Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC
UNIVERSITY OF THE
PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND SATELLITE CAMPUSES
BIÑAN CAMPUS
The Process of Plant
Submitted By:
Odon, Marianne Jayne
Reyes, Princess Mia
Roweda, Mark Benjamin
Barangay Zapote, Biñan City, Laguna 4024
Direct Line: (049) 544-0627
Website: www.pup.edu.ph | Email:
[email protected]THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU
Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC
UNIVERSITY OF THE
PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND SATELLITE CAMPUSES
BIÑAN CAMPUS
I. Objectives:
After completing this module, learners are expected to be able to:
1. Describe the process of plant germination, including the roles of embryo,
cotyledon/endosperm, and seed coat in sprouting.
2. Draw or outline the stages of plant germination, such as sprout, seedling,
vegetative growth, budding, flowering, and ripening.
3. Explain the importance of growing plants, highlighting how they support life by
producing oxygen, food, and ecological balance.
II. Topic Outline:
Title: The Process of Plant
A. Seed Germination
a. Internal parts of a seed
● Embryo
● Cotyledon (or endosperm)
● Seed coat
b. Stages of seed germination
1. Imbibition
2. Radicle emergence
3. Plumule emergence
4. Development of hypocotyl and epicotyl
c. External conditions required
● Water
● Oxygen
● Temperature
● Light or darkness
Barangay Zapote, Biñan City, Laguna 4024
Direct Line: (049) 544-0627
Website: www.pup.edu.ph | Email:
[email protected]THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU
Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC
UNIVERSITY OF THE
PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND SATELLITE CAMPUSES
BIÑAN CAMPUS
B. Plant Growth Stages and Nutrient Needs
a. Growth stages
1. Sprout
2. Seedling.
3. Vegetative
4. Budding
5. Flowering
6. Ripening
b. Key nutrients by stage
● Nitrogen (N)
● Phosphorus (P)
● Potassium (K)
● Flushing (no added nutrients)
C. Importance of Growing Plants
● Provide oxygen and improve air quality
● Serve as a source of food and raw materials
● Support ecosystems, including animals and humans
● Aid in soil conservation and water cycle regulation
Barangay Zapote, Biñan City, Laguna 4024
Direct Line: (049) 544-0627
Website: www.pup.edu.ph | Email:
[email protected]THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU
Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC
UNIVERSITY OF THE
PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND SATELLITE CAMPUSES
BIÑAN CAMPUS
III. Content (Discussion of the Topics):
A. Seed Germination
Plant growth begins with seed germination, a process where the young plant, or
embryo, begins to grow inside a seed. Inside each seed are three main parts: the
embryo, which is the baby plant; the cotyledon or endosperm, which stores food to
nourish the embryo; and the seed coat, which is the outer covering that protects the
seed. Germination starts when the seed absorbs water in a process called imbibition,
causing it to swell and soften the seed coat. As the seed wakes up, the radicle, or the
first root, pushes out to anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients. Then, the
plumule, or the shoot that becomes the stem and leaves, emerges. The seed also
begins developing its hypocotyl (the young stem) and epicotyl (the part that grows into
the upper shoot system).
For successful germination, the seed needs four important external conditions:
water, which softens the seed coat and activates enzymes to break down stored food;
oxygen, which is needed for the seed’s respiration; the right temperature, since seeds
will only grow within a specific heat range; and either light or darkness, depending on
the type of plant, as some seeds only sprout when they detect sunlight.
B. Plant Growth Stages and Nutrient Needs
Once the seed has germinated, it enters the stages of plant growth. The first
stage is sprouting, where the seed uses its stored nutrients to grow its first leaves. This
is followed by the seedling stage, when the roots and shoots develop quickly with the
help of nutrients. Next is the vegetative stage, where the plant grows more leaves and
stems, needing lots of nitrogen (N) to make chlorophyll for photosynthesis. In the
budding stage, the plant prepares to produce flowers, so it uses more phosphorus
(P). During flowering, the plant forms flowers and fruits, needing potassium (K) to
transport sugars and nutrients. Finally, in the ripening stage, the fruits mature and the
plant may go through a process called flushing, where it receives only water and no
nutrients so it can use up the nutrients it already stored.
Barangay Zapote, Biñan City, Laguna 4024
Direct Line: (049) 544-0627
Website: www.pup.edu.ph | Email:
[email protected]THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU
Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC
UNIVERSITY OF THE
PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND SATELLITE CAMPUSES
BIÑAN CAMPUS
C. Importance of Growing Plants
Growing plants is important because they provide us with oxygen and help
clean the air. They are also a source of food, wood, medicine, and other raw
materials. Plants support ecosystems by offering shelter and food for animals and help
protect the soil from erosion. They also play a role in the water cycle, helping regulate
moisture in the environment. Understanding how plants grow helps us take better care
of nature and ensure food and resources for the future.
Barangay Zapote, Biñan City, Laguna 4024
Direct Line: (049) 544-0627
Website: www.pup.edu.ph | Email:
[email protected]THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU
