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Matrix Math Made Easy

The document provides an overview of matrices, including their definition, types, and operations such as addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, and multiplication. It also explains the concepts of transposition, determinants, and inverses of 2x2 matrices, as well as how to solve linear equations using matrices. Examples are provided for each concept to illustrate the mathematical principles.

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26 views2 pages

Matrix Math Made Easy

The document provides an overview of matrices, including their definition, types, and operations such as addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, and multiplication. It also explains the concepts of transposition, determinants, and inverses of 2x2 matrices, as well as how to solve linear equations using matrices. Examples are provided for each concept to illustrate the mathematical principles.

Uploaded by

ratherfazil3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Matrix Math Made Easy

1. What is a Matrix?

A matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers in rows and columns.

Example:

[1 2]

[3 4]

This is a 2x2 matrix.

2. Types of Matrices

a) Row Matrix: One row. Example: [2 5 7]

b) Column Matrix: One column. Example: [3; 6; 9]

c) Square Matrix: Same number of rows and columns. Example: [1 2; 3 4]

d) Zero Matrix: All elements are zero. Example: [0 0; 0 0]

e) Diagonal Matrix: Non-zero on diagonal, rest zero. Example: [5 0; 0 9]

f) Identity Matrix: Diagonal = 1, rest = 0. Example: [1 0; 0 1]

3. Matrix Addition & Subtraction

Add or subtract corresponding elements.

Example:

A = [1 2; 3 4], B = [5 6; 7 8]

A + B = [6 8; 10 12], A - B = [-4 -4; -4 -4]

4. Scalar Multiplication

Multiply each element by a number.

Example: 2 * [3 4; 5 6] = [6 8; 10 12]

5. Matrix Multiplication

Multiply rows of the first matrix with columns of the second.

Example:
Matrix Math Made Easy

A = [1 2; 3 4], B = [2 0; 1 2]

A * B = [4 4; 10 8]

6. Transpose of a Matrix

Flip the matrix: rows become columns.

Example:

A = [1 2; 3 4] -> A^T = [1 3; 2 4]

7. Determinant of a 2x2 Matrix

For A = [a b; c d], |A| = ad - bc

Example: [3 2; 1 4] -> 3*4 - 2*1 = 10

8. Inverse of a 2x2 Matrix

If A = [a b; c d], then A^(-1) = (1/(ad - bc)) * [d -b; -c a]

Example: A = [1 2; 3 4], then A^(-1) = [-2 1; 1.5 -0.5]

9. Solving Linear Equations using Matrices

System:

x + 2y = 5

3x + 4y = 6

Write as AX = B:

A = [1 2; 3 4], X = [x; y], B = [5; 6]

Then, X = A^(-1) * B

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