SELF-LEARNING MODULE

MATHEMATICS 7

QUARTER 2 MODULE 1

MEASUREMENT
 LEARNER’S GUIDE

SCHEDULE WHAT I KNOW? WHAT I NEED

DAY 1
DAY 2
DAY 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION

CONTENT STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEARNING COMPETENCIES

STANDARD
The learner The learner is able to 1. The learner approximates the measures
demonstrates formulate real-life of quantities particularly length,
understanding of the problems involving weight/mass, volume, time, angle and
key concepts of measurements and solve temperature and rate. (M7ME-IIa-3)
measurement. these using a variety of
strategies. 2. The learner converts measurements
from one unit to another in both Metric
and English systems. (M7ME-IIb-1)

3. The learner solves problems involving

conversion of units of measurement.
(M7ME-IIb-2)

[Insert here some reminders like materials they need, lighting, and ventilation. Then add

a positive note that you will begin the lesson now]

LESSON 1: MEASURES OF QUANTITIES

GOAL: history

Non-standard tools

REVIEW:

Let us check what you already know about this lesson!

Multiple Choice. Read each item carefully. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. It is the term use used for identifying the size of an object by the distance from end to
end or commonly referred to as the longest dimension of an object.

a. Length c. Volume
b. Weight d. Time

2. It is the amount of space an object occupies

a. Length c. Volume
b. Weight d. Time

3. It refers to the ongoing and continuous sequence of events taking place in succession,
from past to the present to the future.

a. Length c. Volume
b. Weight d. Time

4. It refers to the amount of matter an object has.

a. Length c. Volume
b. Weight d. Mass

5. It is gravitational pool acting on an object.

a. Length c. Volume
b. Weight d. Mass

6. It is a figure formed when two rays share a common endpoint called the vertex.
 a. Angle c. Temperature
b. Rate d. Time

7. It is them measurement of the degree of hotness or coldness of an object.

c. Angle c. Temperature
d. Rate d. Time

8. It is ration between two related quantities in different unit.

e. Angle c. Temperature
f. Rate d. Time

INVESTIGATE:

Let’s do this together. Determine the length and width of the following objects using only the
parts of your arm. Indicate the appropriate part of the arm used for each object. Do this activity
with one of your family members. Record the result in the given table below.

long folder bike sofa car

Lengt Width Lengt Width Lengt Width Lengt Width
h h h h
What arm part is
used?
 Palm
 Hand span
 Forearm length

YOU

Family member

Note: PALM – the width of one’s hand excluding the thumb

HAND SPAN – the distance between the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger of
the hand with fingers spread apart.
FOREARM LENGTH – the distance from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger.

WALK THROUGH:
Questions to ponder

 How was your experience with the previous activity?

 Did you find it hard to do actual measurement?
 Were there any differences in your data and your other family member’s data?
 What do you think is the cause of those differences?

Development of Measurements

People live in the world of measurement. Measurements are numerical information obtained
from different physical aspects such as, length, mass, volume, and time. Primitive societies
already used measuring in their way of living such as in constructing houses and buildings,
embroidering of clothes and trading of raw materials or goods.

Ancient Times

Man used body parts to indicate the length such as forearm, hand, finger, and foot while the
time was measured by the periodic behavior of the sun, moon, and other heavenly bodies. To
measure the capacity of a container, they used a vessel and fill it with plant seeds or stones,
then count.

However, using these units of measurement had a disadvantage. Not everyone had the same
length of body parts, the time per place differs, and stones’ sizes varied. When people started
comparing their measurements to one another discrepancies arose because measurements of
the same thing differed, depending on who was measuring it and what is used in measuring it.
Because of this, these units of measurement are called non-standard units of measurement.

Standardized English System

To deal with the problem of different measurements, the English system was developed in 12 th
century. They set standard measurement for each unit.

YARD – King Henry I of England standardized yard as a distance from the nose to the tip of his
outstretched thumb.

INCH – King Edward II set the standard for inch as the length of three grains of barley placed
end to end.

