Warm-Up Measuring Length and Angles
? Lesson How can you find the measures of line segments and
Question angles?
Lesson Goals
Apply angle postulates
to investigate
measures of angles.
Apply segment
postulates to investigate Identify segment and
measures of angle bisectors .
[lineline segments
segments]. .
Determine
measures of
segments and
angles.
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Warm-Up Measuring Length and Angles
W Words to Know
2K
Fill in this table as you work through the lesson. You may also use the glossary to
help you.
a point on a line segment that is equidistant from the
midpoint two endpoints
protractor tool used to measure an angle in degrees
bisect to divide into two congruent parts
congruent segments two line segments that have the same length
Geometrical Figures
• Undefined terms:
• Point: Points are locations in space.
• Line: Lines are infinite in two different directions.
• Defined terms:
• Line segment: A line segment has two endpoints .
• Ray: Rays have one endpoint.
• Angle: An angle is formed by two rays with a common endpoint.
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Warm-Up Measuring Length and Angles
Circle 𝐴𝐵, 𝐶𝐷, and ∠𝐷𝐶𝐸 on the diagram.
D
A
B
E
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Instruction Measuring Length and Angles
Slide
2 Measuring Segments
Ruler postulate: The distance between any two points can be measured
by finding the absolute value of the difference of the coordinates
representing the points.
P Q 35 − 15 = 20
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 PQ = 20 units
K M
KM = 19 − 8 = 11 cm
Distances are always going to be nonnegative.
4 Segment Addition Postulate
Segment addition postulate: If L is between K and M, then
KL + LM = KM. If KL + LM = KM, then L is between K and M.
2 + 7 = 9
K L M
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
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Instruction Measuring Length and Angles
Slide
4 Example: Points R, S, and T are collinear. S is between R and T.
R S T
RT = 5𝑥 + 1
ST = 2𝑥 − 3
RS = 5𝑥 + 1 − ( 2 — 3 )
= 3 + 4
6 Bisecting a Segment
TR is bisected by segment AB, creating two congruent segments:
PT and PR.
Point P is the midpoint between T and R.
Circle the marks that indicate congruence.
T P R
PR PT
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Instruction Measuring Length and Angles
Slide
MIDPOINT THEOREM
6
Midpoint theorem: If P is the midpoint of TR, then PT ≅ PR.
PT and PR:
A
1. are congruent halves of one whole.
2. have equal lengths . T P R
Each smaller segment of a bisected segment
B
is half the length of the longer segment.
PR ≅ PT
1 1
PT = PR = RT RT
2 2
9 Words to Know
Fill in this table as you work through the lesson. You may also use the glossary to
help you.
two angles within the same plane that share a
adjacent angles common side and vertex, but do not share any
common interior points
congruent angles two angles that have the same measure
an angle measuring greater than 90 degrees, but
obtuse angle
less than 180 degrees
straight angle an angle whose measure is exactly 180 degrees
acute angle an angle measuring between 0 and 90 degrees
right angle an angle whose measure is exactly 90 degrees
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Instruction Measuring Length and Angles
Slide
9 Measuring Angles
A protractor is a tool used to measure an angle in degrees.
Protractor postulate: Given any angle, we can express its measure as a unique
positive number from 0 to 180 degrees.
Q
E
P R
G
F
EFG PQR
The orientation of the angle is irrelevant when it comes to measuring the angle.
The way to represent angle measure in symbols is to write 𝑚∠ .
10 Using a Protractor
We can use a protractor to measure angles . Be sure that:
• the center mark is on the vertex of the angle
• one side of the angle is on the 0° line
• an acute angle measures less than 90° and an obtuse angle
measures more than 90°
P
𝑚PQR = 40°
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Instruction Measuring Length and Angles
Slide
12 Angle Measures
Acute angles, right angles, obtuse angles, straight angles, and reflex
angles are classified based on their degree measures.
Acute Obtuse Straight Right
θ
θ
θ θ
Measure: Measure: Measure: Measure:
90°
0° < θ < 90° 180°
90° < θ < 180° 180°
θ = 180° θ = 90°90°
REFLEX ANGLES
When an angle measures greater than 180°, but less than 360°, the angle is
called a reflex angle.
Reflex Angle
F
E Measure: 180° < θ < 360°
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Instruction Measuring Length and Angles
Slide
14 Adjacent Angles
JHK and GHK are adjacent angles.
K
They share vertex H, have ray HK in
common , and do not J G
H
overlap .
Angle Addition Postulate
Angle addition postulate: The measure of an angle created by two or more
adjacent angles is equal to the sum of the measures of the
individual angles.
• JHG will measure 22° + 130 °.
• 𝑚JHG = 152 ° K
22° 130°
J G
H
𝑚JHK + 𝑚KHG = 𝑚 JHG
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Instruction Measuring Length and Angles
Slide
14 Applying the Angle Addition Postulate
Example: Which expression represents 𝑚AED?
If 𝑚AED = 132°, what is the degree measure of the smallest angle in the
diagram?
(3𝑥 + 4) + (5𝑥) + (2𝑥 + 8) = 132 E
10𝑥 + 12 = 132 A
(3𝑥 + 4)° (5𝑥)°
D
(2𝑥 + 8)°
10𝑥 = 120
C B
𝑥= 12
𝑚AEC = 40°
𝑚CEB = 60°
𝑚BED = 30°
16 Angle Bisectors
An angle bisector divides an angle into two congruent angles.
B N
Z
A 40° 40°
M
C Q
D J P L
P
𝑚ABC = 80°
Bisected by ray Bisected by segment Bisected by segment
BD ZP QM
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Summary Measuring Length and Angles
? Lesson
How can you find the measures of line segments and angles?
Question
Answer
(Sample answer) You can measure line segments using a ruler or a
number line. You can measure angles using a protractor. You can apply
properties of midpoints, segment bisectors, and angle bisectors to work
with measurements of line segments and angles.
Slide
2 Review: Key Concepts
Segments: Angles:
• Ruler postulate • Protractor postulate
• Segment addition postulate • Angle addition postulate
• Midpoint and segment • Classification of angles
bisectors • Angle bisectors
A
Q
T P R
N
P
M
B
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Summary Measuring Length and Angles
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