🟢 Section A – Multiple Choice Questions (1 × 20 = 20 Marks)
Attempt all questions
1. The image formed by a concave mirror when the object is placed at the focus is:
A. Real and inverted
B. Virtual and erect
C. Real and enlarged
D. Highly enlarged and virtual
2. What is the pH of a neutral solution?
A. 0
B. 14
C. 7
D. 1
3. Which part of the nephron is responsible for ultrafiltration?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Collecting duct
C. Glomerulus
D. Tubule
4. Which reaction is a combination reaction?
A. CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂
B. AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃
C. Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂
D. Pb(NO₃)₂ → PbO + NO₂ + O₂
5. The unit of power of a lens is:
A. Meter
B. Dioptre
C. Centimeter
D. Hertz
6. Acid present in vinegar is:
A. Formic acid
B. Acetic acid
C. Citric acid
D. Hydrochloric acid
7. Which of the following is a strong base?
A. NH₄OH
B. Ca(OH)₂
C. NaOH
D. Mg(OH)₂
8. What is the function of bile in digestion?
A. Digest proteins
B. Emulsify fats
C. Digest carbohydrates
D. Produce enzymes
9. What is the use of convex mirror in vehicles?
A. To enlarge images
B. For decoration
C. As rear-view mirrors
D. To heat light rays
10. Which gas is evolved when zinc reacts with HCl?
A. Oxygen
B. Hydrogen
C. Nitrogen
D. Chlorine
11. Which part of the human digestive system produces HCl?
A. Mouth
B. Small intestine
C. Liver
D. Stomach
12. A decomposition reaction is usually:
A. Endothermic
B. Exothermic
C. Neutral
D. Reversible
13. What is the SI unit of refractive index?
A. m/s
B. No unit
C. Dioptre
D. Candela
14. Which organ removes nitrogenous waste from the body?
A. Heart
B. Liver
C. Kidney
D. Lungs
15. What is the colour of phenolphthalein in base?
A. Colourless
B. Blue
C. Pink
D. Red
16. Which mirror is used in a solar furnace?
A. Convex mirror
B. Plane mirror
C. Concave mirror
D. None of these
17. What is the chemical formula of plaster of Paris?
A. CaSO₄
B. CaSO₄·2H₂O
C. CaSO₄·½H₂O
D. CaCO₃
18. Which process occurs in mitochondria?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Transpiration
D. Digestion
19. Which lens is used to correct myopia?
A. Convex lens
B. Concave lens
C. Biconvex lens
D. Cylindrical lens
20. What is the function of chlorophyll?
A. Breaks down proteins
B. Absorbs oxygen
C. Absorbs light for photosynthesis
D. Produces enzymes
🔵 Section B – Very Short Answer Questions (2 × 10 = 20 Marks)
21. State the laws of reflection.
22. Write two differences between real and virtual images.
23. Define oxidation and reduction with examples.
24. Why is respiration considered an exothermic process?
25. Write two uses of plaster of Paris.
26. What happens when sodium carbonate reacts with HCl?
27. Write any two differences between acids and bases.
28. What happens to a ray of light when it passes from air to water?
29. Write one example each of displacement and double displacement reaction.
30. What is the role of diaphragm during inhalation and exhalation?
🟠 Section C – Case/Activity Based Questions (3 × 8 = 24 Marks)
Attempt any 8
31. A student tests the pH of four liquids – A: red, B: green, C: dark blue, D: orange (from
universal indicator). Identify acid, base, and neutral.
32. A beam of light passes through a convex lens. Draw ray diagrams for objects:
a) At 2F
b) Between F and optical center
33. A student burns glucose and notices water droplets and gas bubbles. Write the chemical
reaction and reason for observations.
34. A student finds a white powder CaSO₄·½H₂O. Identify it. Write preparation and one use.
35. Red litmus remains red in dry HCl gas but turns blue with NaOH. Explain why.
36. A person has difficulty seeing distant objects. Which lens is used? Draw diagram and name
the defect.
37. Two students observe white fumes from a magnesium ribbon burning. Write the reaction
and type of chemical change.
38. Explain why lime water turns milky when exhaled air is passed through it.
39. Explain the role of villi in absorption of food. Mention where they are found.
🔴 Section D – Short Answer Questions (4 × 6 = 24 Marks)
40. Draw a labeled diagram of the human excretory system and explain the function of kidneys.
41. What are different types of chemical reactions? Explain with equations.
42. Describe image formation by a concave mirror for different object positions.
43. Explain the structure and function of nephron.
44. Describe the process of human digestion with labeled diagram.
45. Explain refraction of light through a glass slab with ray diagram.
🟣 Section E – Long Answer Questions (5 × 2 = 10 Marks)
46.
a) Describe the process of photosynthesis with its equation.
b) Mention two factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis.
47.
a) Describe the structure and working of human heart.
b) Draw a neat labeled diagram of the heart.
