1.
Project Overview
Project Title: Hybrid Solar Power Plant with Battery Energy Storage System
(BESS) and Diesel Generator (DG) for a Manufacturing Facility
Project Location: Ghana
Load Demand: 3.5 MW
Objective: The goal of this project is to design, implement, and optimize a hybrid
power system that integrates a solar power plant, a battery energy storage
system (BESS), and a diesel generator (DG) to supply reliable and cost-effective
electricity to a manufacturing facility with a load demand of 3.5 MW.
2. Project Scope
The project will include the design, engineering, procurement, construction, and
commissioning of the following systems:
Solar Power Plant: Photovoltaic (PV) system to harness solar energy.
Battery Energy Storage System (BESS): Energy storage solution to store excess
solar energy and provide backup during low sunlight or peak load conditions.
Diesel Generator (DG): Backup power generation to ensure uninterrupted power
supply during emergency situations or when both solar and battery systems are
insufficient.
The system will be designed to meet the load requirements of 3.5 MW, with
sufficient redundancy to handle peak loads and provide reliability.
3. System Design
3.1 Solar Power Plant Design
Capacity: The solar power plant will be designed to supply the majority of the
facility's power needs, reducing dependency on the grid and DG. Based on the
average solar irradiance in the area, a capacity of approximately 5 MW of solar
panels will be considered.
Technology: High-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels.
Area Requirement: Based on the efficiency of the selected panels, approximately
25,000–30,000 m² of land will be needed.
Inverters: Centralized or string inverters, depending on the site conditions, with a
total inverter capacity of 4.5–5 MW.
Integration with BESS and DG: The solar system will be linked to the BESS for
storage and the DG as a secondary backup.
3.2 Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Design
Capacity: The BESS will be sized to store excess solar energy for use during
cloudy days, nighttime, or peak demand periods. A system with a storage
capacity of 2-3 MWh will be considered.
Technology: Lithium-ion or lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries, known for
their high energy density, long cycle life, and efficiency.
Functionality: The BESS will be used for:
Load Shifting: Storing energy during the day and supplying it during peak
demand.
Frequency Regulation: To stabilize the grid frequency by absorbing excess
energy or injecting stored energy when required.
Emergency Backup: During grid failures or when the solar generation is
insufficient.
Inverters: Battery inverters to connect the BESS to the load.
3.3 Diesel Generator (DG) Design
Capacity: A DG of 1.5 MW will be considered as a backup for emergency
situations when both solar and BESS cannot meet the load demand.
Fuel: Diesel fuel.
Functionality: The DG will be used to provide power during:
Long periods of insufficient solar generation (e.g., extended cloudy days).
Peak demand when both the solar plant and BESS are unable to meet the load.
Control: The DG will be integrated into the system through an automatic transfer
switch (ATS) for seamless operation.
4. Load Profile & Energy Generation Analysis
4.1 Load Profile
Peak Load: 3.5 MW
Average Load: [Calculate average based on actual usage]
Load Factor: Calculated based on the demand curve, indicating periods of peak
and off-peak consumption.
4.2 Energy Generation from Solar Plant
Solar Irradiance: Average daily solar irradiance in the region will determine the
effective energy generation.
Annual Generation: Based on panel efficiency, area, and local climate, an
estimated annual generation will be calculated.
Example: If the solar system generates 5 MW and the average solar insolation is
5 kWh/m²/day, the annual generation will be:
Annual Generation (kWh)
=
5
MW
×
5
kWh/m²/day
×
365
days
Annual Generation (kWh)=5MW×5kWh/m²/day×365days
4.3 Battery Storage Management
The BESS will store surplus energy generated during the day, ensuring power
availability during nighttime or cloudy periods.
The energy stored will be used to meet the facility's needs during peak hours
and to handle short-term grid outages.
5. Integration of Systems
The solar, BESS, and DG systems will be integrated with the following
components:
Energy Management System (EMS): To optimize the operation of all components
and ensure the most efficient and cost-effective energy supply.
Control Strategies: The EMS will handle:
Solar priority mode: Solar generation is prioritized, with excess energy stored in
the BESS or supplied to the grid.
BESS charging/discharging: Based on availability, BESS will be charged when
surplus solar energy is available.
DG start-up conditions: The DG will be activated during periods when solar and
BESS cannot meet the load or during grid failure.
6. Financial Analysis
6.1 Capital Investment
Solar Power Plant: Estimated cost of INR [X] per MW for PV panels, inverters,
installation, and commissioning.
BESS: Estimated cost of INR [Y] per kWh for batteries, inverters, and integration.
Diesel Generator (DG): Estimated cost of INR [Z] per MW for DG set, fuel tank,
and installation.
Total Estimated Investment: INR [Total Cost]
6.2 Ongoing Operational Costs
Maintenance: Annual maintenance cost for solar panels, BESS, and DG.
Fuel: For the DG, assuming an average load and fuel consumption rate.
6.3 Savings and Payback Period
Cost Savings: Reduced dependency on grid power and fuel for DG.
Revenue Generation: If applicable, revenue from selling excess solar energy to
the grid (if grid-connected).
Payback Period: Estimated based on energy savings, fuel savings, and potential
revenue from excess generation.
7. Environmental Impact
Reduction in CO₂ Emissions: The solar power plant will reduce the facility's
carbon footprint by replacing fossil fuel-based power generation with renewable
energy.
Sustainability: The project promotes sustainability through the integration of
renewable energy and energy storage technologies.
8. Project Timeline
Feasibility Study: 1 month
Design & Engineering: 2–3 months
Procurement: 1–2 months
Construction & Installation: 4–5 months
Commissioning: 1 month
Total Project Duration: 9–12 months
9. Risk Analysis and Mitigation
Risk 1: Inconsistent solar generation due to weather conditions.
Mitigation: Sizing the BESS and DG for backup.
Risk 2: High initial capital investment.
Mitigation: Explore financing options, grants, or subsidies for renewable energy
projects.
Risk 3: Regulatory changes.
Mitigation: Regular monitoring of local energy regulations.
10. Conclusion
The hybrid system combining solar power, BESS, and DG will provide a reliable,
cost-effective, and sustainable energy solution for the manufacturing facility,
ensuring that the 3.5 MW load demand is consistently met with minimal
environmental impact.
