CLASS X - SCIENCE

DAILY PRACTICE PAPER

Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 80

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
1. This question paper comprises five sections – A, B, C, D and E.
2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions.
3. Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each.
4. Section B consists of 6 questions of 2 marks each.
5. Section C consists of 7 questions of 3 marks each.
6. Section D consists of 3 questions of 5 marks each.
7. Section E consists of 3 case-based questions of 4 marks each.

SECTION A

Select the most appropriate answer from the given options: (1×20=20 marks)
1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in nutrition in Amoeba?
a) Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion
b) Digestion → Ingestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion
c) Ingestion → Absorption → Digestion → Assimilation → Egestion
d) Assimilation → Digestion → Ingestion → Absorption → Egestion
2. The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called:
a) Villi
b) Alveoli
c) Nephrons
d) Stomata
3. Which gas is released during photosynthesis?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Oxygen
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen
4. The opening and closing of stomatal pores is controlled by:
a) Epidermal cells
b) Guard cells
c) Mesophyll cells
d) Companion cells
5. Pepsin enzyme works in:
a) Acidic medium
b) Basic medium
c) Neutral medium
d) Both acidic and basic medium
6. The refractive index of a medium is the ratio of:
a) Speed of light in vacuum to speed of light in the medium
b) Speed of light in the medium to speed of light in vacuum
c) Wavelength in vacuum to wavelength in the medium
d) Frequency in vacuum to frequency in the medium
7. A concave mirror produces a real, inverted and enlarged image when object is placed:
a) At focus
b) Between focus and pole
c) Between focus and center of curvature
d) Beyond center of curvature
8. The phenomenon of bending of light when it passes from one medium to another is called:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Dispersion
d) Interference
9. Which part of the human eye acts like the diaphragm of a camera?
a) Cornea
b) Iris
c) Lens
d) Retina
10. The least distance of distinct vision for a normal human eye is:
a) 25 mm
b) 25 cm
c) 25 m
d) 2.5 m
11. A balanced chemical equation must have:
a) Same number of atoms on both sides
b) Same number of molecules on both sides
c) Same number of compounds on both sides
d) Same molecular mass on both sides
12. Which of the following is a combination reaction?
a) CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂
b) 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
c) Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂
d) AgNO₃ + HCl → AgCl + HNO₃
13. When magnesium burns in air, it forms:
a) Magnesium oxide
b) Magnesium hydroxide
c) Magnesium carbonate
d) Magnesium chloride
14. Rancidity can be prevented by:
a) Antioxidants
b) Keeping food in airtight containers
c) Storing at low temperature
d) All of the above
15. The reaction CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O is an example of:
a) Combination reaction
b) Decomposition reaction
c) Redox reaction
d) Precipitation reaction
16. Blood is pumped to the lungs by:
a) Left atrium
b) Left ventricle
c) Right atrium
d) Right ventricle
17. The image formed by a convex mirror is always:
a) Real and erect
b) Virtual and erect
c) Real and inverted
d) Virtual and inverted
18. When white light passes through a prism, it splits into:
a) 5 colors
b) 6 colors
c) 7 colors
d) 8 colors
19. Which enzyme converts starch into sugar in human digestive system?
a) Pepsin
b) Trypsin
c) Amylase
d) Lipase
20. The focal length of a concave mirror is 15 cm. Its radius of curvature is:
a) 7.5 cm
b) 15 cm
c) 30 cm
d) 45 cm

SECTION B

Answer the following questions: (2×6=12 marks)

21. What is the significance of emulsification of fats? Where does it occur in the human body?
22. Why is transportation of materials necessary in plants and animals? Give two reasons.
23. State the laws of refraction of light. Write the formula relating refractive index with speed of
light.
24. Differentiate between real and virtual images.
25. Balance the following chemical equations:
a) Al + O₂ → Al₂O₃
b) C₂H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
26. What is meant by precipitation reaction? Give one example with balanced chemical
equation.

