Derivative

Definition
f (x + f ) − f (x)
′
f (x) = limh→0
h

Rules of Differentiation
Constant Rule: dx
d
(c) = 0 , where c is a constant.
Power Rule: dx
d n
(x ) = n ∗ x
n−1
, where n is a constant.
Constant Multiple Rule: d

dx
(k ∗ f (x)) = k ∗
dx
d
(f (x)) , where k is a constant.
Sum/Difference Rule: d

dx
(f (x) ± g(x)) =
d

dx
(f (x)) ±
d

dx
(g(x)).
Product Rule: d
dx
′
(f (x) ∗ g(x)) = f (x) ∗ g(x) + f (x) ∗ g (x)
′
.
′ ′

Quotient Rule: d

dx
(
f (x)

g(x)
) =
g(x)∗f (x)–f (x)∗g (x)

g(x)
2
.
Chain Rule: d

dx
(f (g(x))) = f (g(x)) ∗ g (x)
′ ′
.

Differentiation of algebraic functions

d x x
(e ) = e
dx

d x x
(a ) = a loge a
dx

d 1
(logex) = ;x > 0
dx x

Differentiation of trigonometric functions

d
(cos x) = − sin x
dx

d 2
(tan x) = sec x
dx

d
(sec x) = sec(x) tan(x)
dx

d
(csc x) = − csc(x) cot(x)
dx

d 2
(cot x) = − csc (x)
dx

Exponential Derivatives
x ′ x
f (x) = a then f (x) = ln(a)a

x ′ x
f (x) = e then f (x) = e

g ′ g(x) ′
f (x) = a (x) then f (x) = ln(a)a g (x)

g(x) ′ g(x) ′
f (x) = e then f (x) = e g (x)

Logarithm Derivatives
 ′ 1
f (x) = loga(x) then f (x) =
ln(a)x

′ 1
f (x) = ln(x) then f (x) =
x
′
g (x)
′
f (x) = loga(g(x)) then f (x) =
ln(a)g(x)

′
g (x)
′
f (x) = ln(g(x)) then f (x) =
g(x)