC-PR401-M | Minor Project

Teaching Scheme

Theory hours per Tutorial hours per Practical Hours per

Credit
week week week
0 0 4 2

Pre-requisites

N/A

Objectives

1. Make small scale projects and develop hands-on experience of working on a project.
2. Provide exposure to basic practices followed in the domain of electronics engineering.
3. Develop confidence amongst the students to enable them to use and apply acquired technical
knowledge and skills to solve practical problems of electronics engineering.

List of Projects:

1. Regulated Power Supply

2. Astable multivibrator using 555 Timer IC/Transistor/Op-amp IC 741
3. Integrator and Differentiator using Op-amp IC 741
4. RC Coupled Two Stage Amplifier
5. Touch plate switches by using 555 Timer IC/Transistor
6. Door bell/cordless bell using 555 Timer IC/Transistor
7. Clapping switch and IR switch using
8. Blinking parking light using 555 Timer IC circuit
9. Sirens and hooters using 555 Timer IC circuit
10. Security alarm using 555 Timer IC circuit
11. Blinking parking light using 555 Timer IC circuit
12. Disco light using 555 Timer IC circuit
13. Lamp dimmer circuit using SCR circuit
14. Cell charger, battery charger, mobile charger using transistor or 555 Timer IC

33
 EC-PC401 – I |Analog Electronics - III

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

Kirchhoff’s current and voltage laws, and full understanding of transistor operation and small-signal
modeling.

Objectives

1. Understand the basics of construction, working and applications of various types of electronic
components such as Thyristors and UJT, transient phenomena.
2. Maintain Clipper, Clamper,multivibrator, time-base circuits; regulated power supply, VCO
andPLL circuits and in turn maintain equipment having such circuits.

Learning Outcomes

1. Understand transient phenomena R-C, R-L. and understand working of clipper and clamper
2. Explain the working of SCR,UJT and their applications.
3. Explain different types of timer ICs.
4. Understand the fabrication process of integrated circuits.
5. Design circuits like Regulated power supply, UPS, CVT,VCO,PLL, Time Base circuit.

Syllabus

1. Waveshaping Circuits
General idea about different wave shapes; Transient phenomena in R-C and R-L circuits; R-C
and R-L differentiating and integrating circuits; Clipping circuits; Diode clippers- series and
shunt biased type; Double clipper circuits; Zener diode clipper circuits; Use of transistors for
clipping and clamping circuits; Diode clamping circuit for clamping to negative peak, positive
peak or any other level for different input waveforms.

2. Thyristors and UJT

Characteristics, working principle and application of SCR, TRIAC, DIAC, SCS, SBS and
LASCR; Basic structure, principle of operation and VI characteristics of UJT; Working of UJT
as relaxation oscillator and its use in triggering of SCR
3. Integrated Electronics
Introduction, advantages and disadvantages of ICs; Classification of ICs based on Size and
34
 fabrication methods; Fabrication of transistors by planar process, a typical Fabrication process
for monolithic integrated circuits.
4. Timer IC

Purpose of Timer IC, Block diagram of 555 Timer IC and its working, 555 Timer as
monostable,astable and bistable multivibrators; FSK generator and Pulse position Modulation;
OpAmp based monostable and astable multivibrators; Schmitt Trigger circuit.

5. Time-BaseCircuits

Need of time-base or sweep waveforms; special features of time base signals; Voltage time base
circuits; Current time base circuits; Bootstrap time base generator; Miller time base generator; UJT
sweep generator.

6. RegulatedPowerSupply

Concept of regulation; Performance parameters of regulated power supplies; Series and Shunt
regulatorsusing transistors and OPAmp; Three terminal voltage regulator ICs 78XX
family(positive, negative and variable applications; Concept Of foldback limiting, short circuit and
overload protection, current boosting in 78XX series, Basic working principle of switched mode
power supply (SMPS); Floating and grounded power supplies; Multiple output power supply; Brief
idea of CVT, UPS and dual track in in power supply

7. Voltage controlled Oscillator (VCO)

Function of VCO, IC NE555 based VCO, NE 566 based VCO, Applications of VCO, NE566 as
ramp generator and FM generator

8. Phase locked Loop PLL

Basic PLL operation, lock range, capture range, IC NE 565- block diagram and working, NE 565
as frequency multiplier and FM detector

Practical/Laboratory Content

1. Plot the output waveforms of R-C differentiating circuits for square wave input for various
time constants.
2. Plot the output waveforms ofR-C integrating circuits for square wave input for various time
constants.
3. Construct biased and unbiased series and shunt clipping circuits for positive and negative
peak clipping of a sine wave using switching
4. Construct a double clipper circuit using switching diodes and sources and observe the wave
shapes.
5. Construct Zener Diode and transistor clipper circuits for positive peak, negative peak and

35
 double clipping of sine wave.
6. Construct a circuit to clamp sine and square waves to their positive and negative peaks and
to a specified level.
7. Plot characteristics of OpAmpSchmitt trigger circuit and plot the input to output wave shapes
with a sine wave input.
8. Construct monostable and a stable multi-vibratorusing OpAmp and verify output.
9. Construct monostable and stable multi vibrator circuits using 555 timer and verify output.
10. Plot the VI characteristics of SCR for different gate currents.
11. Construct UJT relaxation oscillator circuit and verify output.
12. Plot the VI characteristics of aTRIAC indifferent modes .

