LEARNING CHECK

Identify whether the organism in

the picture is eukaryotes or
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
Identify the cell part
shown in the picture
MITOCHONDRIA
NUCLEUS
CHLOROPLAST
CELL MEMBRANE
VACOULE
At the end of the session, the
students are expected to:
I can identify the different parts and
function of a cell; and
I can discuss the importance of cell in
life on a daily basis
 What is Cell?
 Cellsare the basic building blocks of all living
things.

 They provide structure for the body, take in

nutrients from food, convert those nutrients
into energy, and carry out specialized
functions.
Organelles
Very small (Microscopic)

Perform various functions

for a cell.

Found in the cytoplasm

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Animal Cell Organelles
 Plant Cell Organelles

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 What organelles are
present in both
animal and plant cell?
 What organelle/s
is/are present in
animal cell and
absent in plant cell?
What organelle/s
is/are present in
plant cell and
absent in animal
cell?
CELL STRUCTURE AND
FUNCTION
Organelles for protection
 Cell membrane or Plasma Membrane
 Composed of double layer of phospholipids and proteins
 Surrounds outside of ALL cells
 Controls what enters or leaves the cell
Outside
of cell
Carbohydrate
Proteins chains

Cell
membrane

Inside
of cell
Protein Lipid bilayer
(cytoplasm) 26
channel
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Phospholipids

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Cell Wall (Supports and protects)

• Found in:

1. Plants (cellulose)
2. Fungi (chitin)
3. Bacteria
(peptidoglycan)

28
Cytoplasm of a Cell cytoplasm

• Jelly-like substance
enclosed by cell
membrane

• It is the largest part

of the cell where
most life processes
occur.
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The Cell’s Command Center
The Control Center - Nucleus
• Controls the normal

activities
of the cell

• Contains the
deoxyribunucleic acid
(DNA) in
chromosomes
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Inside the Nucleus
The genetic material (DNA) is found

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Nuclear Envelope
 Doublemembrane
surrounding nucleus

 Contains nuclear pores

 Connected to the rough ER

Nuclear
pores
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Nucleolus

Cells may have 1

to 3 nucleoli

Makes ribosomes
that make
proteins

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Organelles for Energy
Mitochondrion
(plural = mitochondria)

 “Powerhouse” of the cell

 Generate cellular energy

(ATP)

 Both plants & animal cells

have mitochondria

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 Folded inner membrane
called CRISTAE
(increases surface area
for more chemical
Reactions)

Interior called MATRIX

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Chloroplasts

 Found only in producers

(organisms containing
chlorophyll)

 Use energy from sunlight

to make own food
(glucose)

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 Chloroplasts

 Thylakoids- Inner membrane

modified into sacs

 Thylakoids in stacks called

Grana & interconnected

 Stroma – gel like material

surrounding thylakoids
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Organelles for Manufacturing Products
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Rough ER)
 Has ribosomes on its
surface

 Makes membrane
proteins and
proteins for EXPORT
out of cell

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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
 lacks ribosomes on its
surface

 Is attached to the
ends of rough ER

 Makes membrane
lipids (steroids)
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Ribosomes
 Made of PROTEINS and rRNA
 “Protein factories” for cell
 Join amino acids to make proteins
 Process called protein synthesis

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Golgi Bodies
 Stacks of flattened sacs CIS

 Have a shipping side

(trans face) and receiving
side (cis face)

TRANS
 Transport vesicles with
modified proteins pinch
off the ends Transport
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Golgi Animation

Materials are transported from Rough ER

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to Golgi to the cell membrane by VESICLES
Organelles for Storage and Breakdown
Vacuoles
Fluid filled sacks for storage.

In plants, they store cell sap.

Storage of sugars, proteins, minerals,

lipids, wastes, salts, water, and
enzymes

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Vacuoles

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Lysosomes
 Break down food,
bacteria, and worn out
cell parts for cells

 (AUTOLYSIS)

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Organelles for Support and
Communication
Cytoskeleton
 Helps maintain cell
shape
 Microfilaments are
threadlike & made of
ACTIN
 Microtubules are tube-
like & made of TUBULIN

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Identify the cell organelle
that is being describe in
the statement.
 Nucleus
It is the control center
of the cell.
MITOCHONDRIA
This organelle is
responsible for the
production of AtP.
 CHLOROPLAST
This organelle is present
in plants, bacteria, and
fungi and it is responsible
for photosynthesis.