FOOT – Romans contributed the use of 12 as the base number of a foot which is the average
length of man’s foot.

MILE – Romans introduced mile formed by a thousand paces which is 5000 feet. Later, Queen
Elizabeth I changed the measure to 5,280 feet.
Metric System

People found the English System difficult and inconvenient to use. In 1790, the French Academy
of Sciences formed a committee to devise a new standard system for all the measures and
weights.

METER (m) – is the standard unit of length which was derived from the portion of meridian
(height) of the earth.

GRAM (g) – is the metric unit to determine the mass or weight defined from the mass of water
in a cube.

LITER (L) – is the metric unit used for determining the volume defined from the amount of
water in a cube.

The seven based units comprised of:

Quantity Base Unit

Length Meter (m)
Time Second (s)
Amount of Substance Mole (mol)
Electric current Ampere (A)
Temperature Kelvin (K)
Luminous Intensity Candela (cd)
Mass Gram (g)

The scientists recommended the metric system to be the measure based on power of ten. To
name the smaller or larger units for the meter, gram, and liter, Greek prefixes were used.

Below is the table of prefixes and their value

Prefix Symbol Decimal Value

yyota- Y 1024
zeta- Z 1021
exa E 1018
peta- P 1015
 tera- T 1012
giga- G 109
mega- M 106
kilo- k 1000
hecto- h 100
deca- da 10
unit 1
deci- d 0.1
centi- c 0.01
milli- m 0.001
micro- μ 10-6
nano- n 10-9
pico- p 10-12
femto- f 10-15
atto- a 10-18
zepto- z 10-21
yocto- y 10-24

In 1960, the metric system was designated to the International System of Units also known as
SI. Today, the modern metric system is widely used and practice all over the world. Even the
English system or customary units are still used as standard measurements.

REINFORCE:

Test I. Identify what is being asked. Write your answer on the space provided.

___________1. The base number of a foot.

___________2. The measurement was determined by a thousand paces.

___________3. It has a length of three grains of barley.

Test II. Arrange the following units in ascending order.

1. cg, Zg, yg, dag, Pg

2. L, ML, EL, nL, TL

LESSON 2: UNIT CONVERSION

GOAL: Approximation

REVIEW:

Unit Comparison. Write the correct inequality symbol for the unit of measurement.

1. kg _____ g 6. hm ______ m
2. cL _____ mL 7. dm ______ dam
3. dL _____ hL 8. Pg ______ yg
4. cm _____ Zm 9. foot ______ inch
5. cg _____ ag 10. yard _____ mile

INVESTIGATE:

Measurement Scavenger Hunt. Work with a family member to complete each of the scavenger
hunt tasks below.

TASK 1: Find an object in your house that is about 1.5 ft. write the object’s measurement in
inches.

My object: ___________
___________ inches

TASK 2: Find a container filled with water. Write the container’s capacity and weigh the water
inside. Write the water’s measurement in grams.

My container’s capacity: _________

_____________ grams water inside

TASK 3: Measure the length of your refrigerator in feet. And measure its length again in meter.
 My refrigerator’s length in feet: ________

My refrigerator’s length in meter: _______

WALK THROUGH:

Questions to ponder

 How was your experience with the previous activity?

 Did you find it hard to do actual measurement?

UNITS IN LENGTH

LENGTH is a measurement that determines the sizes or dimensions of concrete things. It also
determines the distance between things in different locations. The units used in measuring
length are categorizes in customary units and metric system.

The customary units of length are inches (in), feet (ft), yards (yd), and miles (mi). The metric
system has basic unit of meter (m) and the commonly used units in length are kilometer (km),
centimeter (cm) and millimeter (mm).

The equivalent relations of each unit are shown below.

Customary Units Metric System Combined

1 ft = 12 in 1 km = 1000m 1 in = 2.54 cm
1m = 100 cm 1 mi = 1.609 km
1 yd = 3 ft 1 cm = 10 mm 1 yd = 0.9144 m
= 36 in 1m = 3.28 ft

1 mi = 1760 yd
= 5280 ft

Conversion of Measurements

Since each unit has its equivalent relation, conversion from one unit to another will be possible.
FACTOR-LABEL METHOD is commonly used in converting measurements. To do that, follow the
steps.

