MIDTERM REVIEWER SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (1440-1690 AD) - great

scientific intellectual achievements that changed

(GNED 06) SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY the views of society about nature.
1. UNIVERSAL MODEL (COPERNICAL
(WEEK 2) HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS IN SCIENCE AND HELIOCENTRISM)
TECHNOLOGY - conceptualized by Nicholas Copernicus.
- describes the sun near the center of the
HISTORY OF SICENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE universe, and the earth and other planets
WORLD: ANCIENT, MIDDLE AND MODERN AGES orbiting around it in circular paths
2. KEPLER’S LAW OF PLANETARY MOTION
ANCIENT AGES - originally formulated to classify - created by Johannes Kepler
artifacts in the possession of the museum based on - states that all planets revolve around the
the materials to which they were made of. sun in elliptical, not circular, and that closer
plantes to the sun move faster than the
THREE CHRONOLOGICALLY SUCCESSIVE others.
PREHISTORICAL PERIODS 3. GALILEO’S WORK OF MOTION
- discovery of the relations among distance,
 STONE AGES - weapons made of stone, wood, velocity, acceleration and the law of inertia.
bone and some other materials aside from 4. NEWTON’S LAW OF MOTION
metals. A. 1ST LAW OF MOTION (LAW OF INETIA) -
1. PALEOLITHIC PERIOD (OLD STONE) body is at rest or moving at a constant
 Longest phase of human history, speed in a straight line.
 Tools were made of stone, flint, bone, and B. 2ND LAW OF MOTION - constant force acts
antler, used for hunting and harvesting. a massive body.
A. LOWER PALEOLOTHIC PERIOD 5. NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITY
 stone choppers believed to be made - particle in the universe attracts every other
more than a million year ago universal particle using a force that os
B. MIDDLE PALEOLITHIC PERIOD directly propotional to the product of their
 fire, stone tools of flake types for masses and inversely to the aquare of the
hunting, and bone implements such as distance between their centers.
needles
C. UPPER PALEOLITHIC PERIOD INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS - covers the complex
 communal hunting, extensive fishing, technological innovations that led to the
supernatural beliefs, cloth sewing, replacement of manual labor to one dominated by
painting, sculpture, cave wall carvings industry and machine manufacture.
and paintings and making personal
ornaments. BIOLOGY DISCOVERERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION:
2. MESOLITHIC PERIOD (MIDDLE STONE)  ROBERT HOOKE - discovery of cell.
 Gradual changes in human life.  ROBER BROWN - discovered cell nucleus.
 Plant propagation and animal breeding  ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK - observation and
were learned, discovery of microorganism.
3. NEOLITHIC PERIOD (NEW STONE)  CARLUS LINNAEUS - introduced binomial
 Use of stone tools, pottery, and weaving in nomenclature of classifying species.
numerous settled villages.  MARTINUS BEIJERINCK - discovered first known
 Agriculture expanded globally, leading to virus.
the rise of various civilizations.  MARRY ANNING - discovered first ichthyyosaur
fossil.
 BRONZE AGE (3000BC - 1200BC)  GEORGES CUVIER - founded comparative
- all the tools were made of copper or bronze. anatomy as science.
- achieved through the extraction of metal from  CRAWFORD LONG - use of ether in surgical
ore called smelting. operations.
 IRON AGE (1500BC - 400AD)  WILHELM WUNDTH - introduction of
- all the tools were made of iron. experimental psychology.
- began when smelting pits made enough  CHARLES DARWIN - theory of evolution .
advancement to produce higher temperatures  LOUIS PASTEUR - vaccine against rabies.
that could smelt iron ore.  DANIEL HALE WILLIAMS - performed the first
heart surgery.
MIDDLE AGES (450 - 1450AD) - began with the fall of
the Western Roman Empire and merge into CHEMISTRY DISCOVERERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION
renaissance and the age of discovery.  DANIEL GABRIEL FAHRENHEIT - invented the first
mercury thermometer.
 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN - distinguished negative  ANDRIJA MOHOROVICIC - discovered
and positive charges. mohorovicic discontinuity; the boundary
 ANTOINE-LAURENT DE LAVOISIER - made between earth’s crust and mantle.
chemistry a science; perform combustion  ALFRED WEGENER - suggest continental drift
experiments. theory.
 HENRY CAVENDISH - idea that oxygen PHYSICS DISCOVERERS AND THEI CONTRIBUTION
combustion produces water.  ALBERT EINSTEIN - theory of relativity.
 JOHN DALTON - sugggested the atomic theory.  ERNEST RUTHERFORD - discovery of proton.
 JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON - discovered electron.  WOLFGANG PAULI - principle on arrangement
 HUMPHRY DAVY, JONS JACOD BERZELIU AND of electrons in atom.
OTHERS - discovered new elements.