Required Readings

1. Bhargava, N. N., Kulshreshtha, D. C., & Gupta, S. C. (2013.). Basic Electronics & Linear Circuits. Tata
Mcgraw-Hill (2nd ed.)
2. Malvino, A. P., (2017), Electronic Principles. Tata Mcgraw-Hill (7th ed.)
3. Millman, J., Halkias, C.& Parikh, C. D., (2017),Integrated Electronics. McGraw Hill Publications, (2nd
ed.)
4. Boylestad, R. L., Nashelsky, L., (2012). Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory. PHI, (10thed.)

Recommended Readings
1. https://www.udemy.com/course/analog-circuit-design-part-1-all-about-diodes-capacitor/
2. https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/analog-vs-digital/analog-and-digital-circuits
3. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/video-tutorials/analog-and-digital-electronics/
4. https://semiengineering.com/knowledge_centers/integrated-circuit/ic-types/analog-circuits/

36
 EC-PC402 – I |Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

N/A

Objectives

1. Understand the architecture of microprocessors and microcontroller

2. Understand the programming model of microprocessors and microcontrollers
3. Interface different external peripheral devices with microprocessors and microcontrollers
4. Analyze a problem and formulate appropriate computing solutions for processor or controller based
application.
5. Develop an assembly language program for specified application

Learning Outcomes

1. Demonstrate the types of power generation

2. Maintain the optimized working of the power plants
3. Apply safe practices in power plants
4. Explain various transmission and distribution systems.
5. Analyze and apply power factor improvement
6. Select the adequate mix of power generation based on economic operation

Syllabus

1. 8085 Microprocessor architecture

Organization of a microcomputer system and functions of its various blocks. Stored program concept .
Harvard and Von Newman architecture .Microprocessors and Microcontrollers and their applications
8085 architecture- functional diagram and description, Register organization, memory organization, IO
organization..
2. Instruction set and assembly language programming of 8085
Instruction formats. Types of instructions, Instruction set. Addressing modes, Simple programs involving
various types of instructions, basic timing diagrams

37
3. Data Transfer methods
Synchronous, Asynchronous and Interrupt driven data transfer. Interrupts of 8085 and their types.
Servicing Interrupts, extending interrupts. Serial data transfer. Instructions related to Interrupts and
serial transfer. Need for DMA. Implementing DMA in 8085 processor based systems .

4. 8051 microcontrollers architecture:

8051 family of microcontrollers and its architecture, SFR, I/O ports and their functions, Memory
organization, interfacing external memory, addressing modes,instruction set of 8051, Simple
assembly language programs.
5. 8051 Real Time Control:
8051 timer/counter and its various modes of operation. Serial data transfer and its modes. Interrupt
handling.
6. Interfacing External Devices:
8255 PPI, various modes of operation., Interfacing Seven Segment Display, key board, ADC and DAC
with 8085 through PPI. Interfacing 8255 with 8051 microcontrollers. Interfacing 8051 directly with 4x4
matrix keyboard, LEDs, ADC and DAC. Control speed of DC motor using PWM technique. Stepper
motor interfacing.

Practicals:

8085 based practicals:

1. Write program to add / subtract two 8 bit numbers (Assume data is in memory)
2. Write program to add / subtract two 16 bit numbers and store result
3. Write program to multiply two 8 bit numbers and store 16 bit result
4. Write program to divide two 8 bit numbers and store quotient and remainder
5. Write a program to display a decimal value in a seven segment display.
6. Write a program to read ADC and store digital value in memory

8051 based practicals:

1. Write 8051 program to add/ subtract two 8 bit numbers
2. Write a program to read keyboard and display the key in seven segment display
3. Write a program to read ADC output and display digital value in LEDs
4. Write a program to generate square wave using DAC
5. Write a program to vary speed of a DC motor using PWM
6. Write a program to rotate stepper motor clockwise and counter clockwise

38
Reference Books

1. Gaonkar, R. (2013). Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085.
Prentice Hall, (6th ed.)
2. Deshmukh, A., (2005), The 8051 microcontroller: Theory and applications, McGraw-Hill Education
(India) Pvt Limited (
3. Kumar, K. U., & Umashankar, B. S., (2008). The 8085 Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming
and Interfacing. Pearson. (1st ed.)
4. Mazidi, M. (2007), The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C,
Pearson, (2nd ed.).

