GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Bachelor of Pharmacy
Subject Code: BP701TP
SEMESTER: VII
Subject Name: Instrumental Methods of Analysis
Scope: This subject deals with the application of instrumental methods in qualitative and quantitative
analysis of drugs. This subject is designed to impart a fundamental knowledge on the principles and
instrumentation of spectroscopic and chromatographic technique. This also emphasizes on theoretical and
practical knowledge on modern analytical instruments that are used for drug testing.
Objectives: Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to
1. Understand the interaction of matter with electromagnetic radiations and its applications in drug
analysis.
2. Understand the chromatographic separation and analysis of drugs
3. Perform quantitative & qualitative analysis of drugs using various analytical instruments.
Teaching scheme and examination scheme:
Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme
Theory Tutorial Practical Total Theory Practical
External Internal External Internal
3 1 4 6 80 20 80 20
Sr No Topics %
weightage
1. UV Visible spectroscopy 10
Electronic transitions, chromophores, auxochromes, spectral shifts, solvent
effect on absorption spectra, Beer and Lambert’s law, Derivation and deviations.
Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, sample cells,
detectors- Photo tube, Photomultiplier tube, Photo voltaic cell, Silicon
Photodiode.
Applications - Spectrophotometric titrations, Single component and multi
component analysis
Fluorimetry
Theory, Concepts of singlet, doublet and triplet electronic states, internal and
external conversions, factors affecting fluorescence, quenching, instrumentation
and applications
2. IR spectroscopy 10
Introduction, fundamental modes of vibrations in poly atomic molecules, sample
handling, factors affecting vibrations
Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, detectors - Golay
cell, Bolometer, Thermocouple, Thermister, Pyroelectric detector and
applications
Flame Photometry-Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications
Atomic absorption spectroscopy- Principle, interferences, instrumentation and
Applications
Nepheloturbidometry- Principle, instrumentation and applications
3. Introduction to chromatography 10
Adsorption and partition column chromatography-Methodology,
advantages, disadvantages and applications
Thin layer chromatography- Introduction, Principle, Methodology, Rf values,
advantages, disadvantages and applications
Paper chromatography-Introduction, methodology, development techniques,
advantages, disadvantages and applications
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w.e.f. AY 2017-18
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Bachelor of Pharmacy
Subject Code: BP701TP
Electrophoresis– Introduction, factors affecting electrophoretic mobility,
Techniques of paper, gel, capillary electrophoresis, applications
Gas chromatography - Introduction, theory, instrumentation, derivatization, 8
4. temperature programming, advantages, disadvantages and applications
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-Introduction, theory,
instrumentation, advantages and applications
5. Ion exchange chromatography- Introduction, classification, ion exchange 7
resins, properties, mechanism of ion exchange process, factors affecting ion
exchange, methodology and applications
Gel chromatography- Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications
Affinity chromatography- Introduction, theory, instrumentation and
applications
Practical
1. Determination of absorption maxima and effect of solvents on absorption maxima of organic
compounds
2. Estimation of dextrose by colorimetry
3. Estimation of sulfanilamide by colorimetry
4. Simultaneous estimation of ibuprofen and paracetamol by UV spectroscopy
5. Assay of paracetamol by UV- Spectrophotometry
6. Estimation of quinine sulfate by fluorimetry
7. Study of quenching of fluorescence
8. Determination of sodium by flame photometry
9. Determination of potassium by flame photometry
10. Determination of chlorides and sulphates by nephelo turbidometry
11. Separation of amino acids by paper chromatography
12. Separation of sugars by thin layer chromatography
13. Separation of plant pigments by column chromatography
14. Demonstration experiment on HPLC
15. Demonstration experiment on Gas Chromatography
Recommended Books (Latest Editions)
1. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis by B.K Sharma
2. Organic spectroscopy by Y.R Sharma
3. Text book of Pharmaceutical Analysis by Kenneth A. Connors
4. Vogel’s Text book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis by A.I. Vogel
5. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry by A.H. Beckett and J.B. Stenlake
6. Organic Chemistry by I. L. Finar
7. Organic spectroscopy byWilliam Kemp
8. Quantitative Analysis of Drugs by D. C. Garrett
9. Quantitative Analysis of Drugs in Pharmaceutical Formulations by P. D. Sethi
10. Spectrophotometric identification of Organic Compounds by Silverstein
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