 AUGUSTE LAURENT AND CHARLES GERHARDT - IMPORTANT INVENTIONS:
pioneered organic chemistry.  BIOCHEMISTRY - biogas; biosensor; DNA
fingerprinting.
PHYSICS DISCOVERERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION  COMMUNICATION - AM radio; cellular phone;
 CHARLES-AUGUSTINE DE COLOUMB - law of communication satellite; fiber optics.
electrostatic interaction and fictional  DEFENSE - army tank; atomic bomb; netron
electrostatic instrumentation. bomb; tear gas.
 ALESSANDRO VOLTA - cell or battery.  ENERGY - biogas; neon light; nuclear fusion;
 HANS CHRISTIAN OERSTED - idea that electricity solar power.
generates magnetism.  ENTERTAINMENT - animated cartoon film;
 ANDRE- MARIE AMPERE - amepere’s law to tell betamax video system; cassette tapes.
how electric current priduces magnetism  INFORMATION AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY -
 PAUL ERMAN - made first measurement of calculator; floppy disk; internet; laser printer.
earth’s magnetism.  MEDICINE - artificial heart & kidney; blood bank.
 MICHAEL FARADAY - magnetism generates  TRANPORTATION - airplane; diesel locomotive;
electricity. helicopter; jet engine; space shuttle.
 JAMES MAXWELL - unification theory of
electricity and magnetism INFORMATION AGE - thechange from traditional
 HEINRICH HERTZ - discovery, detection and industry to an economy based on information
production of radio waves computerization.
 WILHELM ROENTGEN - discovery of x-rays.
THE PRE-GUTENBERG WORLD
20TH CENTURY TO DATE - science and technology  Book and written materials were scarce and
had structurally and methodologically changed. expensive, often handmade.
 Education and literacy were confined to the
ASTRONOMY DISCOVERERS AND THEIR elite, religious figures, and some scholars.
CONTRIBUTION  Limited spread of ideas across regions and
 EDWIN HUBBLE - presentation of galaxies as cultures.
huge aggregation of stars and the open
universe theory. THE GUTENBERG REVOLUTION
 GEORGE LEMAITRE - publication of the original  Printing press by JOHANNES GUTENBERG (1440s)
big bang theory/ allowed for mass production of books.
 NEIL ARMSTRONG - first walk on the moon.  Books became more affordable and
accessible to a wider population.
BIOLOGY DISCOVERERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION  Transformed the dissemination of ideas,
 JAMES CHADWICK - discovered neutron. fostering intellectual and cultural growth.
 DMITRY IVANOVSKY AND MARTINUS BEIJERICK -
discovered viruses. THE POST- GUTENBERG WORLD
 RUDOLF JAENISCH - introdcution of DNA into a  Emergence of the internet and the worldwide
mouse embryo. web.
CHEMISTRY DISCOVERERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION  Paved way to the possibility of downloading
 MIKHAIL TSVET - paper chromatography. and uploading of all forms of media
 JAROSLAV HEYROVSKY - polarography. instruments (video, audio, and images).
 PHOEBUS LEVENE - discovered deoxyribose  Spreading information is much faster and faster.
sugar of DNA.
EARTH SCIENCE DISCOVERERS AND THEIR THE RISE OF DIGITAL AGE
CONTRIBUTION  COMPUTERS - discovered by CHARLES
 LEON PHILIPPE TEISSERENC DE BORT - BABBAGE (father of computers). designed
discvovered stratosphere. simply for computations/mathematical
calculations and simple decision-making
capabilities.
 THE INTERNET - creation of VINTON CERF and  term used by the Spaniards to describe the
ROBERT KAHN. Mostly used by scientists to Visayans, known for their tattoos.
communicate with other scientists.
 WORLD WIDE WEB - discovered by SIR TIM HOUSES
BERNERS-LEE. Used for commercial purposes.  Designed for tropical climate; called bahay
 ELECTRONIC MAIL OR E-MAIL - claimed by V.A. kubo.
SHIVA AYYADURAI. He started building the  Made of wood, bamboo, and nipa palm.
system in 1978 when he was 14 years old.  stilts with drawn-up ladders for security.
 FACEBOOK - made by MARK ZUCKERBERG. SOCIAL CLASSES
 TWITTER - created by march 2006 by JACK THREE MAIN CLASSES:
DORSEY, NOAH GLASS, BIZ STONE and EVAN  NOBLES - Included the datu (chiefs) and their
WILLIAMS. It was considered as “sms of the families.
internet”.  MAHADLIKA/MAHARLIKA - Free citizens.
 MESSENGER - originally developed as facebook  ALIPIN (DEPENDENTS) - Could become
chat in 2008 but changed its messaging service dependents through inheritance, captivity,
in 2010. it is an instant messaging service and debt, or crime.
software application. TYPES OF ALIPIN:
 YOUTUBE - largest online destination and the  ALIPING NAMAMAHAY - Lived in their own
third most visited website. Tandem of CHAD houses.
HURLEY and STEVE CHEN.  VISAYAN DEPENDENTS:
 TUMATABAN - Worked only when ordered.
(WEEK 3) HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SCIENCE  TUMARAMPOK - Worked one day for the
AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES master, one day for themselves.
 AYUEY - Served three days a week for their
PRECOLONIAL HISTORY master.