Recommended Readings

1. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/microprocessor_overview.htm
2. https://computer.howstuffworks.com/microprocessor.htm
3. https://www.brainspire.com/blog/what-is-a-microprocessor-and-how-does-it-work
4. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/microcontrollers_overview.htm
5. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/technical-articles/what-is-a-microcontroller-introduction-
component-characteristics-component/

39
 EC-PC403 – I Problem Solving Using PYHTON

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

Fundamentals of computer programming

Objectives

11. Discuss the Introduction and structure of Python Program

12. Explain the basic language constructs.

13. Discuss the Object Oriented Programming in Python

14. Explain the Inheriting classes in Python

15. Explain the File handling in Python

Learning Outcomes

7. Understand the primary fundamentals of Python programming

8. Understand the application of Object Oriented Programming in Python

9. Understand the Inheriting classes and file handling concepts in Python

Syllabus

9. Introduction to Python [6 Hrs]

The Programming Cycle for Python, Structure of Python Program, Type Conversion.
Basics: Expressions, Assignment Statement, Arithmetic Operators, Operator Precedence, Boolean
Expression.

10. Basic Language Constructs [14 Hrs]

Conditional statement in Python (if-else statement, its working and execution), Nested-if statement
and Elif statement in Python, Expression Evaluation.

40
 Loops : Purpose and working of loops, While loop including its working, For Loop, Nested Loops,
Break and Continue.
Function: Parts of a Function, Execution of a Function , Keyword and Default Arguments ,
Scope Rules. Iterators & Recursion.
Strings: Length of the string and perform Concatenation and Repeat operations in it. Indexing
and Slicing of Strings, Tuples, Unpacking Sequences, Lists, Mutable Sequences, List
Comprehension, Sets and Dictionaries.

11. Object Oriented Programming in Python [12 Hrs]

Classes and Objects: Introduction, classes and objects, class method and self argument, in it ()
method, class and object variables, del () method, other special methods, public and private data
members, private methods, calling a class method from another class method, built-in class
attributes, garbage collection, ,class and static methods.
Inheritance: Introduction, inheriting classes in python, types of inheritance,
composition/containership/complex objects, abstract classes and interfaces, Meta class.

12. File Handling [8 Hrs]

File types, File input and output, File operations like open(), close(), read(),read line(),read lines
(),write(), write lines(), remove(), flush(), tell(), next(), rename()

Note: Development of mini project on the basis of the knowledge gained

Practical/Laboratory Content

25. Create a program that asks the user to enter their name and year of birth and print the age
26. Program to enter a number by the user and depending on whether the number is even or odd, print
out an appropriate message to the user.
27. Write a program to generate the Fibonacci series.
28. Write a recursive function to print the factorial for a given number.
29. Write a program that takes two lists and returns True if they have at least one common member.
30. Write a program to count the numbers of characters in the string and store them in a dictionary data
structure.
31. Find mean, median, mode for the given set of numbers in a list
32. Write a program to concatenate two dictionaries to create a new one.
33. Write a Python program to append text to a file and display the text
34. Write a program to create a simple class and print the message “ Welcome to Python” and print the
address of instance of the class
35. Write a program to pass an object as parameter to a method
36. Write a program to inherit the attributes of the parent class to a child class

41
 Required Readings

● Allen B. Downey, (2016). Think Python: How to Think Like a Computer Scientist, 2nd edition. Updated
for Python 3, Shroff/O‘Reilly Publishers.

● Guido van Rossum and Fred L. Drake Jr (2011).An Introduction to Python. Network Theory Ltd.

Recommended Readings

● John V Guttag (2013). Introduction to Computation and Programming Using Python, Revised and
expanded Edition. MIT Press.

● .Robert Sedgewick, Kevin Wayne, Robert Dondero (2016).Introduction to Programming in Python: An

Interdisciplinary Approach. Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd.

42
 EC-PC401-I | Transducers & Sensors

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

N/A

Objectives

1. Understand the need of sensors and transducer for measurement.

2. Learn the basic I/O characteristics of different types of transducers and sensors and using the same
in different applications.

Learning Outcomes

1. Discuss need and classification of sensors and transducers.

2. Conduct experiments on measurement of industrial parameters.
3. Identify and solve problems of measurement using sensors and transducers.
4. Select sensors and transducers for measurement applications

Syllabus

1. Introduction
Definition of measurement,sensor, transducer, instrumentation .Types of sensor & transducer,
difference between transducer and sensor. Parts of instrumentation system (with an example). Block
diagram of control system, controller and its types.
2. Performance Characteristics of Instruments
Concept of time constant, response time, natural frequency, damping coefficient.Order of
instruments.Step response of 1 st& 2nd order instrument.

3. Variable Resistance Transducers

Basic principles; Potentiometers-construction & characteristic, strain gauges – load cells – temperature
compensation – applications.
Hot wire anemometers; photo resistors, Humidity sensor.
Resistive temperature transducers/RTD (Pt-100), Thermocouple: Construction, chrematistic, types.
Thermister (NTC, PTC), Construction, characteristics, applications, carbon microphones.
4. Variable Inductance& Capacitance Transducers.
Basic principles, El pick ups induction potentiometers, LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer),
variable reluctance accelerometers, capacitance pickups, types, Proximity sensors & its types,
condenser microphones, differential capacitance pick ups – signal conditioning circuits. Measurement
43
 of pressure, liquid level, moisture etc.

