Project Management
By
Yasser Elfahham, PhD
Lecturer, Alexandria University, Structural Engineering Dep.
E- MAIL: [email protected]
Chapter (1) Introduction
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COURSE DESCRIPTION & TOPICS:
1) Introduction to Construction Management
2) Project Planning & Scheduling
3) Critical Path Method (CPM)
4) Resource Management
5) Cost Management
6) Contracting
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Course Resources:
Construction Project Management, 1st ed. Yasser Elfahham
Lectures, Sheets & slides
External resources. E.g. Dennis lock (2007) Project
Management in Construction. 9th edition
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ادارة ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت اﻟﺘﺸﯿﯿﺪ
• Project management is: “application of
knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques
(processes) to project activities to meet the
project requirements”
• project management aims to study, plan,
manage, and control projects effectively during
all project phases
• It is the art of getting things done.
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Project Management Objectives:
PM aims to complete the project;
On time Minimize
On budget Minimize
Satisfy target quality
Satisfy project objectives
Meet customers' expectations.
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)Project management knowledge area (PMBOK
ﻣﺠﺎﻻت وﻓﺮوع ادارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ:
ادارة ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ووﺻﻔﺔ و ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ أھﺪاﻓﺔ 1. Project scope management
أدارة وﻗﺖ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ 2. Project time management
ادارة ﻣﻮارد اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﺧﺎم وﻋﻤﺎل و ﻣﻌﺪات 3. Project Resource management
ادارة وﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ وﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻨﻘﺪي واﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ 4. Project cost management
ادارة اﻟﺠﻮدة اﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﺪﻓﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع 5. Project quality management
ادارة اﻹﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﺑﯿﻦ أطﺮاف اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ 6. Project communications management
ادارة اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺘﻌﺮض ﻟﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع 7. Project Risk management
ادارة اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﯾﺎت واﻟﻌﻄﺎءات واﻟﻌﻘﻮد اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺤﺘﺎﺟﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع 8. Project Procurement management
ادارة أطﺮاف اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ وﻣﻘﺎول وﻣﮭﻨﺪس وﺧﻼﻓﺔ 9. Project stakeholder management
ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت و ﻓﺮوع ادارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ 10. Project Integration management
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Project Time Schedule using primavera P6
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Impact of poor Project Management
Bad quality products
Project failure (e.g. pavement settlement)
Rework
Loss of project scope
Loss of information
Delays and cost overruns
Higher Disputes between construction parties
Confusion and conflicts
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Impact of poor Project Management
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?What is a project
•A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service.
)(PMBOK
•The project has a definite beginning and end.
•The project is unique
اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻟﻤﮭﺎم و اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬھﺎ ﻓﻲ وﻗﺖ ﻣﺤﺪد و ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﺤﺪدة
ﺑﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺤﺪدة ﻟﺘﺤﻘﯿﻖ ھﺪف ﻣﻌﯿﻦ و ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ ﻋﺪة ﻣﻮارد .واﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﻟﺔ
ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ وﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ وﻛﻞ ﻣﺸﺮوع ﯾﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﻏﯿﺮة ﻣﻦ ﺣﯿﺚ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ واﻟﺤﺠﻢ واﻷھﺪاف واﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ وﺧﻼﻓﺔ
أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﻤﺸﺎرﯾﻊ اﻟﺘﺸﯿﯿﺪ:
أ .ﻣﺸﺮوع إﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﺤﻄﺔ طﺎﻗﺔ ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ
ب .ﻣﺸﺮوع إﻧﺸﺎء طﺮﯾﻖ أو ﻛﻮﺑﺮي
ج .ﻣﺸﺮوع إﻧﺸﺎء ﻗﺮﯾﺔ ﺳﯿﺎﺣﯿﺔ ﺑﮭﺎ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺎﻟﯿﮭﺎت و اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت اﻟﺨﻀﺮاء واﻟﻄﺮق و اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻷﺧﺮي
?What is an activity
اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ھﻮ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وھﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ ﯾﺘﻢ إﻧﺠﺎزة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﯾﺤﺘﺎج ﻟﻮﻗﺖ
وﻣﻮارد وﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ
أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ:
اﻟﺤﻔﺮ – اﻟﺮدم – اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ – اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ – اﻷرﺿﯿﺎت – اﻟﺒﯿﺎض ...... -
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The Relationships Among Portfolios, Programs, and Projects
Program: A program is a collection of related or similar projects that
have a single focused objective.