INDEPENDENT CIVILIZATION STATUS OF WOMEN

 Existed before Spanish colonization.  Had rights to inherit property and engage in
 Influenced by Malay settlers and local trade.
adaptation to the environment.  Could succeed as barangay chief if there was
 Many customs and traditions persist despite no male heir.
westernization.  Had the exclusive right to name their children.
 Men walked behind women as a sign of
SOCIETY respect
 Philippine pre-colonial society had similarities
and differences with the present. MARRIAGE CUSTOMS
 Some aspects have survived despite  Monogamy was common; wives called asawa,
modernization. concubines called friends.
 PANINILBIHAN – Man served the woman’s
MODE OF DRESSING family to prove dedication.
Men’s attire:  DOWRY (BIGAY-KAYA) – Given to bride’s family
• KANGGAN (SLEEVELESS JACKET) – Red for before marriage.
chiefs, black/blue for commoners.  PAMAMANHIKAN/PAMUMULUŊAN – Formal
• BAHAG (LOINCLOTH). meeting between both families
• PUTONG (TURBAN) – Signified social  before marriage.
status and achievements. (head)  BABAYLAN – Priestess who officiated weddings.
 Uncooked rice was thrown on the couple for
Women’s attire: good luck.
• BARO/CAMISA (SLEEVED JACKET).
• SAYA/PATADYONG (LONG SKIRT). GOVERNMENT
• TAPIS (RED/WHITE CLOTH WORN OVER THE  BARANGAY – Main unit (30-100 families), led by
SKIRT). a Datu.
 BUWIS (TAXES) – Paid to the Datu.
ORNAMENTS  SANGDUGUAN – Blood compact for alliances.
 kalumbiga (earrings), pendants, bracelets,  CONFLICTS – Settled through violence, might
leglets (parang choker). makes right.
 were mostly made of gold.
 tattoos were popular, symbolizing war records LAWS & JUDICIAL SYSTEM
and social status.  CUSTOMARY LAWS – Passed orally.
 WRITTEN LAWS – Made as needed.
ISLAS DEL PINTADOS  PUNISHMENTS – Fines, death, torture.
 UMALOHOKAN – Town crier who announced COLONIAL HISTORY
new laws.
 TRIAL BY ORDEAL – Guilt determined through SPANISH REGIME
painful tests (boiling water, underwater tests,  period of birth of modern science and
etc.). technology in the Philippines.
 ended with the country being recognized for its
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS primary agricultural exporting capacity.
 POLYTHEISTIC – Worshipped many gods.  education, medicine and pharmacy remained
 Bathalang Maykapal – Creator. the most developed professions in the science
 Sidapa – God of Death. field
 Lalahon – Goddess of Harvest. REMARKABLE EVENTS AND ADVANCEMENTS:
 Siginarugan – God of Hell.  Politics
 Diyan Masalanta – Goddess of Love.  Education
 ANITOS/DIWATAS – Worshipped idols.  Medicine
 BABAYLAN/KATALONA – Priestesses who  Agriculture
communicated with spirits.  Economy
 LIKHA/LARAWAN – Carved idols for the dead.
AMERICAN PERIOD
BURIAL CUSTOMS - marked the rapid advancement of science and
 BURIED UNDER HOUSES with valuables. technology in the Philippines.