5. Piezo Electric Transducers

Piezoelectric crystals structure and their properties, equivalent circuit, general forms of piezoelectric
transducers, accelerometers, Piezo-electric force, strain, torque and pressure transducer.
6. Magnetoastrictive Transducers.
Magneto elastic property of nickel and perm alloy. Measurement of force, acceleration, torque.
7. Other Transducers

Based on Hall Effect, eddy current, ionization.

Optical transducers (LDR, Photodiode, Phototransistor, Opto-coupler).
Single shaft encoders.
Thermocouple sensor, photo voltaic cell.
Tachogenerator.
Synchros
Accelerometer and its types
Servo Motor (AC & DC)
Selection of sensors for measurement of following parameters: Temperature, pressure, flow and level,
vibration, displacement, speed.
8. SignalConditioning:Principles:
Wheat stone Bridge circuits
Operational Amplifiers :characteristics
Inverting and non-inverting Amplifier
Current to voltage converter
Voltage to current converter
Stepper Motor: construction & working.

Practicals:

1. Study of strain measurement using strain gauges and cantilever assembly & Determination of linear
range of operation of strain measurement.

2. Study of calibration & linearity in the load cell & observe the variation in voltage across the Wheatstone
bridge after signal processing with variation in loads. Study "TARE" in Load cell.

3. Study of the characteristics of a Differential Pressure Transducer & conversion of voltage output to 4-
20 mA for Transmission.

4. Study of Input Output characteristics of LVDT, Determination of Sensitivity & linear range of operation
of LVDT.

5. Study of the Characteristics of Capacitive Transducer Water Level control using capacitive Transducer.

6. Study of Characteristics of Temperature Transducers Like Thermocouple & RTD & study design of On-
off temperature control alarm system using signal conditioning of output from sensors.

7. Study of Characteristics of Temperature Transducers Like NTC Thermistor & IC Temperature Sensor.

8. Study Characteristics of Photovoltaic Cell & Photoconductive Cell along with signal conditioning of
output.

44
9. Study Characteristics of Phototransistor & PIN Photodiode & design a Light Controlled Switching
System using signal conditioning circuitry.

10. Study and use of Different Proximity Sensors like Inductive, Capacitive, and Magnetic & Optical Sensor.

11. To study the characteristic of AC servo motor.

12. To study the characteristics of a DC servomotor.

13. To study the characteristics of synchro (transmitter & receiver).

14. Study and measurement of linear & Angular displacement using Potentiometric Displacement Sensor

Required Readings

1. Johnson, C., (2005)Process control instrumentation technology by Curtis D. Johnson, PHI learning Pvt.
Ltd, (4th ed.)
2. Murty, D.V.S., (2009), Transducer and Instrumentation, PHI, New Delhi, (2nd ed.)
3. Nakra, B. C., Chaudhary, K. K., (2009), Instrumentation measurement and analysis, 2nded. by BC
Nakra and KK Chaudhary, Tata Mc.Graw Hill, (2nd ed.).
4. Weeden, T. A., Kirk, P. & Kirk, F. W., Instrumentation & process control, American Technical society
(7th ed.)
5. Sawhney, A. K., (Electrical and Electronics Measurement and Instrumentation, (2014), Dhanpat Rai &
Co. (7th ed.).
6. Barua, A., (2014), Principle of Industrial Instrumentation, Wiley India Publisher
7. Alavala, C. R., (2009), Principle of Industrial Instrumentation and control system, Cengage Learning
India Pvt Ltd.(1st ed.)

Recommended Readings

1. Doebelin, E. O. & Manik, D. N., (2017), Measurement Systems, McGraw Hill,(7thed.)

2. Liptak, B. G., (1995), Process Measurement & Analysis, CRC press, (4th ed.)
3. Rangan, C. S., Sharma, G. R. & Mani, V. S.,(2017), Instrumentation Devices and Systems, Tata
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, (3rd ed).
4. Jain, R. K., (1995), Mechanical and Industrial Measurements, Khanna Publishers, (2nd ed.)
5. Patranabis, D., (2003), Sensors and Transducers, PHI, (2nded.)