SECTION C

Answer the following questions: (3×7=21 marks)

27. Describe the process of nutrition in Amoeba with the help of a diagram.
28. Explain the mechanism of breathing in human beings. What is the role of diaphragm in
breathing?
29. An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm. Find
the position and nature of the image formed. OR
Draw ray diagrams to show the formation of images by a concave mirror when object is placed:
(i) beyond center of curvature (ii) at the focus
30. Explain the structure and functioning of human eye. What are the common defects of vision?
31. What is meant by refraction of light? State the cause of refraction. Why does a stick appear
bent when partly immersed in water?
32. What is oxidation and reduction in terms of gain or loss of oxygen? Give two examples of
each.
33. Explain the types of chemical reactions with examples:
a) Combination reaction
b) Decomposition reaction
c) Displacement reaction

SECTION D

Answer the following questions: (5×3=15 marks)

34. Describe the structure and functioning of nephron. How is urine formation regulated in
human beings?
35. Derive the mirror formula for a concave mirror. An object 5 cm tall is placed 30 cm away
from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. Calculate the position, size and nature of the image
formed. OR
What is power of accommodation of human eye? Explain the correction of myopia and
hypermetropia with ray diagrams.
36. What are redox reactions? Identify the substance oxidized and reduced in the following
reactions:
a) MnO₂ + 4HCl → MnCl₂ + 2H₂O + Cl₂
b) 2Cu + O₂ → 2CuO
Also explain why decomposition reactions are called opposite of combination reactions.

SECTION E

Case-based Questions: (4×3=12 marks)

37. Photosynthesis in Plants
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using carbon
dioxide from air and water from soil in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. The overall
equation can be written as:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ + Energy
Based on the above information, answer the following:
a) Name the site where photosynthesis occurs in plants. (1)
b) What is the source of oxygen released during photosynthesis? (1)
c) Why is photosynthesis considered an endothermic reaction? (1)
d) What would happen if there were no green plants on earth? (1)
38. Human Transportation System
Human circulatory system consists of heart, blood vessels and blood. The heart is a muscular
organ with four chambers. It acts as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body. The upper
chambers are called atria and lower chambers are called ventricles.
Based on the above information, answer the following:
a) Which chamber of heart has the thickest muscular wall and why? (1)
b) What prevents the backflow of blood in heart? (1)
c) Name the blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs. (1)
d) Why is it necessary for ventricles to have thick muscular walls? (1)
39. Reflection and Mirrors
A student observed that when an object is placed in front of a mirror, different types of images
are formed depending on the type of mirror and position of object. Concave mirrors can form
both real and virtual images while convex mirrors always form virtual images.
Based on the above information, answer the following:
a) Which type of mirror is used as rear-view mirror in vehicles and why? (1)
b) At what position should an object be placed in front of a concave mirror to get an image of
same size? (1)
c) A concave mirror has focal length 20 cm. Where should the object be placed to get a virtual
image? (1)
d) What is the magnification when image size equals object size? (1)

ANSWER KEY
SECTION A - Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)
1. a) Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion
2. a) Villi
3. b) Oxygen
4. b) Guard cells
5. a) Acidic medium
6. a) Speed of light in vacuum to speed of light in the medium
7. c) Between focus and center of curvature
8. b) Refraction
9. b) Iris
10. b) 25 cm
11. a) Same number of atoms on both sides
12. b) 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
13. a) Magnesium oxide
14. d) All of the above
15. c) Redox reaction
16. d) Right ventricle
17. b) Virtual and erect
18. c) 7 colors
19. c) Amylase
20. c) 30 cm

SECTION B - Short Answer Questions (2 marks each)

21. Significance of emulsification of fats:
Emulsification breaks down large fat globules into smaller droplets, increasing surface area
for enzyme action
This process occurs in the small intestine with the help of bile salts from liver
It facilitates better digestion of fats by lipase enzyme
22. Transportation of materials is necessary because:
In plants: To transport water, minerals from roots to leaves and food from leaves to other
parts
In animals: To transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones to cells and remove waste products
Distance between absorption and utilization sites makes transportation essential
23. Laws of refraction:
First law: Incident ray, refracted ray and normal lie in the same plane
Second law: sin i/sin r = constant (Snell's law)
Formula: Refractive index (μ) = c/v, where c = speed of light in vacuum, v = speed of light
in medium
24. Difference between real and virtual images:

Real Image Virtual Image

Can be obtained on screen Cannot be obtained on screen

Formed by actual intersection of light rays Formed by apparent intersection of light rays

Always inverted Always erect

Example: Image in camera Example: Image in plane mirror

25. Balanced chemical equations:

a) 4Al + 3O₂ → 2Al₂O₃
b) 2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O
26. Precipitation reaction:
A reaction in which an insoluble solid (precipitate) is formed when two aqueous solutions are
mixed
 Example: AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl↓ + NaNO₃
AgCl is the white precipitate formed

SECTION C - Long Answer Questions (3 marks each)