(1) Decide on the equivalent relation to be used in conversion.

(2) Write the equivalent relation in fraction from together with the unit.
(3) Multiply the fractions and cancel the similar units.
 (4) Express the result in decimal number with the converted unit.

Example:

a. 5 ft = _____ in

Solution: Equivalent relation: ft → in

5 ft ×12∈ ¿ =5× 12=60∈¿ ¿

1 ft

b. 11.5 km = ______ yd

Solution: Equivalent relation: km → mi → yd or km → m → yd

1 mi 1.760 yd 20,240
11.5 km × × = =12, 579.24 yd
1.609 km 1 mi 1.609

1000 m 1 yd 11,500
11.5 km × × = =12 ,579.55 yd
1 km 0.9144 m 0.9144

Notice that the converted measurements are not equal but the results are close since the
equivalent relations are rounded off values.

Conversion Method for Metric System

The values of measurements in metric system are based in the power of ten. With that, another
method was formulated which makes conversion easy for metric system.
 (1) Use the metric system line.

(2) Count the number of shifts from the given unit to the needed unit.
(3) Move the decimal point of the given measre based on the number of shifts and insert
0’s.

Example:

MEASUREMENT OF MASS

MASS is the amount of matter in an object while the WEIGHT is the measure of an object due
to gravity.

The customary units of mass are ounces (oz), pounds (lbs), and U.S. tons (T) while the
commonly used measures in metric system are kilograms (kg), milligrams (mg), and grams (g)
which is the basic unit in mass.

The equivalent relation for measurements in mass are listed below.

Customary Units Metric System Combined

1 lb = 16 oz 1 kg = 1000g 1t = 1000 kg
1g = 1000 mg 1 kg = 2.2 lbs
1T = 2 000 lbs 1 oz = 28.35 g
Example:

a. 1200 oz = ______ kg

Solution: Equivalent relation: oz → g → kg or oz → lb → kg

28.35 g 1 kg 34.020
1200 oz × × = =34.02 kg
1 oz 1000 g 1000

1lb 1 kg 1200
1200 oz × × = =34.09 kg
16 oz 2.2lbs 35.2

b. 245,000 mg = ______ kg

Solution:

(I) Factor-Label Method: Equivalent relation: oz → g → kg or oz → lb → kg

1g 1 kg 245,000
245 000 mg× × = =0.245 kg
1000 mg 1000 g 1,000,000

(II) Metric System Line Method

kg hg dag g dg cg mg

UNITS IN CAPACITY

VOLUME is the amount of space that is occupied by a solid while CAPACITY is the amount of
liquid a container can hold.

The customary units of volume are fluid ounces (fl. oz.), cups (c), quartz (qt), and gallons (gal)
while the commonly used units in metric system are liters (L) which is the basic unit and
milliliters (mL).

Customary Units Metric System Combined

1c = 8 fl. oz. 1L = 1000 mL 1 gal = 3.7854 L
1 qt =4c 1L = 1.06 qt
1 gal = 4 qt

Example:
MEASUREMENT OF VOLUME

VOLUME is the amount of space, which is the number of cubic units that is occupied by a solid figure.
The solid figures are the containers used in determining the capacity. The commonly used solid figures
are cube, rectangular prisms, pyramids, cylinder, cone, and sphere. Below are the formulas used for
volume.

Solid Figures Illustration Volume

Cube

V c =e3
e = edge

Rectangular Prism

V pr =lwh
l = length, w = width, h = height

Rectangular Pyramid

1
V py = lwh
3

Cylinder

V cy =π r 2 h
r = radius, h = height

Cone

1
V co = π r 2 h
3

Sphere

4
V s = π r3
3
Example:

a. Solution:
e = 4 in
4 in V c =e3=43 =64 ¿3

b. Solution:
r = 3 cm, h = 11cm

1 1 1
V co = π r 2 h= π ( 3 2 ) ( 11 )= π ( 9 )( 11 ) ≈ 103.67 cm 3
3 3 3

UNITS IN TEMPERATURE

TEMPERATURE measures the degree of hotness or coldness of a living body or environment. Kelvin (K) is
the basic unit of temperature but frequently used in scientific experiments. The commonly used units in
measuring temperature are degree Celsius (oC) and degree Fahrenheit (oF).