Open source software and website address:-

1. https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/io/io_1.html.
2. https://www.electronicshub.org/different-types-sensors/
3. https://www.powershow.com/view4/7975ccN2Q5O/MECHANICAL_TRANSDUCER_powerpoint_ppt_
presentation
45
4. https://www.powershow.com/viewfl/26d25e-
ZDc1Z/Electromagnetic_Sensors_powerpoint_ppt_presentation
5. https://www.analog.com/media/en/training-seminars/design-handbooks/Op-Amp-
Applications/Section4.pdf

46
 EC-PR401-I | Minor Project

Teaching Scheme

Theory hours per Tutorial hours per Practical Hours per

Credit
week week week
0 0 2 1

Rationale:

1. Make small scale projects and develop hands-on experience of working on a project.
2. Provide exposure to basic practices followed in the domain of electronics engineering.
3. Develop confidence amongst the students to enable them to use and apply acquired technical
knowledge and skills to solve practical problems of electronics engineering.
.
Lists of Projects:

1. Regulated Power Supply

2. Astable multivibrator using 555 Timer IC/Transistor/Op-amp IC 741
3. Integrator and Differentiator using Op-amp IC 741
4. RC Coupled Two Stage Amplifier
5. Touch plate switches by using 555 Timer IC/Transistor
6. Door bell/cordless bell using 555 Timer IC/Transistor
7. Clapping switch and IR switch using
8. Blinking parking light using 555 Timer IC circuit
9. Sirens and hooters using 555 Timer IC circuit
10. Security alarm using 555 Timer IC circuit
11. Blinking parking light using 555 Timer IC circuit
12. Disco light using 555 Timer IC circuit
13. Lamp dimmer circuit using SCR circuit
14. Cell charger, battery charger, mobile charger using transistor or 555 Timer IC

47
 EC-PC401 - D |Analog Electronics - III

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

DC, small signal AC analysis, and Kirchhoff’s current and voltage laws, and full understanding of
transistor operation and small-signal modeling.

Objectives

1. Understand the basics of construction, working and applications of various types of electronic
components such as Thyristors and UJT, transient phenomena.
2. Maintain Clipper, Clamper,multivibrator, time-base circuits; regulated power supply, VCO
andPLL circuits and in turn maintain equipment having such circuits.

Learning Outcomes

1. Understand transient phenomena R-C, R-L. and understand working of clipper and clamper
2. Explain the working of SCR,UJT and their applications.
3. Explain different types of timer ICs.
4. Understand the fabrication process of integrated circuits.
5. Design circuits like Regulated power supply, UPS, CVT,VCO,PLL, Time Base circuit.

Syllabus

1. Waveshaping Circuits
General idea about different wave shapes; Transient phenomena in R-C and R-L circuits; R-C
and R-L differentiating and integrating circuits; Clipping circuits; Diode clippers- series and
shunt biased type; Double clipper circuits; Zener diode clipper circuits; Use of transistors for
clipping and clamping circuits; Diode clamping circuit for clamping to negative peak, positive
peak or any other level for different input waveforms.

2. Thyristors and UJT

Characteristics, working principle and application of SCR, TRIAC, DIAC, SCS, SBS and
LASCR; Basic structure, principle of operation and VI characteristics of UJT; Working of UJT
as relaxation oscillator and its use in triggering of SCR
3. Integrated Electronics
48
 Introduction, advantages and disadvantages of ICs; Classification of ICs based on Size and
fabrication methods; Fabrication of transistors by planar process, a typical Fabrication process
for monolithic integrated circuits.
4. Timer IC

Purpose of Timer IC, Block diagram of 555 Timer IC and its working, 555 Timer as
monostable,astable and bistable multivibrators; FSK generator and Pulse position Modulation;
OpAmp based monostable and astable multivibrators; Schmitt Trigger circuit.

5. Time-BaseCircuits

Need of time-base or sweep waveforms; special features of time base signals; Voltage time base
circuits; Current time base circuits; Bootstrap time base generator; Miller time base generator; UJT
sweep generator.

6. RegulatedPowerSupply

Concept of regulation; Performance parameters of regulated power supplies; Series and Shunt
regulators using transistors and OPAmp; Three terminal voltage regulator ICs 78XX
family(positive, negative and variable applications; Concept Of foldback limiting, short circuit and
overload protection, current boosting in 78XX series, Basic working principle of switched mode
power supply (SMPS); Floating and grounded power supplies; Multiple output power supply; Brief
idea of CVT, UPS and dual track in in power supply

7. Voltage controlled Oscillator (VCO)

Function of VCO, IC NE555 based VCO, NE 566 based VCO, Applications of VCO, NE566 as
ramp generator and FM generator

8. Phase locked Loop PLL

Basic PLL operation, lock range, capture range, IC NE 565- block diagram and working, NE 565 as
frequency multiplier and FM detector

Practical/Laboratory Content

1. Plot the output waveforms of R-C differentiating circuits for square wave input for
various time constants.
2. Plot the output waveforms ofR-C integrating circuits for square wave input for various
time constants.
3. Construct biased and unbiased series and shunt clipping circuits for positive and
negative peak clipping of a sine wave using switching
4. Construct a double clipper circuit using switching diodes and sources and observe the
wave shapes.

49
 5. Construct Zener Diode and transistor clipper circuits for positive peak, negative peak
and double clipping of sine wave.
6. Construct a circuit to clamp sine and square waves to their positive and negative peaks
and to a specified level.
7. Plot characteristics of OpAmpSchmitt trigger circuit and plot the input to output wave
shapes with a sine wave input.
8. Construct monostable and a stable multi-vibratorusing OpAmp and verify output.
9. Construct monostable and stable multi vibrator circuits using 555 timer and verify output.
10. Plot the VI characteristics of SCR for different gate currents.
11. Construct UJT relaxation oscillator circuit and verify output.
12. Plot the VI characteristics of a TRIAC indifferent modes .

Required Readings

1. Bhargava, N. N., Kulshreshtha, D. C., & Gupta, S. C. (2013.). Basic Electronics & Linear Circuits. Tata
Mcgraw-Hill (2nd ed.)
2. Malvino, A. P., (2017), Electronic Principles. Tata Mcgraw-Hill (7th ed.)
3. Millman, J., Halkias, C.& Parikh, C. D., (2017),Integrated Electronics. McGraw Hill Publications, (2nd
ed.)
4. Boylestad, R. L., Nashelsky, L., (2012). Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory. PHI, (10thed.)

Recommended Readings

1. https://www.udemy.com/course/analog-circuit-design-part-1-all-about-diodes-capacitor/
2. https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/analog-vs-digital/analog-and-digital-circuits
3. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/video-tutorials/analog-and-digital-electronics/
4. https://semiengineering.com/knowledge_centers/integrated-circuit/ic-types/analog-circuits/

50
 EC-PE401 - D|Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

N/A

Objectives

1. Understand the architecture of microprocessors and microcontroller

2. Understand the programming model of microprocessors and microcontrollers
3. Interface different external peripheral devices with microprocessors and microcontrollers
4. Analyze a problem and formulate appropriate computing solutions for processor or controller
based application.
5. Develop an assembly language program for specified application

Learning Outcomes

1. Demonstrate the types of power generation

2. Maintain the optimized working of the power plants
3. Apply safe practices in power plants
4. Explain various transmission and distribution systems.
5. Analyze and apply power factor improvement
6. Select the adequate mix of power generation based on economic operation

Syllabus

1. 8085 Microprocessor architecture

Organization of a microcomputer system and functions of its various blocks. Stored program concept .
Harvard and Von Newman architecture .Microprocessors and Microcontrollers and their applications
8085 architecture- functional diagram and description, Register organization, memory organization, IO
organization..
2. Instruction set and assembly language programming of 8085
Instruction formats. Types of instructions, Instruction set. Addressing modes, Simple programs involving
various types of instructions, basic timing diagrams

51
3. Data Transfer methods
Synchronous, Asynchronous and Interrupt driven data transfer. Interrupts of 8085 and their types.
Servicing Interrupts, extending interrupts. Serial data transfer. Instructions related to Interrupts and serial
transfer. Need for DMA. Implementing DMA in 8085 processor based systems .

4. 8051 microcontrollers architecture:

8051 family of microcontrollers and its architecture, SFR, I/O ports and their functions, Memory
organization, Interfacing external memory, addressing modes, instruction set of 8051, Simple assembly
language programs.
5. 8051 Real Time Control:
8051 timer/counter and its various modes of operation. Serial data transfer and its modes. Interrupt
handling.
6. Interfacing External Devices:
8255 PPI, various modes of operation., Interfacing Seven Segment Display, key board, ADC and DAC
with 8085 through PPI. Interfacing 8255 with 8051 microcontrollers. Interfacing 8051 directly with 4x4
matrix keyboard, LEDs, ADC and DAC. Control speed of DC motor using PWM technique. Stepper
motor interfacing.

Practicals:

8085 based practicals:

1. Write program to add / subtract two 8 bit numbers (Assume data is in memory)
2. Write program to add / subtract two 16 bit numbers and store result
3. Write program to multiply two 8 bit numbers and store 16 bit result
4. Write program to divide two 8 bit numbers and store quotient and remainder
5. Write a program to display a decimal value in a seven segment display.
6. Write a program to read ADC and store digital value in memory

8051 based practicals:

1. Write 8051 program to add/ subtract two 8 bit numbers
2. Write a program to read keyboard and display the key in seven segment display
3. Write a program to read ADC output and display digital value in LEDs
4. Write a program to generate square wave using DAC
5. Write a program to vary speed of a DC motor using PWM
6. Write a program to rotate stepper motor clockwise and counter clockwise

52
 Required Readings

1. Gaonkar, R. (2013). Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085. Prentice
Hall, (6th ed.)
2. Deshmukh, A., (2005), The 8051 microcontroller: Theory and applications, McGraw-Hill Education
(India) Pvt Limited (
3. Kumar, K. U., & Umashankar, B. S., (2008). The 8085 Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming and
Interfacing. Pearson. (1st ed.)
4. Mazidi, M. (2007), The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C, Pearson,
(2nd ed.).

