Introduction
Nguyen Thanh Tuan, M.Eng.
Click to edit Master subtitle style
Nguyen Khanh Loi, M.Eng.
Department of Telecommunications (113B3)
Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology
[email protected] Email:
[email protected] 1. Signals, Systems and Signal Processing
A signal is defined as any physical quantity that varies with time,
space, or any other independent variable or variables.
• Signals vary with independent variable
Ex: 𝑠 𝑡 = −𝑡 ! − 2𝑡 " + 6𝑡 + 1
This signal is completely described by a specific function with respect to
time.
Digital Signal Processing 2 Introduction
1. Signals, Systems and Signal Processing
A signal is defined as any physical quantity that varies with time,
space, or any other independent variable or variables.
• Signals vary with time
Ex: speech signal
No functional relationship to describe the signal
Digital Signal Processing 3 Introduction
1. Signals, Systems and Signal Processing
A signal is defined as any physical quantity that varies with time,
space, or any other independent variable or variables.
• Signals vary with space
Ex: electromagnetic field within a room
The function describing the signal is complicated.
Digital Signal Processing 4 Introduction
1. Signals, Systems and Signal Processing
A signal is defined as any physical quantity that varies with time,
space, or any other independent variable or variables.
• Signals vary with dimensions
Ex: the RGB value of an image
The function describing the signal is complicated.
Digital Signal Processing 5 Introduction
1. Signals, Systems and Signal Processing
System: is to change/extract information from the input signal
Analog signal system
Analog Analog signal Analog
input processor output
signal signal
Digital signal system
Analog Analog
A/D Digital Digital signal Digital D/A
input output
converter input processor output converter
signal signal
signal signal
Digital Signal Processing 6 Introduction
2. Advantages/Disadvantages of DSP
Signal processing:
v Advantages of digital signal processing over analog signal processing
§ Flexibility: the reconfiguration of digital programmable system may
only require the change of the program while it implies a redesign of the
hardware in analog systems.
§ Accuracy: it is easier to control the accuracy of digital system as
compared to analog systems.
§ Storage: digital signals are easily stored without deterioration or loss of
signal fidelity.
§ Cost: a digital implementation of the signal processing system is
cheaper than its analog counterpart.
Disadvantages of digital signal processing
§ Limited use in large bandwidth signals.
Digital Signal Processing 7 Introduction
3. Signal classification
a. Multichannel and multidimensional signals
- Signals which are generated by multiple sources or multiple sensors can be
represented in a vector form. Such a vector of signals is referred to as a multichannel
signals.
- A signal is called M-dimensional if its value is a function of M independent variables.
Ex: the color TV picture is a three-channel, three-dimensional signal.
Digital Signal Processing 8 Introduction
3. Signal classification
b. Continuous-Time versus Discrete-Time signals
• Continuous-time signal or analog signals are defined for every value of time and
they take on values in the continuous interval.
• Discrete-time signal are defined only at certain specific values of time. These time
instants need not be equidistant, but in practice they are usually taken at equally
spaced intervals.
Digital Signal Processing 9 Introduction
3. Signal classification
c. Continuous-valued versus discrete-valued signals
The values of a continuous-time or discrete-time signal can be continuous or discrete.
Continuous-valued signals: all possible values on a finite or infinite range.
Discrete-valued signals: values from a finite set of possible values.
Time
Continuous Discrete
Amplitue
x(t) x(n)
t n
Continuous
Analog signal Discrete time signal
xQ(t) 111 xQ(n)
110
101
100
t 011 n
Discrete 010
001
000
Quantized signal Digital signal
Digital Signal Processing 10 Introduction
4. DSP applications
a. Communications
Digital Signal Processing 11 Introduction
4. DSP applications
b. Image processing
Digital Signal Processing 12 Introduction
4. DSP applications
c. Speech
Digital Signal Processing 13 Introduction
4. DSP applications
d. Multimedia
Digital Signal Processing 14 Introduction
Outline
Ø Chapter 0: Introduction
Ø Chapter 1: Sampling and signal reconstruction
Ø Chapter 2: Quantization
Ø Chapter 3: Discrete-time systems
Ø Chapter 4: FIR filtering and Convolution
Ø Chapter 5: z-Transform
Ø Chapter 6: Transfer function and Digital Filter Realization
Ø Chapter 7: Frequency Analysis of Signals and Systems
References:
[1] J. G. Proakis and D. K. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 4th ed., 2006.
[2] S. J. Orfanidis, Introduction to Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 2010
Digital Signal Processing 15 Introduction
Assessment
Project: 20%
Laboratory: 20%
Final exam: 60%
Contact: Department of Telecommunications – 110B3/403H6
[email protected]Digital Signal Processing 16 Introduction