Higher values indicate hotter temperature while the lower values indicate colder temperature. The
freezing point of water is 0oC or 32oF while the boiling point is 100oC or 212oF. The temperature can be
converted to different units using the following formulas.

Temperature in Celsius (Tc) Temperature in Fahrenheit (Tf)

5 9
T c = (T f −32) T f = T c +32
9 5

Example:

a. 20oC = ______ oF

Solution: T c =20

9 9 180
T f = T c +32= ( 20 ) +32= + 32=36+32=68o F
5 5 5

b. 112oF = ______ oC
 Solution: T f =112

5 5 5 400
T c = (T f −32)= (112−32)= (80)= =44 o C
9 9 9 9

UNITS IN TIME

TIME is a measurable period of an action or process and continuously occurs. The concept of
time is very basic and is integral in the discussion of other concept such as speed. The basic unit
for time is seconds (s) and all units are widely used in measuring time. The equivalent relations
for measurements in time are listed below:

1 min = 60 s 1 week = 7 days 1 decade = 10 yrs

1 hr = 60 mins 1 month = 30 days 1 century = 100 yrs
1 day = 24 hrs 1 yr = 365 days 1 millenium = 1000 yrs
= 12 mos
Example:

a. 8,150 s = _____ hr

Solution: Equivalent relation: s → min→ hr

1min 1 hr 8150
8150 s × × = =2.26 hrs
60 s 60 min 3600

b. 3 mos. = _____ wk

Solution: Equivalent relation: s → min→ hr

30 days 1 wk 90
3 mos × × = =12.86 wks
1mo 7 days 7

MEASUREMENT OF ANGLE

ANGLE is formed when two rays share a common endpoint called the vertex. Below is the three
different type of angle:

Type of Angle Illustration Definition

 Acute Angle An angle whose measure is less than 900

Right Angle An angle whose measure is exactly 900

Obtuse Angle An angle whose measure is more than 90o

A tool used to measure angles is called a protractor. It measure how “open” an angle is. Angles
are measure in degrees and are labeled with a ∘ symbol.

REINFORCE:

Multiple Choice. Read each item carefully. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. How many inches are there in 5 feet?

a. 45 in c. 60 in
b. 50 in d. 75 in

2. Convert 4 miles to kilometers.

a. 6.44 km c. 5.61 km
b. 2.49 km d. 4.55 km
 3. How many years are there in 50 centuries?

a. 500 yrs c. 50,000 yrs

b. 5,000 yrs d. 500,000 yrs

4. What is 250oF

a. 100oC c. 121oC
b. 112oC d. 125oC

5. Which of the following inequalities is true?

a. 1 yd > 1 mi c. 1 in < 1 cm
b. 1 kg > 1 lb d. 1 L < 1 gal

LESSON 3: PROBLEM INVOLVING CONVERSION OF UNIT MEASUREMENTS

GOAL: problem solving and estimation

REVIEW:

Choose an appropriate SI unit of measure for each of the following:

Length:

1. A ballpen
2. A Television
3. A building

Mass:

4. A sack of rice
5. A 13-year old boy or girl
Capacity:

6. A pail of water
7. A tank of gasoline
8. A dose of medicine

Volume:

9. Basketball
10. Box

INVESTIGATE:

Task I. Use a measuring tool (tape measure or ruler) to measure your Non-Standard Units to
Metric Units.

Palm Hand span Forearm length

centimeters
meters

Task II. Estimate the lengths of the following objects in the table below without using any
measuring tool.

Envelope Length of door Capacity of Weight of pet

water jug
Non-
Standard
Unit

Metric Unit

WALK THROUGH:

Problem Solving Involving Measurements

LENGTH
 1. Samuel walked 1.25 kilometers from their house going to school. What is the total
length of the distance in feet?