Recommended Readings

1. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/microprocessor_overview.htm
2. https://computer.howstuffworks.com/microprocessor.htm
3. https://www.brainspire.com/blog/what-is-a-microprocessor-and-how-does-it-work
4. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/microprocessor/microcontrollers_overview.htm
5. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/technical-articles/what-is-a-microcontroller-introduction-
component-characteristics-component/

53
 EC-PC403 - D|Personal Computer Organization

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prerequisite

N/A

Objectives

16. Discuss the basic concepts and structure of computers

17. Explain the function of each element of a memory hierarchy.

18. Explain different types of addressing modes and memory organization

19. Learn the different types of serial communication techniques

20. Identify and compare different methods for computer I/O.

Learning Outcomes

10. Understand the theory and architecture of central processing unit

11. Understand the architecture and functionality of central processing unit.

12. Exemplify in a better way the I/O and memory organization.

13. Analyze some of the design issues in terms of speed, technology, cost, performance.

Syllabus

1. Hardware Organisation of PC:

Microcomputer Organisation, 8086/8088 microprocessor, its architecture, brief view of
instruction set, memory address and addressing techniques and I/O addressing, the
motherboard of PC: memory organization, system timers/counters, interrupts, vectoring,
interrupt controller, DMA controller and its channels, PC-bus slots, various types of digital
buses, serial I/O ports e.g., COM1 & COM2, parallel port.
2. The video Display of the PC:

54
 The basic principles of the working of video monitors, video display adapters
(monochrome and colour graphics). Video modes, detailed study of colour video
monitors, introduction to TFT monitors, difference between monochrome, colour and TFT
video monitors.

3. The Keyboard of the PC:

The basic principles of the working of a PC keyboard scan codes, introduction to
multimedia keyboard.

4. Disk Drives:Constructional features of Hard Disk, Floppy disk and drives and HDD,
DVD drive and CD ROM drive, Pen drive, working principle of HDD drive, CD ROM
drive, DVD drive. Introduction to special type of disk drives like zip drive, MO drive,
logical structure of a disk and its organization. Boot record. File Allocation Table (FAT),
NTFS Disk Directory.
5. Peripheral Devices:
Basic features of various other peripheral devices e.g., mouse, scanner, plotter,
digitizer, modem, light pen and joystick. Working principle of DMP, Inkjet and Laser
printers, basic operation of digital cameras, FAX.
6. Power Supply:
SMPS used in PC and its various voltages, basic idea of constant voltage transformer
(CVT) and Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS): offline and line interactive types.
7. The BIOS and DOS services:
The basic ideas of BIOS and DOS services for diskette, serial Port, Key boards, Printer
and Misc. services.
8. Advance Microprocessor:
Introduction to PISC and CISC system and comparison between the two.Introduction to
superscalar architecture, detailed study of Pentium IV processor, mother board of PC,
memory organization, Cache memory, keyboard interfacing, serial and parallel
ports.Introduction to pipelining.

Practical/Laboratory Content

37. To identify various components, devices and sections of a PC.

38. To interconnect the system unit with the video monitor, mouse and key board, and test the operation
of the PC.

39. To connect various add-on cards and I/O devices to a PC motherboard, and test their working.
55
 40. To note the voltages and waveforms at various terminals in the I/O channel (Bus Slots).

41. To study the SMPS circuit of a PC, measure various supply voltages, and connect it to the
motherboard and other appropriate I/O devices.

42. To study the operation of a CVT used to supply power to a PC.

43. To study the operation of an uninterrupted power supply (UPS).

Required Readings

● Govindarajulu, B. (2001), IBM PC and Clones: Hardware, troubleshooting, and maintenance, TMH
publications.

● Rafiquzzman , M, (1995), Microprocessors and Microcomputer – Based system Design, Taylor &
Francis Group (2nd ed.).

● Hall, D. , “Microprocessor & Interfacing”, McGraw Hill

Recommended Readings

● Bose, S.K. (2014), Hardware & Software of Personal Computers, New Age International Publishers.

1. Dailey , D. J. (1998), Small Computer theory and application, McGraw Hill.

56
 EC-PC402-D | Fundamentals of Communication Engineering

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

3 0 2 4

Prer
equisite

Digital Electronics

Objectives

1. Maintain electronic communication equipment and circuits related to this area.

2. Develop in depth understanding of all concepts and principles so that they may learn advance
courses.

Learning Outcomes

1. Explain the concept and need of modulation

2. Derive the mathematical expressions for Amplitude Modulated wave and Frequency modulated wave.
3. Explain the working of different types of AM & FM Modulators.
4. Explain the working of different types of AM & FM Demodulators.
5. Analyze various pulse analog and pulse digital modulation techniques
6. Analyze PCM technique and delta modulation technique
7. Explain the block diagram of digital communication system

Syllabus

1. Amplitude Modulation
Introduction to modulation, Need for modulation, Definition of Amplitude Modulation,
Derivation for mathematical expression of amplitude modulated wave showing Carrier and
side band components. Significance of Modulation index, spectrum and bandwidth of AM
wave, relative power distribution in carrier and sidebands.
Elementary idea of DSB-FC, DSB-SC, SSB-SC, ISB and VSB modulations, their
comparison and areas of applications.

