FUNCTIONS
Starter
For each question, substitute each of the values into the function
machine and write down what you get as outputs
4(x+5)-1
x 3x 3x + 8 x x+5 4(x+5) 4(x+5)-1
2
Input x3 +8 Output Input +5 x4 -1 ÷2 Output
Input Output Input Output
5 23 2 13.5
7 29 8 25.5
11 41 10 29.5
1/ 9 100
3 45.25
x 3x + 8 x 4(x+5)-1
2
Functions
• Today we will be learning about functions
• In Maths a function is an operation or series of operations that
transforms a set of numbers into a different set
• The Starter was two examples of functions
Input x3 +8 Output
f(x) = 3x + 8
This is the mathematical notation The f(x) notation
for the function above f(x) = 3x + 8 can be used to
You will be more describe more
familiar with things – you will
this notation notice this over
the next few
lessons
This means ‘a function These are the
of x’ 🡪 We have a set operations we carry
of ‘operations’ to out on the inputs. In
carry out on the this case it is ‘Multiply y = 3x + 8
inputs by 3, then add 8’
Functions
• Today we will be learning about functions
• In Maths a function is an operation or series of operations that
transforms a set of numbers into a different set
• The Starter was two examples of functions
Input +5 x4 -1 ÷2 Output
This is the mathematical notation f(x) = 4(x + 5) – 1
for the function above
2
This means ‘a function These are the operations
of x’ 🡪 We have a set we carry out on the inputs.
of ‘operations’ to In this case it is ‘add 5,
carry out on the multiply by 4, subtract 1
inputs and then divide by 2’
Functions
• Now we can look at some questions on functions
If f(x) = 5x + 7, calculate the value of f(7)
This is telling us This notation tells us
the function to use to replace ‘x’ with ‘7’
f(x) = 5x + 7
Replace ‘x’ with ‘7’
f(7) = 5(7) + 7
Calculate
f(7) = 42
Functions
• Now we can look at some questions on functions
If f(x) = 2x2 – 6x, calculate the value of f(-1)
This is telling us This notation tells us to
the function to use replace ‘x’ terms with ‘-1’
f(x) = 2x2 – 6x Replace ‘x’ terms with ‘-1’
🡪 You may use a calculator but ensure you type it in
correctly (including brackets!)
f(-1) = 2(-1)2 – 6(-1)
Calculate
f(-1) = 8
Functions
• Now we can look at some questions on functions
If f(x) = 8x – 7, calculate the value of x when f(x) = 45
This is asking us to find the input (x)
when the output is equal to 45’
This is telling us
the function to use
f(x) = 8x - 7
We need to find the value of x that makes this equal to 45
🡪 Replace f(x) with 45
45 = 8x - 7
Add 7
So an input of 6.5 will
52 = 8x give an output of 45!
Divide by 8
Make sure you always think about the notation
6.5 = x so you know what you’re being asked to do!!
Plenary
Find the value of x if:
Then check by substitution that your value is correct!
🡪 As f(x) = g(x), the two different functions give the
same value 🡪 Set them equal to each other!
Checking (sub in x = -1)
Multiply the left fraction all by 3
(the value of the fraction itself
will not change!)
As the numerators are equal, the
denominators must be as well…
Subtract 2x
Subtract 3
Divide by 10
These fractions are equivalent!
Summary
• We have learnt what functions are
• We have seen (and understood!) the
notation for functions
• We have seen how to answer questions
based on functions and how these will be
written