Solution: Convert 1.25 kilometers to feet.

Equivalent relation: km → m → ft

1000 m 3.28 ft
1.25 km× × = (1.25 )( 1000 ) ( 3.28 )=4,100 ft
1 km 1m

Conclusion: Samuel walked about 4,100 feet from his house to school.

MASS

2. A diamond stone weighs 17 grams while a sapphire is 15 grams. What is the total weight
of the gemstones in ounces?

Solution: Add the measures in grams then convert in ounces.

17 grams + 15 grams = 32 grams

Equivalent relation: g → oz

1 oz 32
32 g × = =1.13 oz
28.35 g 28.35

Conclusion: The total weight of the gemstones is 1.13 oz.

CAPACITY

3. Verna wants to use a bathtub that requires 250 L of water. If he will use a pail that can
hold 2 gal, how many pail of water are needed to fill the bathtub?

Solution: Convert the capacity of pail that is 2 gallons into liters.

Equivalent relation: gal → L

3.7854 L
2 gal × =2 (3.7854 )=7.57 L
1 gal

Divide the required volume of water in the bathtub to the volume of the pail.

250 L
=33
7.57 L

Conclusion: Verna needs 33 pails of water to fill the bathtub.

VOLUME

4. A swimming pool is 20 ft long, 12 ft wid, and 8 ft high. What is the volume of the pool?

Solution: l = 20 ft, w = 12 ft, h = 8 ft

V pr=lwh=( 20 ) ( 12 )( 8 )=1,920 ft 3

Conclusion: The volume of the swimming pool is 1,920 ft3

TEMPERATURE

5. Bea needs to set the oven to 250oF to bake cake. What is the temperature in degree
Celsius?

Solution: Tf = 250

5 5 5 1090
T c = ( T f −32 )= ( 250−32 )= ( 218 )= =121o C
9 9 9 9

Conclusion: The temperature of the oven is 121oC.

TIME

6. Jean spent 2 hrs and 45 mins in reviewing for her exams and 3 hrs and 25 mins in doing
projects. How much time did she spend in doing school works?

Solution: Add the two given time wherein the corresponding units are aligned

2hrs 45 mins
+ 3 hrs 25 mins
6 hrs 10 mins

Remember that 60 mins = 1hr, so it will be added to hours and write the remaining in minutes.

Conclusion: Jean spent 6 hours and 10 minutes in doing her school works.

REINFORCE:
Task I. Answer the following word problems. Show your full solution.

1. The measure of LCD TV screen is 35 cm while the length of a laptop screen is 17 in.
Which of the two screens is bigger?

Solution: Convert the measure of LCD TV screen of 35 cm to in

Equivalent relation: cm → in

35 cm× 1∈ ¿ = 35 =13.78 ≈ 14∈¿ ¿

2.54 cm 2.54

14∈¿ 17∈¿

Conclusion: The laptop screen with the measure 17 in is much bigger than the LCD TV screen
which is about 14 in long.

2. A tennis ball has a radius of 2.5 in How many tennis balls can be placed in a cylindrical
container with same radius as the tennis ball and whose height is 16 in.?

Solution:

Volume of a tennis ball

r = 2.5 in

4 4 4 4 π ( 15.63 ) 196.41
V s = π r 3 = π (2.5)3= π ( 15.63 )= = =65.47¿ 3
3 3 3 3 3

Volume of a cylindrical container

r = 2.5 in, h = 16 in

V cy =π r 2 h=π ( 2.5¿¿ 2) ( 16 )=π ( 6.25 ) ( 16 )=100 π∨314.16 ¿3 ¿

Divide the volume of the container to the volume of a tennis ball

314.16 ¿3
=4.8
65.47 ¿3

Conclusion: The cylindrical container can hold 4 tennis balls.

Task II. Estimate the measurement of the given angles, then check your estimates by measuring the
same angles using your protactor.
 Angle

Estimation
Measurement