Portfolio: A collection of programs, projects managed as a group.
Portfolio Top Mang.
Program 1 Program 2 Projects
Middle Mang.
Project A Project B ….. Project 1 Project 2
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management skills
Management Skills includes; 4. Delegation
1. Planning 5. Problem-solving
2. Communication 6. Motivating
3. Decision-making 7.Strategic Thinking
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Responsibilities of project manager ﻣﺴﺆﻟﯿﺎت ﻣﺪﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
The Project Manager is the person how leads and manages the project
team to achieve the project objectives, with authority and responsibility
to run the project on a day-to-day basis.
He must have the technical and Communication skills needed. The
following are key Responsibilities and skills of project manager .
1. Planning اﻟﺘﺨﻄﯿﻂ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ وﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻷوﻟﻮﯾﺎت واﻟﻤﮭﺎم ووﺿﻊ اﻟﺨﻄﻂ
2. Team building ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ و ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ اﻟﻤﮭﺎم ﺑﺄﻋﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة واﻟﻘﺪرة
3. Facilitating ﺗﺴﮭﯿﻞ ﻣﮭﻤﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻓﺮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺮﯾﻖ وﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ اﻻﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻹﻧﺠﺎز اﻟﻌﻤﻞ
4. Motivation ﺗﺸﺠﯿﻊ ﻓﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ
5. Decision making اﺗﺨﺎذ اﻟﻘﺮارات اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺨﺪم اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
6. Organizing ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺳﯿﺮ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ وﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ واﻟﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﻦ أﻋﻀﺎء اﻟﻔﺮﯾﻖ
7. Directing ﺗﻮﺟﯿﺔ اﻷﺷﺨﺎص ﻧﺤﻮ اﻷﻓﻀﻞ وﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ اﻟﺪﻋﻢ و اﻟﻤﺸﻮرة ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﺰوم
8. monitoring overall progress ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺳﯿﺮ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
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1.Technical Skills
Technical skills are the abilities and knowledge needed to perform specific tasks.
They are the education, practical, and experiences needed to perform works
correctly and efficiently. It involves making, operating and using tools, machines
,techniques, designs, software, etc.
2. Conceptual Skills
These involve the skills managers present in terms of the knowledge and ability for
abstract thinking and formulating ideas. The manager is able to see an entire
concept, analyze a problem, and find creative solutions. This helps the manager to
effectively predict hurdles their department or the business may face.
3. Human or Interpersonal Skills
The human or the interpersonal skills are the skills that present the managers’ ability
to interact, work or relate effectively with people. These skills enable the managers
to make use of human potential in the company and motivate the employees for
better results.
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Types of construction projects
1. Residential Building
Include: homes, apartments, and low and high-rise buildings
Most common type of construction
Funded by individual owners for their own use or by developers for profit
The builder or the owner can design
2. Non-Residential Building
Include: commercial, educational, administrative, Health care, and industrial
Buildings.
Higher cost of construction
The contractors of such projects may be specialized in only that type of building.
3. infrastructure and heavy construction projects.
Projects such as highways, bridges, tunnels, water and sewer lines, offshore
platforms, air ports, and sewage treatment plants.
Most of these projects are publicly owned.
Heavy construction contractors, specialized contractors.
Large scale projects with high degree of complexity, Long duration, high cost.
