UPS BASICS, TYPE,
COMPONENTS, OPERATION,
TROUBLE, BATTERY DETAILS
UPS TRAINING
WHAT IS UPS?
An uninterruptible power supply, also uninterruptible
power source, UPS, is an equipment that provides
emergency power to a load when the input power source
or mains power fails. A UPS differs from an auxiliary or
emergency power system or standby generator in that it
will provide near-instantaneous protection from input
power interruptions, by supplying energy stored in
batteries. The on-battery runtime of most uninterruptible
power sources is relatively short (only a few minutes) but
sufficient to start a standby power source or properly shut
down the protected equipment.
Designed to correct a variety of
power problems-
• Voltage spike or
sustained overvoltage
• Momentary or
Other sustained reduction in input
voltage
purpose • Noise, defined as a high
of UPS frequency transient, usually
injected into the line by nearby
equipment
• Instability of the mains
frequency
• Harmonic distortion
Types of
UPS
• Offline UPS-
In this type of UPSs the load is directly connected
to the incoming AC power supply. When this main
supply fails or goes below a certain limit, the offline
UPS blocks the incoming AC supply mains and
deliver the power to the load via internally
connected battery using DC-AC inverter circuit. All
manufacturers try to minimize the switching time
to a few milliseconds.
• Online UPS-
Types of UPS This type of UPSs always deliver power to the load via
battery using DC-AC inverter. Therefore in these UPSs
no switching mechanism required, and hence transfer
time has no role during power failure. To maintain the
charge of the battery, a battery charging unit is
incorporated in the system. So when mains supply
fails, UPS continues to deliver power to the load using
battery, however, charging of battery stops.
BASIC SCHEME OF
UPS POWER SUPPLY –
Non UPS POWER
NORMAL CONDITION 115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
415/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1
QIB
UPS-11 60KVA,
Input 415VAC 3Phase,
Output-115VAC,1 Phase
BATTERY UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
BASIC SCHEME OF
UPS POWER SUPPLY –
Non UPS POWER
NORMAL CONDITION 115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
QIB
DISTRIBUTION
INVERTER PANEL
RECTIFIER PANEL
PANEL
BATTERY
BASIC SCHEME OF
UPS POWER FLOW –
Non UPS POWER
NORMAL CONDITION 115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
QIB
BATTERY
RECTIFIER INVERTER DISTRIBUTION
PANEL PANEL PANEL
IN HEALTHY CONDITION ONLY ALL GREEN LIGHT WILL GLOW CONTINUOUSLY
BASIC SCHEME
UPS POWER FLOW –
Non UPS POWER
RECTIFIER FAULT 115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
Fault QIB
BATTERY
BASIC SCHEME OF
UPS POWER FLOW –
INVERTER FAULT OR Non UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
BATTERY DISCHARGE QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
Fault QIB
BATTERY
UPS POWER FLOW –
RECTIFIER FAULT Non UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
Fault QIB
BATTERY
UPS POWER FLOW –
RECTIFIER FAULT Non UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
Fault QIB
BATTERY
DISCHARGE
TOTALLY
UPS POWER FLOW –
RECTIFIER FAULT Non UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
Fault QIB
BATTERY
UPS POWER FLOW –
RECTIFIER FAULT- Non UPS POWER
ACTION ON 2-Feb-14
115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
QIB
BATTERY
UPS POWER FLOW –
RECTIFIER FAULT- Non UPS POWER
ACTION ON 2-Feb-14
115VAC or 240VAC
QIBY Maint Bypass
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
QIB
BATTERY
UPS POWER FLOW –
EMERGENCY LINE NOT O.K Non UPS POWER
ACTION ON 6-Feb-14 QIBY Maint Bypass
115VAC or 240VAC
Transformer
240/110VAC
AC SOURCE QIGA2 QIRA QIRE Emergency Line
FROM
MCC-12, 5R2
THY
SW
QIUG
Static switch
QIGA4 control card
QIGA3
RECTIFIER INVERTER (60KVA)
~
FROM TR-13
AC SOURCE
QIRP ~
415V,50HZ QIGA1 UPS POWER
115VAC or 240VAC
QIB
BATTERY
POWER CHANGEOVER SOP
There is two types of power changeover associated with our
UPS.
1) Power input source changeover
2) Changeover of internal power path for maintenance
bypass
UPS BATTERY
Battery type installed in
our UPS-11 is VRLA type
and of 400AH each
capacity.
Total no of battery
installed is 98.
Total battery bank voltage
2.2*98 =217Vdc under
float charging condition
TROUBLE
One major trouble occurred for UPS-11 on 2nd
September 2014
DCS ALARM
MAINS O.K. DC LINE GROUNDED OVERVOLTAGE
OVERTEMPERATURE BATTERY DISCHARGING UNDERVOLTAGE
BLOWN FUSES OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAINS FEED LOAD
GROUNDED
RECTIFIER FAILURE SINCRON O.K. CIRCUIT BREAKER TRIPPED
MANUAL CHARGE Emergency Line o.k.
MIN. RECTIFIER VOLT INVERTER O.K.
MAX. RECTIFIER VOLT OVERLOAD
OUTPUT BREAKER TRIPPED TO DCS
BATT RUNNING DOWN
UPS
ABNORMAL ALARM
MODIFICATION IN DCS ALARM
MAINS O.K. DC LINE GROUNDED OVERVOLTAGE
OVERTEMPERATURE BATTERY DISCHARGING UNDERVOLTAGE
BLOWN FUSES MAINS FEED LOAD OUTPUT VOLTAGE
GROUNDED
RECTIFIER FAILURE SINCRON O.K. CIRCUIT BREAKER TRIPPED
MANUAL CHARGE Emergency Line o.k.
MIN. RECTIFIER VOLT INVERTER O.K.
TO DCS
OUTPUT POWER
MAX. RECTIFIER VOLT OVERLOAD
GROUNDED
OUTPUT BREAKER TRIPPED TO DCS
BATT RUNNING DOWN
– UPS HEAVY FAULT
Thanks
