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Atomic Structure Tutorial 2021 Students

The document is a tutorial on atomic structure covering various topics including calculations of frequency and energy of light, electron configurations, radioactive decay, and properties of isotopes. It includes specific problems related to the photoelectric effect, mass deficiency, and atomic orbital characteristics. Important constants and conversion units relevant to the calculations are also provided.

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1 views2 pages

Atomic Structure Tutorial 2021 Students

The document is a tutorial on atomic structure covering various topics including calculations of frequency and energy of light, electron configurations, radioactive decay, and properties of isotopes. It includes specific problems related to the photoelectric effect, mass deficiency, and atomic orbital characteristics. Important constants and conversion units relevant to the calculations are also provided.

Uploaded by

innocentmoffat85
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Atomic structure tutorial

1. Red colors in fireworks are due to emission of light with wavelengths of 650nm. Calculate the
frequency of red light of a wavelength 6.50x102nm.

2. The photoelectric work function () of potassium is 3.204 x 10-19J. Light of a wavelength of 360
nm falls onto the surface of the potassium.

3. Calculate the energy of a photon of EMR with a wavelength of 2.00 m. What is the energy (in kJ)
of 1 mole of photons?

4. Write the atomic symbol ( 𝐴𝑍𝑋) for each of the following isotopes.

i) Z = 8, number of neutrons = 9

ii) the isotope of chlorine in which A = 37

iii) number of protons = 26, number of neutrons = 31

5. For the following, write the electron configuration and draw atomic orbital diagrams showing
their degeneracy and energy level differences.

i) Cr

ii) S2-

iii) Mn

6. Calculate the mass deficiency and nuclear binding energy of 35Cl with actual mass 34.9689 amu
in kJ mol-1.

7. When atoms of uranium-238 (238U) decay, they produce another radionuclide called thorium-234
(234Th) which decays by emitting beta radiation. Name and describe the types of radioactive
decay that are taking place.

8. Thorium-234 decays by emitting beta radiation to form protactinium-234 (234Pa). What


differences are there between the nucleus of a protactinium-234 atom and the nucleus of a
thorium-234?

9. A particle has a velocity that is 90% of the speed of light. If the wavelength of the particle
is 1.5 × 10−15 𝑚, calculate the mass of the particle.

10. The electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from a 2p orbital to 3s orbital.

i) Is a photon emitted or absorbed during the transition?

ii) For the photon, calculate:


a) Energy

b) Wavelength (in nm)

11. Cesium is often used in electric eyes for self-opening doors in an application of the photoelectric
effect. A photon with enough energy, 3.89 electron volts (eV) of energy, will ionise the cesium
atom.

i) What frequency does light with this energy have?

ii) Will a beam of yellow light with wavelength 5830Å ionise the Cesium atom.

12. An atomic orbital has n=3

i) What are the possible values of l and ml

ii) Which of the following orbitals are possible: 1p 2s 2p 3f

Important constants and conversion units:

Speed of light (c) = 2.998 x 108 m s-1


Planck’s constant (h) = 6.626 x 10-34 J s
Ryndberg constant (RH) = 2.180 x 10-18 J
Avogadro’s number, NA=6.022x 1023 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Mass of electron, me =9.109 x 10-31 kg or 0.00054858 amu
Mass of proton, mp =1.673 x 10-27 kg or 1.0073 amu
Mass of neutron = 1.675 x 10-27 kg or 1.0087 amu
1 GHz = 109 s-1
1 eV=1.60 x 10-19J
1kg=6.022 x 1026 amu
1 J=1 kg.m2 s-2
1Å=10-10m

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