Requires high technology, non – traditional construction methods & Equipment
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Building Construction
Bridge Construction
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Circular tank
Construction
Pipeline Construction
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Characteristics of Construction industry
Projects are large and consume much time, money, and
resources.
Projects are unique.
Organizations change from Project to Project
On-site work stations are not permanent (location)
Operations are conducted outside and thus subject to
Weather
Uncertainty in Project cost and duration
High risk
Construction is different from Manufacturing
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Project parties or stakeholders
The main participants (stakeholders) of project are:
1. Owner
2. Contractor
3. Consultant (Engineer)
A Conflict of interests exists between owner and Contractor
Other stakeholders include:
1. Vendors
2. Users
3. Bank
4. Manufacturer
5. Purchasing
6. Accounting
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1.The Owner:
The person how owns and finances the project.
His objective is to finish the project as soon as possible, with target cost
and best quality.
Owners could be Public or private
Responsible for selecting qualified designers, consultants, and
contractors
2.The Consultant (Engineer): 3. General Contractor
He may be Architect, civil, Responsible for constructing the
mechanical, .. Engineer project according to the contract.
He must Has the qualifications His objective is to finish the project
and experience to design, plan, in a reasonable time, min. cost
and supervise the project (max. profit. Quality is second
Assist the owner in developing priority.
the project’s scope, DWG, budget, Prepare the tender, time schedule,
schedule and documents and Cash flow.
His objective is to satisfy the may construct the project by
owner needs in the project himself or get subcontractors after
the owner acceptance.
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Project Resources:
In Project Management, resources are required to carry out
the project Activities. They can be people, equipment,
facilities, funding, or anything else.
Resources may be unlimited or limited in quantities and timing. The
lack of a resource will therefore be a constraint on the project
completion date.
Resource Scheduling, availability and optimisation are considered a
key to successful project management.
Project Key Resources:
1) Material
2) Labor
3) Equipment
4) Money
5) Time
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Project phases
project is divided into phases that a project passes through
from its initiation to its closure. that provide better
management and control of project operations.
Project phases are:
1.Feasibility study (Concept phase) ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺠﺪوي
2.Design phase (... - ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ )ﻣﻌﻤﺎري – إﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ – ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎء – ﺻﺤﻲ
3.Tender / Bidding & awarding ( procurement) phase ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﻄﺮح
واﻟﺘﺮﺳﯿﺔ واﻟﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ
4.Construction phase ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ
5.Turnover phase ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﻨﮭﻮ واﻟﺘﺴﻠﯿﻢ
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Project Life Cycle (Bar chart)
Phase Time
Feasibility study
Design
Bidding & awarding
Construction
Turnover
Project Life Cycle
Phase-to-Phase Relationships
The project phases are sequential process designed to ensure proper control of the
project.There are two types of relationships:
1) Sequential relationship.
In a sequential relationship, a phase starts only when the previous phase is complete.
2) overlapping (concurrent ) relationship.
In an overlapping relationship, a phase starts prior to completion of the previous
one.
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Invitation To Tender
ﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ اﻹﻋﻼن ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﻋﺪة ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻣﺜﻞ:
.1أﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺎﻟﻚ
.2وﺻﻒ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﻣﻮﻗﻌﺔ
.3ﻣﺪة اﻟﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ
.4ﻣﻜﺎن ﺑﯿﻊ ﻛﺮاﺳﺔ اﻟﺸﺮوط وﺳﻌﺮھﺎ
.5ﻗﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺄﻣﯿﻦ اﻻﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ
.6ﻗﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺄﻣﯿﻦ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﺋﻲ
.7ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﻤﻈﺮوف اﻟﻔﻨﻲ واﻟﻤﺎﻟﻲ
.8ﻣﻮاﻋﯿﺪ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ :اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺴﺎرات – ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ اﻟﻤﻈﺎرﯾﻒ – ﻓﺘﺢ
اﻟﻤﻈﺎرﯾﻒ – إﻋﻼن اﻟﻔﺎﺋﺰ.
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Questions ?
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