FUNCTIONS
Functions
• Now we can look at some questions on functions
If f(x) = 2x2 – 6x, calculate the value of f(-1)
This is telling us This notation tells us to
the function to use replace ‘x’ terms with ‘-1’
f(x) = 2x2 – 6x Replace ‘x’ terms with ‘-1’
You may use a calculator but ensure you type it in
correctly (including brackets!)
f(-1) = 2(-1)2 – 6(-1)
Calculate
f(-1) = 8
Domain and Range
L.O: To understand that X values are
called Domain and Y values are called
Range
Domain and Range
Add 3 onto the set {-3, 1, 4, 6, x)
Mapping Diagrams Set A Set B
-3 0
A mapping diagram transforms one
set of numbers into a different set
1 4
of numbers. It can be described in 4 7
words or using algebra. They can 6 9
also be represented by a Cartesian x x+3
graph.
y y=x+3
The original numbers (Set A, or ‘x’)
are known as the domain.
8
The results (Set B, or ‘y’) are known 4
as the range (ie range of answers) 2
x
-2 2 4 6
2A
Domain and Range
Square the set {-1, 1, -2, 2, x)
Mapping Diagrams Set A Set B
-1
A mapping diagram transforms one 1
set of numbers into a different set
1
of numbers. It can be described in -2
4
words or using algebra. They can 2
also be represented by a Cartesian x x2
graph.
y y = x2
The original numbers (Set A, or ‘x’)
are known as the domain.
8
The results (Set B, or ‘y’) are known 4
as the range (ie range of answers) 2
x
-2 2 4 6
2A
Functions
• Now we can look at some questions on functions
If f(x) = 8x – 7, calculate the value of x when f(x) = 45
This is asking us to find the input (x)
when the output is equal to 45’
This is telling us
the function to use
f(x) = 8x - 7
We need to find the value of x that makes this equal to 45
Replace f(x) with 45
45 = 8x - 7
Add 7
So an input of 6.5 will
52 = 8x give an output of 45!
Divide by 8
Make sure you always think about the notation
6.5 = x so you know what you’re being asked to do!!
Plenary
1 3
( ) ( )
Find the value of x if: 𝑓 𝑥 = 4 𝑥+ 1 𝑔 𝑥 = 2 𝑥 −7 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )=𝑔 (𝑥)
Then check by substitution that your value is correct!
As f(x) = g(x), the two different functions give the
same value Set them equal to each other!
1 3
= Checking (sub in x = -1)
4 𝑥 +1 2 𝑥 −7 Multiply the left fraction all by 3
(the value of the fraction itself
3 3 will not change!) 1 3
= 𝑓 (𝑥 )= 𝑔 ( 𝑥 )=
12 𝑥 +3 2 𝑥 −7 As the numerators are equal, the 4 𝑥+ 1 2 𝑥 −7
denominators must be as well…
1 3
1 2 𝑥 +3=2 𝑥 −7 𝑓 ( −1 )= 𝑔 ( − 1 )=
Subtract 2x 4 (−1)+1 2(− 1) −7
1 0 𝑥+ 3=− 7 1 3
Subtract 3 𝑓 ( − 1 )= − 𝑔 ( − 1 )=−
1 0 𝑥=−10 3 9
Divide by 10
𝑥=−1 These fractions are equivalent!
Prep
• Exercise 1 page 160
• Exercise 2 161-162
Summary
• We have learnt what functions are
• We have seen (and understood!) the
notation for functions
• We have seen how to answer questions
based on functions and how these will be
written