 FIRES LIT UNDER HOUSES to protect the dead  Scholarship grants in science and engineering.
from spirits.  Establishment of science-based public services.
 PROFESSIONAL MOURNERs were hired.
 LARAW – Mourning for a datu, with strict RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
prohibitions.
 PASIYAM – A ritual on the ninth day after death.
 BALATA – Vengeance for murdered relatives
before mourning ends.

DIVINATION & MAGIC CHARMS

 PANGATAUHAN (Soothsayers) predicted the
future.

AGRICLUTURE ESTABLISHMENT OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT (1900–1901)

 MAIN CROPS: Rice, coconuts, sugarcane,  The Philippine Commission, led by William
cotton, hemp, bananas, oranges. Howard Taft, arrived in Manila on June 3, 1900
 IRRIGATION – Used in places like Ifugao Rice to establish a government aligned with Filipino
Terraces. customs.
 $1,000,000 was allocated for road and bridge
LIVESTOCK & FOOD repairs.
 Carabaos, pigs, chickens, goats, native ponies  From September 1900 to August 1902, more
were raised. than 400 laws were enacted.
 TUBA – Fermented palm liquor.  inaugurated on July 4, 1901, with
 William Howard Taft as the first Civil Governor.
FISHING & MINING In 1905, the title changed to Governor-General.
 Fishing tools: Nets, spears, wicker baskets,
hooks, fish poison. PHILIPPINE BILL OF 1902 (COOPER ACT)
 PEARL FISHERIES – Thrived in Sulu.  Sponsored by U.S. Representative Henry A.
 MINING – Gold was mined and traded. Cooper of Wisconsin.
 Passed on July 1, 1902, creating the Philippine
TRADE & COMMERCE Assembly as the first elected legislative body.
 BARTER SYSTEM – No currency. KEY PROVISIONS:
1. Established a Bill of Rights for Filipinos.
CULTURE 2. Allowed for two Filipino resident
 Malayan influence in structure and traditions. commissioners in the U.S. Congress (without
 Diverse music & dance for various occasions. voting rights).
3. Established a Philippine Assembly after a
WRITING SYSTEM census and complete peace restoration.
 Writing Direction: Believed to be top to bottom, 4. Placed executive power under a Civil
left to right. Governor managing various departments.
5. Mandated conservation of Philippine
natural resources for Filipinos.
PHILIPPINE ASSEMBLY (1907)  Bureau of Science – Continued research in
 The first national elections were held on July 30, agriculture, health, and industry, but its
1907 for Filipino lawmakers. activities were disrupted by the war.
 Infrastructure Projects
MANUEL L. QUEZON (1909–1916)  Healthcare Improvements
 Resident Commissioner in the U.S. from 1909 to
1916. EDUCATION AND SOCIETY
 Advocated strongly against policies harmful to  Commonwealth Act No. 180 (Bureau of Private
Filipino interests. Education, 1936) – Regulated private schools
and standardized education.
JONES LAW OF 1916 (PHILIPPINE AUTONOMY ACT)  Promotion of Filipino Identity
 World War II Disruptions

