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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Gene Organization

1. The document discusses the genetic organization of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 2. In prokaryotes, genes are organized into operons which allow for coordinated expression of genes involved in the same metabolic pathway. 3. In eukaryotes, genes are split into exons and introns. Initial RNA transcripts undergo modifications like capping, polyadenylation, and splicing before being translated into protein.

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Maria Reina
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44 views2 pages

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Gene Organization

1. The document discusses the genetic organization of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 2. In prokaryotes, genes are organized into operons which allow for coordinated expression of genes involved in the same metabolic pathway. 3. In eukaryotes, genes are split into exons and introns. Initial RNA transcripts undergo modifications like capping, polyadenylation, and splicing before being translated into protein.

Uploaded by

Maria Reina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 12 : genetic 13.

What is the effect of


organization repressor protein?
14. What does inducer do?
-Prokaryotes- By what?
15. What is the gene that
1. Is the structure of synthesises repressor
prokaryotic genes protein in lac.
continuous or not 16. Is it transcribed with
continuous? lacZYA?
2. What does the sequence of 17. What do the lac genes
codons in a gene specify? Z,Y, and A synthesise?
3. Is the space between
-Eukaryotes-
adjacent genes on a
1. To what are eukaryotic
chromosome big or little?
genes divided? What is this
4. Is all the genome in
structure called?
prokaryotes used to encode
2. What are the portions that
products?
should be removed from
5. Can we find repetitive
mRNA before translation?
sequences in prokaryotic
3. Are distances between
genomes?
adjacent eukaryotic gens
6. What are the groups or
large or small?
coordinated units of genes
4. What is the percentage of
for related proteins which
the eukaryotic genome that
are involved in same
has no obvious coding
metabolic pathways called?
functions?
7. Is each gene of such unit
5. Do eukaryotic genomes
expressed alone or are they
have repetitive sequences?
all expressed together?
What is their importance?
8. What is the percentage of
6. Are genes for related
prokaryotic genes organised
proteins gathered in
in operons?
coordinated units like
9. Give examples of operons in
prokaryotic ones?
prokaryotes?
10. How are genes that
encode for enzymes in a
metabolic pathway  Translation occurs at the
arranged in the bacterial same time as
chromosome? transcription? This occurs
11. What is the in: eukaryotes?
importance of operons? Prokaryotes?
12. To what area of the  In eukaryotes, where
gene does the repressor does transcription and
bind to? translation occur?
 What is the initial RNA  Give an alternative term
transcript from for polyadenylation
eukaryotic gene called? signal?
 Why do initial initial RNA  Joining exons together
transcripts undergo creates an RNA with a
modifications? continuous coding
 Why are ends of RNA sequence?
modified?  What enzyme performs
 What happens first? splicing?
Modification of 5’ ends or  What is the area of 5’
completion of RNA end right after 5’ cap
precursors’ synthesis? called?
 What is the terminology  What is the area of RNA
for the 5’ end after a stop codon
modification? called?
 What is the terminology
for 3’ end modification?
Explain it.
 What is splicing?
 What is the name of the
residue added to the 5’
end?
 In what orientation is
that residue added?
What linkage does it
give?
 What does the cap
protect the 5’ end from?
Other roles?
 What does cleavage
mean?
 How many adenosine
residues are added?
What is that assembly
called?
 What does this assembly
protect the 3’ end from?
 Other potential role?
 Define: Exons/ introns.
 Define splice sites.

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