Importance or significance or Objectives

or purposes of Measures of Dispersion

1. To gauge the reliability of an average
2. To compare two or more series with regard
to variability and to determine the uniformity
3. To serve as a basis for the control of the
variability
4. To Facilitate as a basis for further statastical
analysis
Example: 1
From the following given information, calculate
the Range and Coefficient of Range:

Values 60 50 65 45 50 70 40
Range = Largest Value – Smallest Value
Given : L = 70 and S = 40
Range = 70 – 40
= 30

= 0.27
Example : 2
Calculate the Range and Coefficient of Range,
from the following

Wages 115 150 145 165 175 195 160

Range = Largest Value – Smallest Value
Given : L = 195 and S = 115
Range = 195 – 115
= 80

= 0.26
Example. 1
• Find out the inter-quartile range and quartile
deviation of the income of a certain person
for 7 months.
Income
1200 1500 1100 1400 1600 1300 1000
(Rs.)
First arrange the data in an ascending order
Income
1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600
(Rs.)

= 2nd Item = 6th Item

Q1 = 1100 Q3 = 1500

= 400
= 200
Example. 2
• Find out quartile deviation and its Coefficient
from the following data:

Earnings
600 800 500 900 400 700 300
(Rs.)
First arrange the data in an ascending order
Income
300 400 500 600 700 800 900
(Rs.)

= 2nd Item = 6th Item

Q1 = 400 Q3 = 800

QD = Rs. 200

= 0.33
Discrete and Continuous Series
 Example. 1
Calculate the QD and Coefficient of QD from the
following data:

Wages
0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
(Rs.)
No. of
20 40 45 50 25 15 30 15 10
Workers
Wages (Rs.) No. of Workers C.F
0-10 20 20
10-20 40 60
20-30 45 105
30-40 50 155
40-50 25 180
50-60 15 195
60-70 30 225
70-80 15 240
80-90 10 250
 = Size of 62.5th Item = Size of 187.5th Item
Q1 Class = 20-30 Q3 Class = 50-60
(62.5 lies in 105 of c.f. column and (187.5 lies in 195 of c.f. column and
corresponding C.I. will become Q1 corresponding C.I. will become Q3 Class)
Class)

L = 20, N/4= 62.5, c.f.= 60, f= 45 and i=10 L = 50, 3N/4= 187.5, c.f.= 180, f= 15 and i=10
Therefore Q1= 20.56 and Q3= 55
 Example. 2
Calculate the QD and its relative positional
values from the following data:

Age 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60

N 50 70 80 180 150 120 70 50

Individual Series
Where,
∑D = Sum of Deviations
N = Number of Observations
 Example. 1
Calculate the mean Deviation from Mean,
Median and also calculate their coefficients
for the following Data:

X 10 15 20 35 25 30 40
 a) Calculation of MD and Coefficient of MD from Mean:
X D = (X- Mean )
10 10 – 25 = 15
15 15 - 25 = 10 ∑D = 60 and N = 7
20 20 – 25 = 5
35 35 – 25 = 10
25 25 – 25 = 0
30 30 – 25 = 5 = 8.57
40 40 – 25 = 15
∑X = 175 ∑D = 60
MD = 8.57 and Mean = 25

∑X = 175 and N = 7

= 0.34
= 25
 b) Calculation of MD and Coefficient of MD from Median:
X D = ( X- Median )
10 10 – 25 = 15
15 15 - 25 = 10 ∑D = 60 and N = 7
20 20 – 25 = 5
25 25 – 25 = 0
30 30 – 25 = 5
35 35 – 25 = 10 = 8.57
40 40 – 25 = 15
∑D = 60
MD = 8.57 and Mean = 25

= 4th Item
= 0.34
Median = 25
 Example. 2
Calculate the MD from Mode and Coefficient of
MD from the following Data:

X 5 10 15 10 20 25
 Calculation of MD and Coefficient of MD from Mode:

X D = ( X- Mode (Z) )
5 5 – 10 = 5 ∑D = 35 and N = 6
10 10 – 10 = 0
15 15 – 10 = 5
10 10 – 10 = 0
20 20 – 10 = 10 = 5.83
25 25 – 10 = 15
∑D = 35
MD = 5.83 and Z = 10
Mode (Z) = 10
( Because 10 has
repeated TWO times)
= 0.583
Discrete and Continuous Series
Where,
∑fD = Sum of Deviations
N = Total of Frequency
Individual Series
Example. 2
Calculate the Standard Deviation and CV taking
Deviation from actual Mean

Values 18 12 15 16 28 22 29
Values (X) d = X - Mean D2

18 -2 4
12 -8 64
15 -5 25
16 -4 16
28 8 64
22 2 4
29 9 81
∑x = 140 ∑d2 = 258
Discrete Series
Calculate the SD (By Direct method) and also calculate the
coefficient of variation from the following data:

X 10 15 16 18 20 22
f 4 6 3 2 1 2
Continuous Series
Calculate SD for the following data:
Particulars A B
No. of Workers 50 60
Average wages (Rs.) 60 48
Variance 100 144
Calculate SD for the following data:
Particulars A B
No. of Workers 100 150
Average wages (Rs.) 45 55
Variance 7 12
The following date relates to the salary of workers of two factories

Particulars A B
No. of Workers 80 110
Average wages (Rs.) Rs. 2320 Rs. 2,160
SD Rs. 120 Rs. 122

1. In Which factory is the total expenditure on salary more?

2. In which factory is average salary of workers more?
3. In which factory in salary more?