ECONOMIC AND AGRICULTURAL ADVANCES

 Agricultural Modernization – Research on rice,
sugar, and coconut production improved
farming techniques.
 Industrial Growth – Small industries and local
manufacturing were encouraged, but
development was limited due to American
economic policies.

IMPACT OF WORLD WAR II

THE WOOD-FORBES MISSION (1921)  The war caused destruction of scientific
 Gen. Leonard Wood and Gov. Gen. W. institutions, halted research, and led to
Cameron Forbes assessed Filipino readiness for economic collapse.
independence.  After the war, the Philippines had to rebuild its
 Their report recommended delaying institutions, leading to more significant
independence, stating Filipinos were not yet advancements in science and technology in
prepared. the post-colonial period.

OSROX MISSION (1931–1933) PRE COLONIAL HISTORY

RELIGION
Introduction of Protestantism:
• Presbyterians (1899)
• Baptists (1900)
• Disciples of Christ (1905)
• Methodist Episcopalians (1908)

COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
- the Philippines saw developments in science,
technology, and society, but progress was slowed
by World War II (1941–1945). Here are the key
aspects: MODERN PHILIPPINES
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Period after Independence
 National Research Council of the Philippines  Several state and private universities were
(NRCP) (1933) - it became more active in established under the supervision of the
promoting scientific research during this time. Department of Education and Culture.
 However, few graduates pursued agriculture,
science, and engineering due to low job
 opportunities, long study periods, and high
costs.
BELL MISSION (US RECOMMENDATION)
 Encouraged the exploration of natural
resources for economic growth.
 Local industries lacked technical information
and research funding.
INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE
 Established to address scientific research
problems.
 Aimed to improve industrial activities and
technological development.
SCIENCE ACT OF 1958 (RA 2067)
 NSDB - responsible for science policies and
coordination of science institutions.
NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUTHORITY
(NSTA) – 1982
 NSDB was restructured into NSTA with four
research councils:
 PCARRD – Agriculture & Resources
Research
(WEEK 4) INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT DEFINED
 PCIERD – Industry & Energy Research
SOCEITY
 PCHRD – Health Research
 NRCP – General Research
REVOLUTION - A WIDE-REACHING CHANGE IN THE
WAY SOMETHING WORKS, ORGANIZED OR CHANGE
BIRTH OF DOST (1987)
IN PEOPLE’S IDEAS ABOUT IT.
 Transformed into the Department of Science
NATURAL SELECTION - PROCESS THAT RESULTS IN THE
and Technology (DOST) to enhance science
ADAPTION OF AN ORGANISM TO ITS ENVIRONMENT
and technology in national development.
BY MEANS OF SELECTIVELY REPRODUCING
CHANGES IN GENERIC CONSTITUTION.
PERSONALITY - COMBINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS
OR QUALITIES THAT FORM AN INDIVIDUAL’S
DISTINCTIVE CHARACTER.
BEHAVIOR - RANGE OF ACTIONS AND MANNERISMS
MADE BY INDIVIDUALS.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLEGENCE - INTELLEGENT BEHAVIOR
BY MACHINES RATHER THAN THE NATURAL
INTELLEGENCE OF HUMANS AND OTHER ANIMALS.
CIVILIZATIONS - COMPLEX HUMAN SOCIETY IN
WHICH PEOPLE LIVE IN GROUPS OF SETTLED
DWELLINGS.

