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Exp 5

The experiment determines the density of a solid substance by measuring its mass and volume. The mass is measured with a balance. The volume is found by measuring the displacement of water when the solid is fully submerged. This gives the volume of water displaced, which equals the volume of the solid. The density is then calculated as the mass divided by the volume. Three trials were performed with an average volume found. The calculated density of the substance was 78 x 103 kg/m3.

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Kabir Md
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17 views3 pages

Exp 5

The experiment determines the density of a solid substance by measuring its mass and volume. The mass is measured with a balance. The volume is found by measuring the displacement of water when the solid is fully submerged. This gives the volume of water displaced, which equals the volume of the solid. The density is then calculated as the mass divided by the volume. Three trials were performed with an average volume found. The calculated density of the substance was 78 x 103 kg/m3.

Uploaded by

Kabir Md
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name of the Experiment: Determine density of a solid.

Theory:
The space occupied by a solid substance is called its volume and mass per unit
volume of a body is called density. When a solid is dipped into liquid it displaces
liquid equal to its own volume. The reading of the water level before and after the
immersion of the in the measuring cylinder are V1cm3 and V2cm3.

The volume of the solid, V= (V1- V2) cm3…………………………….(1)

Let M gm be the mass of the body, therefore density,


M gm M M
𝑑= = gmcm-3= X103 kgm-3………………………..(2)
Vcm3 V V

Apparatus:
Measuring cylinder, balance, a solid substance of any shape.

Procedure:
1. The mass of the solid substance was measured by a balance.
2. The half portion of the measuring cylinder was filled up with water and the
reading of the upper level of the water was taken.
3. The solid was tied by a string and was dipped it into the water of the
cylinder so that it stays at the bottom of it. When the water comes to a
standstill position the reading of the upper level of the water was taken.
4. Procedure 2 and 3 was repeated taking different amount of water in the
measuring cylinder and the readings in the table was written down.
5. The volume of the solid substance was found with the help of necessary
calculation from (1). Using equation no. 2 the density of the solid substance
was determined.
Table of determining the mass and volume of the substance:
Number of Mass of Reading of Reading of Volume of Average
observations the solid the upper the upper the solid Volume
M level of level of V= (V1- V
gm water, water, V2) cm3
before after cm3
immersion immersion
of the of the
body body
3
V1cm V2cm3

1 31.2 30 34.1 4.1

2 31.2 36 40 4.0
4
3 31.2 40 43.9 3.9
Calculations:
Volume of the solid, V= (V1- V2) cm3
=34.1-30=4.1 cm3
=4.1 X 10-6m3

M
Density of the solid substance,𝑑 = kgm-3
V
31.2
= gmcm-3
4
= 7.8 gmcm-3
=78 X103 kgm-3

Results: Density of the of the substance= 78 X10 3


kgm-3.

Precautions:
1. The substance should be insoluble in water and must be heavier than
water.
2. All the readings should be taking avoiding parallax error.
3. Splashing of water should be avoided while dipping the substance in water.

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