27. Nutrition in Amoeba:
Ingestion: Amoeba engulfs food particles by forming pseudopodia around them
Digestion: Food vacuole fuses with lysosomes containing digestive enzymes
Absorption: Digested food is absorbed into cytoplasm
Assimilation: Absorbed nutrients are used for growth and energy
Egestion: Undigested food is expelled out through cell membrane
28. Mechanism of breathing:
Inspiration: Diaphragm contracts and moves down, ribcage moves up and outward
This increases chest cavity volume, decreasing pressure, air rushes into lungs
Expiration: Diaphragm relaxes and moves up, ribcage moves down and inward
This decreases chest cavity volume, increasing pressure, air is expelled out
Role of diaphragm: Main muscle of breathing, creates pressure changes for air movement
29. Concave mirror calculation:
Given: u = -30 cm, f = -20 cm
Using mirror formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
1/(-20) = 1/v + 1/(-30)
1/v = -1/20 + 1/30 = (-3+2)/60 = -1/60
Therefore, v = -60 cm
Position: 60 cm in front of mirror
Nature: Real, inverted, enlarged (since |v| > |u|)
30. Structure and functioning of human eye:
Cornea: Transparent layer, provides most of the refraction
Iris: Controls amount of light entering eye
Lens: Provides fine adjustment of focal length
Retina: Contains light-sensitive cells (rods and cones)
Common defects: Myopia (nearsightedness), Hypermetropia (farsightedness), Presbyopia
31. Refraction of light:
Bending of light when it passes from one medium to another
Cause: Change in speed of light in different media
Stick appears bent: Light from underwater portion bends away from normal when entering
air, making the stick appear bent at water surface
32. Oxidation and reduction:
Oxidation: Gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen
Examples: 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO, C + O₂ → CO₂
Reduction: Loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen
Examples: CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O, ZnO + C → Zn + CO
33. Types of chemical reactions:
a) Combination: Two or more reactants combine to form single product
Example: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
b) Decomposition: Single reactant breaks down into two or more products
Example: 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂
c) Displacement: More reactive element displaces less reactive element
Example: Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu

SECTION D - Very Long Answer Questions (5 marks each)

34. Structure and functioning of nephron:
Structure: Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule,
collecting duct
Functioning:
Filtration: Blood is filtered at glomerulus, forming filtrate
Reabsorption: Useful substances like glucose, amino acids reabsorbed
Secretion: Waste products actively secreted into urine
Regulation: ADH hormone controls water reabsorption, aldosterone controls salt balance
Final urine: Concentrated waste product expelled from body
35. Mirror formula derivation and calculation:
Derivation: Using similar triangles and sign conventions
1/f = 1/v + 1/u (where f = focal length, v = image distance, u = object distance)
Given: Object height = 5 cm, u = -30 cm, f = -10 cm
Calculation: 1/v = 1/f - 1/u = 1/(-10) - 1/(-30) = -1/10 + 1/30 = -2/30 = -1/15
Therefore, v = -15 cm
Magnification: m = -v/u = -(-15)/(-30) = -0.5
Image height: = 0.5 × 5 = 2.5 cm
Nature: Real, inverted, diminished
36. Redox reactions:
 Reactions involving simultaneous oxidation and reduction
a) MnO₂ + 4HCl → MnCl₂ + 2H₂O + Cl₂
Oxidized: HCl (Cl⁻ to Cl₂)
Reduced: MnO₂ (Mn⁴⁺ to Mn²⁺)
b) 2Cu + O₂ → 2CuO
Oxidized: Cu (Cu to Cu²⁺)
Reduced: O₂ (O₂ to O²⁻)
Decomposition vs Combination: Decomposition breaks down compounds while
combination builds them up, they are opposite processes

SECTION E - Case-based Questions (4 marks each)

37. Photosynthesis in Plants:
a) Chloroplasts (specifically in the grana/thylakoids)
b) Water molecules (H₂O is split to release oxygen)
c) Because it requires energy input from sunlight to proceed
d) No oxygen production, no food chain, life would not be sustainable on Earth
38. Human Transportation System:
a) Left ventricle, because it pumps blood to the entire body requiring higher pressure
b) Heart valves (bicuspid, tricuspid, semilunar valves)
c) Pulmonary artery
d) To generate sufficient pressure to pump blood throughout the circulatory system
39. Reflection and Mirrors:
a) Convex mirror, because it provides wider field of view and always forms diminished images
b) At the center of curvature (2f distance)
c) Between pole and focus (less than focal length)
d) +1 or -1 (depending on whether image is erect or inverted)

END OF PAPER