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GEC 4 Unit 3 Lesson 2

This document discusses problem solving and inductive reasoning. It defines a problem as a statement requiring a solution and problem solving as a process with components of method, answer, and solution. Inductive reasoning is introduced as reaching a general conclusion by examining specific examples, such as making predictions based on patterns in examples. The document provides examples of using inductive reasoning to predict missing numbers in sequences and to make conjectures, as well as using counterexamples to verify if conjectures are true or false.

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56 views11 pages

GEC 4 Unit 3 Lesson 2

This document discusses problem solving and inductive reasoning. It defines a problem as a statement requiring a solution and problem solving as a process with components of method, answer, and solution. Inductive reasoning is introduced as reaching a general conclusion by examining specific examples, such as making predictions based on patterns in examples. The document provides examples of using inductive reasoning to predict missing numbers in sequences and to make conjectures, as well as using counterexamples to verify if conjectures are true or false.

Uploaded by

Paul John Panganiban
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Solving

Inductive Reasoning
Here is where your presentation begins

Lecture 5
What will you learn today?

Basic Concepts of Problem Solving

Definition of Inductive Reasoning

Use inductive Reasoning to predict a number

Use inductive Reasoning to make a conjecture

Use Counterexample/s to verify statement


What is a Problem?

 A problem is a statement that requires a


solution.

Mathematical Operation

Geometric construction
What is “Problem Solving”?
 Problem solving is a process.
Components:
Method Answer Solution
Formula:
 Method + Answer = Solution
Inductive Reasoning
 The process of reaching a general conclusion
by examining specific examples.

“Conjecture”

 A statement that can be true or false.

 By stating or listing series of observation.


Predicting a Number
Example 1

5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, _____?

 The numbers are multiple of 5


 Each number is 5 larger than the preceding
number
 The difference between any two succeeding
numbers is 5
∴ The missing number is 35.
Predicting a Number
Example 2
1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, ____?
 The difference between 3 and 1 is 2.
 The difference between 6 and 3 is 3.
 The difference between 10 and 6 is 4.
 The difference between any two succeeding numbers is
always 1 more than the preceding difference.

∴ The missing number is 28.


Making a Conjecture
1.  
Example 1

Conjecture: For all numbers x,

Example 2

Conjecture: For all numbers x,

Note: Conjecture can be true or false.


Counterexample
1.    A statement that would make an argument false by giving an
example.
“Contradictory Example”
Examples:
Verify each of the following statement is false by finding a
counterexample.
a. For all numbers x,
If x = 1, then is true
If x = -1, then is true.
If x = 0, then is false.
∴ Statement is False
1.  

b. For all numbers x,

 If x = 2, then is true

 If x = 5, then is true

 If x = 1, then is false

∴ Statement is False
THANKS! Do you have any questions?
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