What are Transformers?
A transformer is a device that transfers electric
energy from one alternating-current circuit to
one or more other circuits, either increasing
(stepping up) or reducing (stepping down) the
voltage.
Uses of Transformers
Transformers are used in a variety of
applications, including power generation,
transmission and distribution, lighting,
audio systems, and electronic equipment.
Power generation: Transformers are used in
power plants to increase the voltage of the
electricity generated by the plant before it is
sent to the grid. Or in circuits to reduce the
voltage from the source
How does Transformers
work?
The core of the transformer works
to direct the path of the magnetic
field between the primary and
secondary coils to prevent wasted
energy. Once the magnetic field
reaches the secondary coil, it
forces the electrons within it to
move, creating an electric current
via electromotive force (EMF).
Types of Transformers
Step-up transformer: A step-up
transformer is a transformer that has a
primary voltage that is lower than the
secondary voltage. So, if your building is
wired with 208V but you need 480V to
power a large machine, you'll need a step-
up transformer to boost the voltage from
208V to 480V. The usual rating for a step-
up transformer is 12V to 110V
Types of Transformers
Step-down Transformer: A transformer
designed to reduce the voltage from
primary to secondary is called a step-down
transformer. The transformation ratio of a
transformer will be equal to the square root
of its primary to secondary inductance (L)
ratio.
Types of Transformers
Auto-Transformer: An autotransformer
has a single winding with two end
terminals and one or more terminals at
intermediate tap points. It is a transformer
in which the primary and secondary coils
have part of their turns in common. The
portion of the winding shared by both the
primary and secondary is the common
section.
Types of Transformers
Isolation Transformer: An isolation transformer
is a transformer used to transfer electrical power
from a source of alternating current (AC) power
to some equipment or device while isolating the
powered device from the power source, usually
for safety reasons or to reduce transients and
harmonics. Isolation transformers provide
galvanic isolation; no conductive path is present
between source and load. This isolation is used to
protect against electric shock, to suppress
electrical noise in sensitive devices, or to transfer
power between two circuits that must not be
connected.
Safety Rules Around Transformers
• Engage a certified electrical engineering provider for
the installation
• Ensure correct selection of nominal power
• Check the load’s power factor
• Check the input-output voltage as per the line’s
maximum load
• Install adequate ventilation for the transformer