2. Angle Modulation
Definition of Frequency Modulation, Derivation of mathematical expression for Frequency
Modulated wave and its frequency spectrum (without proof and analysis of Bessel function),
Modulation index, Maximum frequency deviation and deviation ratio, BW of FM Signals,
Advantages and Disadvantages of FM over AM in communication system, Definition of
Phase Modulation, Mathematical Expression for phase modulated wave, modulation index,
57
 comparison with frequency modulation.

3. Working principles of the following AM Modulators

Collector Modulator
Balanced Modulator.

4. Working principles of the following FM Modulators

Reactance transistor modulator and
Armstrong phase modulator

5. Working principles of the following AM Demodulators

Diode detector circuit and
Synchronous detector circuit

6. Working Principles of the following FM demodulators

Slope detector
Foster-Seeley Discriminator and
Ratio Detector

7. Pulse Analog and Pulse Digital Modulation

Statement of sampling theorem and elementary idea of sampling frequency for pulse
modulation,
Basic concepts of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Frequency Division Multiplexing
(FDM).
Basic idea about pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse width modulation (PWM), pulse
position modulation (PPM) and their typical applications
Pulse code modulation (PCM): Basic scheme of PCM system, Quantization, quantization error,
advantages of PCM systems, Basic idea about differential PCM (DPCM) system
Delta modulation: Basic principle of delta modulation system, advantages of delta modulation
over PCM system.
Elements of Digital communication system with its block diagram: source, channel, transmitter
and receiver. Advantages and disadvantages of Digital communication over analog
communication.

Practical/Laboratory Content

1. To obtain an AM wave on CRO by a standard RF signal generator using (i) internal modulation
and (ii) External modulation. Also to measure the modulation index of the obtained AM wave.

2. To obtain an AM wave on CRO from (i) Collector modulator circuit and (ii) Balanced modulator
circuit. Also to measure index of modulation of the AM signal for different levels of modulating
signal.

3. To obtain a FM wave from (i) reactance transistor modulator circuit and (ii) Armstrong FM
modulator circuit. Also, to measure the frequency deviation for different modulating signals.

58
4. To obtain modulating signal from an AM diode detector circuit and observe the pattern for
different RC time constants and obtain its optimum value for least distortion.

5. To obtain modulating signal from a FM detector (Foster Seely/Ratio detector) circuit and plot
the discriminator characteristics.

6. To observe the sampled signal and compare it with the analog input signal. Note the effect of
varying the sampling pulse width and frequency on the sampled output.

7. To verify the sampling theorem.

8. Observe waveforms at input and output of a TDM and FDM circuit

9. To observe and note the pulse modulated signals (PAM, PPM, PWM) and compare them with
the corresponding analog input signal.

10. To measure the quantization noise in a 3 bit/4 bit coded PCM signal.

11. To feed an analog signal to a PCM modulator and compare demodulated signal with the analog
input.

12. To study the process of delta modulation/demodulation.

Required Readings

1. Taub, H., & Schilling, D. L. (2017). Principles of Communication Systems. Tata McGraw Hill,
(4th ed.)
2. Anand, R. (n.d.). Communication Systems. Khanna Publishing House, Delhi.
3. Singh, A., & Chhabra, A. K. (1999), Principles of Communication Engineering. S.Chand &
Company.

Reference Books

1. Lathi, B. P. (2011), Modern Digital and Analog communication Systems, Oxford University
Press, (3rd ed.).
2. Haykin, S. (2006). Communication Systems, Wiley India, (4th ed.).
3. HSU, H. P., & Mitra, D. (2016). Analog and Digital Communications, Tata McGraw-Hill, (3rd
ed.).

59
60
 EC-PR401-D | Minor Project

TeachingScheme

Theory Hours Tutorialhoursper PracticalHours

Credit
Perweek week perweek

0 0 4 2

Pre-requisites

N/A

Objectives

1. Make small scale projects and develop hands-on experience of working on a project.
2. Provide exposure to basic practices followed in the domain of electronics engineering.
3. Develop confidence amongst the students to enable them to use and apply acquired technical
knowledge and skills to solve practical problems of electronics engineering.

List of Projects:

1. Regulated Power Supply

2. Astable multivibrator using 555 Timer IC/Transistor/Op-amp IC 741
3. Integrator and Differentiator using Op-amp IC 741
4. RC Coupled Two Stage Amplifier
5. Touch plate switches by using 555 Timer IC/Transistor
6. Door bell/cordless bell using 555 Timer IC/Transistor
7. Clapping switch and IR switch using
8. Blinking parking light using 555 Timer IC circuit
9. Sirens and hooters using 555 Timer IC circuit
10. Security alarm using 555 Timer IC circuit
11. Blinking parking light using 555 Timer IC circuit
12. Disco light using 555 Timer IC circuit
13. Lamp dimmer circuit using SCR circuit
14. Cell charger, battery charger, mobile charger using transistor or 555 Timer IC
15. Fire/Smoke/Intruder alarm using 555 Timer IC.

61