🧮 Topic 1: Algebra (Approx.
200 lines)
Algebra is a core branch of mathematics that deals with symbols and the rules for
manipulating those symbols. Unlike arithmetic, which deals strictly with numbers, algebra
introduces variables—symbols that represent numbers whose values may not yet be known.
This fundamental shift allows for the creation of general formulas and equations that apply to
many situations, making algebra a powerful tool for problem-solving and abstract reasoning.
At its most basic level, algebra begins with elementary algebra, which is typically
introduced in middle and high school education. This includes the manipulation of simple
equations, understanding variables, solving for unknowns, and learning how expressions
can be simplified or factored. A common example might be solving for xxx in the equation
2x+3=112x + 3 = 112x+3=11. Solving this involves basic arithmetic and an understanding of
how to isolate variables.
One of the key concepts in algebra is the use of variables. A variable, often represented by
a letter like xxx, yyy, or zzz, stands in for a number. Variables allow mathematicians to write
equations and formulas that can be applied to many different situations. For example, the
formula for the area of a rectangle, A=l×wA = l \times wA=l×w, uses variables to represent
the length and width. This formula works for any rectangle, regardless of its specific
dimensions.
As students progress in their mathematical education, they encounter intermediate and
advanced algebra, which involve more complex functions and structures. Topics such as
quadratic equations, exponents, polynomials, and factoring techniques are introduced.
A quadratic equation, for instance, has the general form ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c =
0ax2+bx+c=0, and can be solved using the quadratic formula:
x=−b±b2−4ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}x=2a−b±b2−4ac