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION
 Pre-Socratic
 Non-theological
 First Philosophy

3 CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES
1.The world is a natural whole
2.There is a natural ‘order’ (‘laws of nature’)
3.Humans can ‘discover’ those laws

COPERNICAN
 Nicholas Copernicus (1473-1543)
 mathematician & an astronomer
 Proposed that the sun was stationary in the
center of the universe and earth revolves
around it.
 On the Revolutions of the Heavenly
Spheres (Introduced heliocentric model
and proposed that the Earth and other
planets orbit the Sun).
 4 ELEMENTS  TZOLKIN CALENDAR - WO MONTHS OF 13
 EARTH DAYS EACH FOR 260 DAYS (USED
 WATER PRIMARILY FOR CEREMONIAL PURPOSES).
 AIR  AZTEC CALENDAR - 365 DAY
 FIRE AGRICULTURAL CALENDAR, 260 DAY
SCARED CALENDAR.
ARISTOTLE - he believed that the earth is the true
center of all the orbs caryying the heavenly bodies ASIAN CIVILIZATION
around it and all motions are ‘uniform’ and BORE 2 OF THE WORLD’S GREAT EARLY CIVILIZATIONS:
unchanging. 1. INDUS RIVER VALLEY (INDIA)
 HINDUISM
DARWINIAN  BUDDHISM
 All living organisms are related and have 2. HUANG HO (CHINA)
descended from a common ancestor.  CONFUCIANISM
 Naturalistic descent with modification.
 Natural Selection. MIDDLE EAST CIVILIZATION
 Cradle of Civilization
FREUDIAN  Gave the rest of the world the first writing
SIGMUND FREUD - father of psychoanalysis and one system
of the 20th century’s most influential thinkers.  Potter’s wheel - a machine used in the shaping
(known as throwing) of clay into round ceramic
THREE COMPONENT PARTS OF THE MIND: ware. A wheel used for pottery or clay molding.
1. ID (INTRUSIVE THOUGHTS) - MADE OF  Vehicular and Mill Wheel - used for wheeled
UNCONSCIOUS PSYCHIC ENERGY THAT WORKS vehicles
TO SATISFY BASIC URGES, NEEDS, AND DESIRES.  1st generalized government and law code.
2. SUPEREGO (KONSENSYA) - COMPOSED OF  Birthplace for the first city-states (with high
PEOPLE’S INTERNALIZED IDEALS ACQUIRED degree of division labor).
FROM PARENTS AND SOCIETY.  Social stratification - society’s categorization
3. EGO (NAG B-BALANCE SA DALAWA) - based on socioeconomic factors.
MEDIATES THE DEMANDS OF ID, THE SUPEREGO
AND THE REALITY. AFRICAN CIVILIZATION
 FARMING AND SLAVES
INFORMATION REVOLUTION  ACHIEVEMENTS
 ACCOMPANIED THE HISTORY OF MANKIND  MATHEMATICS - FIRST METHOD OF
 SUMERIAN PICTOGRAPHS - early forms of writing. COUNTING
 GUTENBERG’S PRINTING PRESS  ASTRONOMY - ASTRONOMICAL
 ANALYTIC ENGINE - general-purpose computer DOSCOVERIES LIKE SATURN’S RING,
 1ST TELEPHONE JUPITER’S MOON, SPIRAL STRUCUTRE OF THE
 TURING’S WORK MILKY WAY AND THE ORBIT OF THE SIRIUS
 ALAN TURING - British Mathematician. STAR.
 TURING MACHINE - a mathematical model  METALLURGY AND TOOLS
of computation describing an abstract  AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING - THE
machine that manipulates symbols on a GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA, THE GREAT
strip of tape according to a table of rules. SPHINX OF GIZA.
 TURING TEST - to test if a machine has an  NAVIGATION
ability to exhibit human intelligence or  MEDICINE
higher.
(WEEK 5) THE PHILIPPINE SCIENCE AND
MESOAMERICAN CIVILIZATION TECHNOLOGY AGENDA AND DEVELOPMENT
 AGRICULTURE PROGRAMS
 THE MAIN FOOD SOURCES IN
MESOAMERICA WERE BEANS, CORN, AND THE HNRDA (2017 - 2022)
SQUASH FORMING A TRIAD OF PRODUCTS - HARMONIZED NATIONAL R & D AGENDA
KNOWN AS THE “THREE SISTERS”. - IN LINE WITH AmBisyon Natin 2040: MATATAG,
 RUBBER BALLS - USED IN PERFORMANCE MAGINHAWA AT PANATAG NA BUHAY PARA SA
GAMES LAHAT
 FORMED TERRACES ALONG THE SLOPES OF THREE PILLARS:
MOUNTAIN VALLEYS.  MALASAKIT
 CALENDAR  PAGBABAGO
 CIVIL CALENDAAR (HAAB) - 18 MONTHS OF  KAUNLARAN
20 DAYS EAACH, FOR A TOTAL OF 30 DAYS
FOR EACH CYCLE
5 SECTOR OF HNRDA - EVALUATING AND FINALIZING THE AGENDA
1. NATIONAL INTEGRATED BASIC RESEARCH AGENDA FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND
A. WATER SECURITY CLIMATE CHANGE
B. FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY 7. Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and
C. HEALTH SUFFICIENCY Natural Resources Research and Development
D. CLEAN ENERGY (PCAARRD)
E. SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY - CONDUCTS A CONSULTATION WITH THE
F. INCLUSIVE NATION-BUILDING REPRESENTATIVE FROMOTHER AGENCIES

2. HEALTH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AGENDA GOVERNMENT POLICIES PERTAINING TO SCIENCE

- DIAGNOSIS AND TECHNOLOGY
- DRUG DISCOVERY 1. REPUBLIC ACT 10055 - PHILIPPINE TECHNOLOGY
- HEALTH TRANSFER ACT OF 2009
2. REPUBLIC ACT 2067 - SCIENCE ACT OF 1958
3. AGRICULTURE AQUATIC AND NATURAL
RESOURCES MAJOR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS AND
- CROPS PERSONALITIES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN
- LIVESTOCK THE PHILIPPINES
- AGRICULTURE
- FORESTRY DOST IS THE PRIME MOVER
- SOCIO ECONOMICS I. BALIK SCIENCTIST PROGRAM
 launched to motivate well- trained
4. INDUSTRY ENERGY AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGY overseas Filipino experts in their own fields.
- COUNTRYSIDE DEVELOPMENT II. IRRADIATED CARRAGEENAN FERTILIZER
- COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY  Funded program of PCAARD
 Collaboration between Nuclear scientist
5. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE and Agriculturist.
ADAPTION  Resiliency of Rice plants increasing the
- OBSERVATION AND MONITORING NETWORKS yield by 65 %.
III. CARA-VITA ORGANIC FERTILIZER
AGENCIES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE IMPLENTATION OF  50 million worth program
THE HARMONIZED R & D AGENDA (2017-2022)  Has been tried in the fields of Pulilan,
Bulacan, Los Banos, Cabanatuan, Nueva
1. Department of Science and Technology(DOST) Ecija and Iloilo.
- LEAD AGENCY IV. ELECTRIC TRAIN PROJECT
 created to enhance the efficiency of
2. National Research Council of the Philippines public mass transport system.
(NRCP)  ERT was adopted by the Department of
- 4,000 RESEARCHERS ASSIGNED TO Transportations and Communications.
PROMOTE BASIC RESEARCHES IN PH V. PROJECT NOAH
 Nationwide Operational Assessment of
3. Philippine Council for Health Research and Hazard
Development (PCHRD)  With the collaboration of three agencies:
- NATIONAL COORDINATING BODY FOR PAGASA, PHIVOLCS and ASTI (Advance
HEALTH RESEARCH IN THE COUNTRY science and Technology institute)

