EE1L001: Electrical Technology Instructor:
Autumn 2023-24 Dr. Olive Ray
[email protected] Tutorial problems on MAGNETIC CIRCUITS
Q.1. A circular ring has a mean circumference of 1.5 m and a cross-section area of 0.01 m2. A saw cut of 4
mm wide is made in the ring. Calculate the magnetizing current required to produce flux of 0.8 mWb in the
air gap if the ring is wound with a coil of 175 turns. (Assume µiron = 400, leakage factor = 1.25) [𝟑. 𝟏𝟔 𝑨]
Q.2. A cast steel electromagnet has an air gap length of 3 mm and an iron path of length 40 cm. Find the
number of ampere-turns necessary to produce a flux density of 0.7 Wb/m2 in the air-gap. Neglect leakage and
fringing. Assume ampere-turns required for air gap to be 70% of the total ampere-turns. [𝟐𝟑𝟖𝟕 𝑨𝑻]
Q.3. For the magnetic circuit of fig. below,
(a) Calculate the energy stored in the core and in the air-gap for a coil current of 4 A.
(b) Calculate the excitation current and induced emf in the coil to produce a flux of 0.4 sin(314t)
mWb in the air-gap. [𝟎. 𝟏𝟐𝟔 𝑱, 𝟏𝟒. 𝟐𝟗 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝟑𝟏𝟒𝒕) 𝑨]
Q.4. The ring shaped core shown in below is made of material having µ = 1000. Flux density in thicker section
is 1.5 T. If the currents through the coil is not to exceed 0.5 A, find the number of turns in the coil if the area
of thinner section is 4 cm2? [𝟏𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒏𝒔]
l = 25cm,
a = 4 cm2
l = 10 cm,
2
a = 6 cm
EE1L001: Electrical Technology Instructor:
Autumn 2023-24 Dr. Olive Ray
[email protected]
Q.5. An iron ring of cross-section area 6 cm2 is wound with a wire of 100 turns and has a saw cut of 2 mm.
Calculate the magnetizing current required to produce a flux of 0.1 mWb if the mean length of the magnetic
path is 30 cm and the relative permeability of iron is 470. [𝟑. 𝟓𝟏 𝑨]
Q.6. A wrought iron bar 30 cm long and 2 cm in diameter is bent into a circular shape as shown below. It is
then wound with 600 turns of wire. Calculate the current required to produce a flux of 0.5 in the magnetic
circuit in the cases:
(a) No air gap; (b) With an air-gap of 1 mm; µr (iron) = 4000 (assumed constant); and
(c) With an air gap of 1 mm; assume the following data for the magnetization of iron
(neglect fringing)
H in AT/m 2500 3000 3500 4000
B in T 1.55 1.59 1.6 1.615 [𝟎. 𝟏𝟓𝟖 𝑨, 𝟐. 𝟐𝟓𝟖 𝑨, 𝟑. 𝟔𝟏 𝑨]
Q.7. A rectangular iron core is shown in figure below. It has a mean length of magnetic path of 100 cm, cross-
section of 2 cm × 2 cm, relative permeability of 1400 and an air gap of 5 mm cut in the core. The three coils
carried by the core have number of turns Na = 335, Nb = 600 and Nc = 600 and the respective currents are
1·6 A, 4 A and 3 A. The directions of the currents are as shown in the figure. Find the flux in the air gap.
[𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝝁𝑾𝒃]
EE1L001: Electrical Technology Instructor:
Autumn 2023-24 Dr. Olive Ray
[email protected]
Q.8. Figure shows an iron core whose relative permeability is 2000. The dimensions of the core are shown in
the figure. The width of the core is 7 cm. The lengths of the air gaps are 0.05 cm and 0.07 cm, respectively.
The cross section in the air gaps is 5% bigger than that of the iron core. The coil has 300 turns and its current
is 1.0 A. Determine the magnetic flux in each column of the iron core and the magnetic flux density in the air
gaps. [𝟏. 𝟑𝟓 𝒎𝑾𝒃, 𝟐. 𝟒𝟖 𝒎𝑾𝒃, 𝟏. 𝟏𝟑 𝒎𝑾𝒃, 𝟎. 𝟐𝟔𝟐 𝑻 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟎. 𝟐𝟐 𝑻]
Q.9. In the magnetic circuit shown in following figure, the area of cross-section of the central limb is 12 cm2
and that of each outer limb (A to B) is 6 cm2. A coil current 0.5 A produces 0.5 mWb in the air-gap. Find the
relative permeability of the core material. [𝝁𝒓 = 𝟕𝟔𝟎𝟒. 𝟐]
Q.10. A mild steel ring has a mean circumference of 500 mm and a uniform cross-sectional area of 300 mm2.
Calculate the mmf required to produce a flux of 500 μWb. An airgap, 1.0 mm in length, is now cut in the ring.
EE1L001: Electrical Technology Instructor:
Autumn 2023-24 Dr. Olive Ray
[email protected]
Determine the flux produced if the mmf remains constant. Assume the relative permeability of the mild steel
to remain constant at 220. [𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑨, 𝟑𝟒𝟔 µ𝑾𝒃]
Q.11. A magnetic circuit made of silicon steel is arranged as shown in below figure. The centre limb has a
cross-sectional area of 800 mm2 and each of the side limbs has a cross-sectional area of 500 mm2. Calculate
the mmf required to produce a flux of 1 mWb in the centre limb, assuming the magnetic leakage to be
negligible. [𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟓 𝑨]
