THE COPPERBELT UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
POWER SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
II
EE 521 Assignment 1
Date: 25TH APRIL 2020.
GROUP MEMBERS (BENG 5):
ZAMIWE KAWAMYA 15004678
ATUPELE MWALWENI 15000663
FRANCESCELLA OFFIAH 15005837
SUWILANJI FRANK MOOMBA 15006231
EUSTACE SONKWE 15000069
LECTURER: MR. T. MWENYA
QUESTION 1
1 kM =( 0.015+ j 0.002 )
2500 kM =Z L
Where,
Z L =line impedance
Z L =2500 ( 0.15+ j 0.002 )
Z L =(37.5+ j5)
Sbase , new 10 MVA
X A = X A , old ( S base ,old ) (
=8
8 MVA
=10 % )
S base ,new 10 MVA
X B= X B , old ( Sbase , old ) (
=10
10 MVA
=10 % )
T =5.5 ( 1010 MVA
MVA )
=5.5 %
Sbase 10 MVA
Z Line =Z actual 2
=( 37.5+ j 5 )
V ¿¿
base
kVA∗100
Short circuit kVA at F2 = Base
ZT %
Where,
ZT %=Total Impedance
ZT %=√ (R2Line )+( X T + X L + X 1 ¿2 )
¿ √¿ ¿
ZT %=14.48 %
Therefore,
( 10000 )∗100
kVA at F2= =69.06 MVA∨69060.77 kVA
14.48 %
kVA∗100
short circuit kVA at F1 =base
X send
X send = X 1+ X 2=5+5.5=10.5 %
Thus,
( 10,000 )∗100
kVA sc at F 1= =95.24 MVA∨95238.095 kVA
10.5
QUESTION 2
We first determine the per unit values of the equipment
With the Zone of Generator 3 having Sbase = 1000MVA and Vbase = 20kV
Zone of Generator 1 has:
13.8 kV
V base= ∗500 kV =13.8 kV
500 kV
Zone of Generator 2 has:
18 kV
V base= ∗500 kV =18 kV
500 kV
Zone of Transmission lines:
500 kV
V base= ∗20 kV =500 kV
20 kV
(V base )2 (500 kVA )2
Z base= = =250 Ω
S base 1000 MVA
Sbase 1000 MVA
I base= = =1.155 kA
3V base 3(500 kV )
Using these base values, we find the per unit impedance of the Generators
1000
X G 1=( 0.2 ) =0.4 pu
500
1000
X G 2=( 0.18 ) =0.24 pu
750
X G 3=0.17 pu
Similarly for the transmission lines
1000
X T 1=( 0.12 ) =0.24 pu
500
1000
X T 2=( 0.1 ) =0.1333 pu
750
X T 3=0.1 pu
For the lines between the bus bars 1, 2, 3 and 4
50
X 12= X 23 =X 24 = =0.2 pu
250
Thus, the positive-sequence reactance diagram in per unit is
a) The Thevenin equivalent impedance when viewed from voltage bus 1 is
X TH =( X G 1 + X T 1 )/¿ ¿
X TH =( j 0.24+ j0.4) /¿ ¿
X TH =( j 0.64)/¿( j 0.4583)
X TH = j 0.2670 pu
b) Neglecting the pre-fault current, the pre-fault voltage becomes
525 kV ∠ 0°
Vf= =1.05 ∠ 0 ° pu
500 kV
Thus, the sub-transient fault current is
Vf 1.050°
If = = =− j 3.933 pu
Z TH j0.2670
I f =− j 4.541 kA
c) Contributions to the fault current from G1 and line 1-2
j 0.4583
I G 1=I f =− j1.641 pu
j 0.4583+ j 0.64
I G 1=− j1.896 kA
j0.64
I 12=I f =− j 2.292 pu
j 0.4583+ j0.64
I 12=− j 2.647 kA
QUESTION 3
Data given
S=20MVA, V=11kV, X (1) (2) (0 )
g =25 % , X g =35 % , X g =10 % , X n=8 %
