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Chapter 1

This document provides an introduction to Anatomy and Physiology, detailing the structure and function of the human body. It outlines various organ systems, anatomical positions, terms, planes, and body cavities, including cranial, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities. Key anatomical terms and their meanings are also defined to aid in understanding the spatial relationships within the body.

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25 views12 pages

Chapter 1

This document provides an introduction to Anatomy and Physiology, detailing the structure and function of the human body. It outlines various organ systems, anatomical positions, terms, planes, and body cavities, including cranial, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities. Key anatomical terms and their meanings are also defined to aid in understanding the spatial relationships within the body.

Uploaded by

wallacec1017
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter1:

Introduction to A&P
Anatomy
• Study of the structure, shape and form of the parts of the human
body and the arrangement
Physiology
• Study of the function of all the body parts, what they do and how
they do it.
All the Organ system
• Urinary system
• Digestive system
• Lymphatic system
• Muscular system
• Endocrine system
• Female reproductive system
• Male reproductive system
• Nervous system
• Integumentary system
• Cardiovascular system
• Skeletal system
• Respiratory System
Anatomical position
• Body must be upright
• Head facing towards
• Arm at the side with palm facing forward
• Feet must be together
Terms
• Anterior means Forward
• Posterior means Backward
• Superior means From Up
• Inferior means From Down
• Medial means structure nearer to the midline
• Lateral means structure further from the midline
• Proximal means nearer to a point of attachment of a limb or body part
• Distal means Further from a point of attachment of a limb or body part.
Anatomical planes
• Frontal Plane
• Sagittal plane
• Transverse
Cavities of the body
• Cranial cavity
-Anterior has 1 frontal bone
-Lateral has 2 temporal bone
-Posterior has 1 occipital bone
-Superior has 2 parietal bone
-Inferior has 1 sphenoid and1 ethmoid, parts of frontal, temporal and
occipital bone.
Thoracic cavity
• Contains lungs, heart and esophagus.
• Anterior –Sternum and costal cartilages of the ribs.
• Lateral- 12 pairs f ribs and intercostal muscle.
• Posterior-Thoracic vertebrae.
• Superior- structures forming the root of the neck.
• Inferior -diaphragm.
Abdomen cavity
• Contains stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder,
bile ducts and pancreas, spleen, kidney.
• Superior- diaphragm.
• Anterior- muscles of the anterior wall.
• Posterior- lumbar vertebrae and muscles of the posterior wall.
• Lateral- lower ribs and muscles of the abdominal wall.
• Inferior- pelvic cavity.
Pelvic cavity
• Contains sigmoid colon, rectum, anus, small intestine, urinary bladder,
ureters and urethra.
• Anterior- pubic bones.
• Posterior- sacrum and coccyx.
• Lateral- innominate bones.
• Inferior- muscles of the pelvic floor.

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