4. Philippine Council of Industry, Energy, and COMPONENTS OF PROJECT NOAH

Emerging Technology Research and Development 1. Coastal Hazards and Storm Surge
(PCIEERD) Assessment and Mitigation
- STRENGTHEN SUPPORT IN RESEARCH AND (CHASSAM)
DEVELOPMENT 2. Disaster Risk Exposure Assessment for
Mitigation- Light Detection and Ranging
5. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and (DREAM-LIDAR) Project
Seismology (PHIVOLCS) 3. Distribution of Hydrometeorological
-EVALUATE AGENDA FOR DISASTER RISK Devices in had-hit areas in the Philippines
REDUCTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE (Hydromet)
ADAPTATION 4. Enhancing Geohazards Mapping through
LIDAR technology
6. Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and 5. 5Flood Information Network (FloodNET)
Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) Project
6. Landslide Sensors Development Project
 7. Local Development of Doppler Radar  Foundation of people’s creativity, originality,
Systems (LaDDeRS) and inventiveness.
8. Weather Hazard Information Project (WHIP)
PHILIPPINE INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGHIES
VI. DISASTER RISK AND EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT FOR 1. YOYO (PEDRO FLORES)
MITIGATION PROGRAM (DREAM) 2. MEDICAL INCUBATOR (DR. FE DEL MUNDO)
 Three-dimensional (3D) mapping program 3. ERYTHROMYCIN (DR. ABELARDO AGUILAR)
 Considered one of the most extensive 4. PATIS (RUPERTA DAVID)
mapping systems in Southeast Asia 5. BANANA CATSUP (MARIA OROSA Y YLAGAN)
 Developed by Filipino scientists 6. ANTICANCER CREAM (ROLANDO DE LA CRUZ)
7. 16-BIT MICROCHIP (DIOSDADO BANATAO)
(WEEK 6) SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND NATION 8. MOLE REMOVER (ROLANDO DE LA CRUZ)
BUILDING

THE PHILIPPINE SCIENCE EDUCATION SYSTEM Week 7 (pages 81-95)

 Department of Education (DepED) Week 8 (pages 99-126)
 Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
PS. KAYO NA BAHALA SA TWO
IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE CHAPTERS NA YAN HEHE
 It is our way of life.
 It enhances the learner’s questioning skills,
values and attitudes, and critical thinking skills.

 Scientific Learning
K12 PROGRAM
 Aims to develop learners to make judgments
and apply what they have learned.
 Provides learners with a repertoire of
competencies important in the world of work
and in a knowledge-based society.

3 DOMAINS OF SCIENCE CURRICULUM (K+12)

1. Understanding and applying scientific
knowledge in local setting as well as
global context whenever possible.
2. Performing scientific processes and skills.
3. Developing and Demonstrating scientific
attitudes and values.
 Philippine Science High School System - a
specialized public high school system in the
Philippines which operates as an attached
agency of the DOST.
 16 campuses
 The Problem in Science Education
 Begins with the ratio of students to the
teacher and the ratio of students to the
classroom
 Lack of science education facilities
 Limited scholarships

SELECTED INDIGENOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 INDIGENOUS SCIENCE - A PRODUCT OF
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE PERFECTED BY MAN
THROUGH LIFE EXPERIENCES.
 INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGY - PRODUCT OR
PROCESS RESULTING FROM THE CONTINUOUS
PURSUIT OF INDIGENOUS SCIENCE.

INDIGENOUS SCIENCE
 Product of indigenous knowledge perfected
by people through life experiences.