a. Assuming the fault point is ungrounded, the equivalent circuit becomes
I (0)
a =0
( 2) 10° 1∠ 0°
I (1)
a =−I a = = =1.667 ∠−90 ° A
X + X g j 0.25+ j0.35
(1 )(2 )
g
I af =0
I bf =−I cf = j √ 3 I (a1 ) = j √ 3∗( 1.667 ∠−90 ° )=2.887 pu
( 1) ( 1 ) ( 2)
V (0a )=0 , V (1) (2) (1 )
a =1.0− X g I a ,V a =X g I a
V (1a )=1.0− ( j 0.25 )( 2.887 )=( 1.0− j 0.72175 ) pu
V (2a )=( j 0.35 ) ( 2.887 )= j1 .01045 pu
V af =V (1) (2)
af +V af =( 1.0− j 0.72175 ) + j 1.01045= ( 2.01− j 0.722 ) pu
V bf =a2 V (a1) +a V (a2)
V bf =( 1∠ 240 ° ) (1.0− j 0.72175 ) + ( 1 ∠ 120° ) ( j 1.01045 )
¿ (−2.0− j 1.01 ) pu
2 (2 )
V bf =a V (1)
a +a V a = ( 1∠ 120 ° ) ( 1.0− j0.72175 ) +(1∠ 240 ° )( j 1.01045)
V c f =( 1.0− j0.723 ) pu
b. Assuming the fault point is grounded, the equivalent circuit becomes
I (1) (2) (0)
af + I af + I af =0
V (1a )=V (2) (0)
a =V a
1∠ 0°
I (af1)=
j0.35∗j 0.34
j0.25+
j 0.35+ j0.34
af =2.367 ∠−90 °
I (1)
af ∗X g =1 ∠0 °−2.3669 ∠−90 °∗ j0.25=0.4083
V (1a )=1∠ 0° −I (1) (1)
V (2a )=V (0a )=0.4083
−V (a2) −0.4083
I (af2)= =
X (g2) j 0.35
af =1.1666 ∠90 ° pu
I (2)
I (af0 )=−I (af1)−I (af2 )=−( 2.367 ∠−90° ) −(1.1666 ∠ 90 ° )
af =1.2004 ∠90 °
I (0)
I af =I (af1 )+ I (af2 )+ I (af0 )
I af =0
I b f =a2 I (1af )+ aI (2) (0)
af + I af
I bf =( 1 ∠ 240° ) ( 2.367 ∠−90 ° )+ (1 ∠ 120 ° )( 1.1666 ∠90 ° ) +(1.2004 ∠ 90° )
I b f =−3.0602+ j 1.8006 pu
I cf =( 1∠120 ° )( 2.367−90 ° ) + ( 1 ∠240° ) ( 1.1666 ∠ 90 ° )+(1.2004 ∠ 90 ° )
I cf =3.0602+ j 1.8004 pu
(0 )
V af 1 1 1 V a
[ ]
V bf = 1 a2 a ∗V (1a )
V cf 1 a a2 V (2a )
V a f =V (a1 )+ V (a2) +V (a0)=3∗0.4083
V a f =1.2249 pu
V b f =V c f =0
QUESTION 4
Given:
Generator 1 and 2
S=100MVA, V=11kV, X1=j0.15, X2=j0.15, X0=j0.05, Xn=j0.06
Transformer1 and 2
S=100MVA, V=11/220kV, X1 = X2 = X0 = j0.09
Transmission lines 1 and 2
Sbase = 100MVA, X1 = X2 = X0 = j0.1
Positive sequence network
With a fault at F, the total positive sequence reactance is
ZP = Z1//Z2
Where
j 0.1∗ j 0.1
Z1 = j 0.15+ j 0.09+ + j0.9= j 0.38
j 0.1+ j 0.1
Z2 = j 0.15
Thus,
j0.38∗ j0.15
Z P= = j 0.1075
j 0.38+ j0.15
Negative sequence network
Using the same procedure as that from the positive sequence network, the negative sequence
reactance is obtained as
Z N = j 0.1075
Zero sequence network
With a fault at F, the total zero sequence reactance becomes,
Z 0= j 0.05+3( j 0.06)= j 0.23
Now, L-G fault that is on phase a
Fault Current;
3⃗ER
⃗I R =
Z 1+ ⃗
⃗ Z 2 +⃗
Z0
⃗I R = 3∗6350.85
j0.1 075+ j0.1075+ j 0.23
⃗I R = -j42814.7191 Amps
IR = 42.815kA
Therefore, the fault current is 42.815kA
The short circuit MVA;
MVAsc = √ 3 V I f ×10−6 MVA
=√ 3∗6350.85∗4 2814.7191∗10−6 MVA
= 470.962 MVA
