Historical development of science and technology in

the Philippines
Spanish Colonial Era

 Introuduced formal education

 Scie and tech in the phi experienced periods of  Early years of Spanish rule in phil, taught
intense growth as well as long periods of reading, writing, arithmetic and music.
stagnation  Sanitation and agriculture and more advance
 The main managing agencuu for sci and tech is methods
DOST  Established colleged and universities in the
 Numerous national sci have contributed in diff archipelago inlcludin the oldest existing
fieldss of scinence includingng Fe del mundo – university in Asia, the University of Sto. Tomas
pediatrics, Eduardo Quisumbing – plant  The Galleon Trade, accounted in the phil
taxonomy, Gavino Trono – tropical marine colonial economy
phycologym maria orosa – food tech  Trade was given focus by the Spaniard colonial
due to prospects of big profits
 Agriculture and industrial development was
Pre Spanish era neglected
 Suez canal, saw the influx of European visitors
 Aware of medicinal and therapeutic properties of
to the Spanish colony . Filos were able to study
plants and methods of extracting
in Europe who were probably influenced by the
 Had alphabet, number system, a weighing and
rapid development of scientific ideals lead to
measuring system and a calendar. Engaged in
the Age of Enlightenment
o FARMING
 Established schools run by Spanish friars
o SHIP BUILDING
(highest institution of learning, pontifical and
o MINING royal university of sto. Tomas , hospitals started
o AND WEAVING scientific research
 Banaue Rice terraces, engineered by pre-sapnish  Strict hold of the church among citizens and its
era Filipinos. intervention and meddling to the government
 First inhabitants, Palawan, Batangas around  Dr. Jose Rizal. Epitome of Renaissance in Phil
40,000 years ago, made simple tools context.
 Brought by primitive needs.  Charity hospitals became the breeding
 Learned to understand that when clay is mixed ground for scientific researched on pharmacy
with water can make pots before sun drying and medicine, with great focus on problems of
 Learned to extract,smelt, and refine metals like infectious diseases, their causes and possible
copper, gold, bronze, and iron from nature and remedies
formed into fashion, tools, and implements  In 1887, the Laboratorio Municipal De
 As the inhabitants shifted from wandring from Ciudad De Manila was created and whose
one place to another abd learned to sellle in functions were to conduct biochemical analyses
areas near water source, they learned to weave for public health, medico legal cases, and
cotton, engaged in agriculture, and specimen analysis
knowledgeable on building boats for coastal  Cronica De Ciencias Medicas De Filipinas,
trade publication, first scientific journal in the
 Primitive filipinos practiced science and country- also showed studies undertaken that
technology in their everyday lives time.
 The exploitation of natural resources of the
country through agriculture, mining of metals
and minerals and establishing various kinds of
industries were started during this time to
promote eco growth
  In 19th century, Manila became a cosmopolitan  Industrial tech was not prio due to free trade
center and modern amenities were introduced to policy with US which focused on agricultural
the city. economy.
 Phil evolved into a agriculture centered due to  1946, bureau of science was replaced with the
Influx of foreign capital and technology = Institute Of Science
modernization of some sectors, notably sugar,  US Economic Survey in 1950, there was
and hemp productin o Lack of basic information
o Lack of support of experimental work
American Period
and minimal budget for scientific
 rapid growth in science and tech during the research
American occupation was made possible ny the o Low salaries of scientists employed by
governments extensive public edcuaton system the government
from elementary tertiary schools  1958, during regime of President Carlos P.
 college of agriculture (UPLB in 1909) Garcia, the Philippine Congress passed the
 College of Arts, Engineering and Veterinary science act of 1958 which established the
Medicine (UPD in 1910) College of Medicine National Science Development Board
(UPD in 1940)
 Bureau of Science formerly Bureau of
Commonwealth Period
Govenment Laboratories, was composed of a
biological chemical, and serum laboratory for  Filos were busy in working towards economic
the production of virus vaccine, serums, and reliance but acknowledge the importance and
prophylactics, and a library cital role of science and technology for the eco
 The enrolment in vet me and vocational courses dev of the country by declaring that “the state
were dismal that the government had to offer shall promote scientific research and invention’
scholarships to attract students. The filipinos  The prevailing institutions during the time of
prefer prestigious professions at that time like Commonwealth period to the Japanese regime
priesthood, law and medicine had made development in science and
 It served as the primary training ground fro filo technology practically impossible
scientists and paved the way for pionerring  This is also true when WWII ended and left
scientific research, most especially on the study Manila, the country’s capital in ruins, The giv
of various tropical diseases that were prevalent had rebuild again and normalize the operation in
during those time like malaria the whole country
 Another great contribution of the bureau of
science to the dev of science and in the Science and Technology Since Independence
Philippine was the publication of the  Institute of Science – replaced the bureau of
Philippine journal of science, published science and was placed under the office of the
researched done in local labs pres in the phil
 December 8, 1933, established national research  1958, Carlos P. Garcia, Science act of 1958,
council of the Philippines NSDB
 July 1, 1901, Phil comms established Bureau of  Little innovation since 1946
givebrment Laboratories which was placed
under the department of interior Science and Technology in the 1960s to 1990s
 Bureau replaced the Laboratorio Municipal
 Section 9(1) of the 1973 Philippine Constituton
 October 26,1905, the bureau of government
thet science will be prio
laboratories was replaced by the bureay of
 April 6, 1968, BBM proclaimed 35-hectare land
science and on December 8,1933
in Bicutan, taguid as the site of Philippine
 Science during the American period was inclibed
Science Community
towards agriculture, food processing, forestry,
 1969, provided funds ti priv univ to encourage
medicine and pharmacy
conduct of res
  1970, Philippine coconut Research of Institue e,  1970s, impotance to science grew
Philippine textile Research Institure, Philippine  1973 Phil Consti, Article 15, Sec 1
Atomic energy establish under NSDB  1974, Sci Dec program was included in the 4 y
 1972, PD no. 4. The Natnl Grains Authority, ear dev program
tasked to improve rice and corn industry thus  Funding for science was also increased ,
help in eco dev  1986
 Philippine Council For Agricultural Research
 PAGASA
 1973, Philippine National Oil company created Hopes in Philippines Science and Technology
by PD no. 334.
 NAST – National Academy of Science and  Diwata 1- first micro-satellite launched in space
Technology by the Philippines
 1982, NDSB further reorganized into a National  Guided by Japanese experts
Science and Technology Authority (NSTA)  Provides real time high resolution and multi-
composed of four research and development color infrared images for various applications
councils including metereological imaging
o PCARRD  Enables a more precise estimate of the fileld
o PCIERD  Provides information about hazards
o PCHRD  Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards
 March 1983, EO no. 889 issued by the Pres (NOAH)
which provided for the establishment of a o June 2012, help manage risks associated
national network of centers of excellence in with natural hazards and disasters
basic sciences o Uses the lidar
o NINSR o Developed Hydromet sensors and high
o NIC resolution geo hazard maps
o NIB  Intelligent Operation center Platform
o NIMS o Local collaboration with governments
 Scientific Career System in the Civil Service for real time monitoring
o Designed to attract more qualified Current Initiatives in Science and Technology in the
scientists to work in gov Country
o July 19, 193, by PD No.901
 Department of Science and Technology  Advanced device and materials testing in
o Premier science and technology body in laboratories
the country, mandated to provide central  Electronics Products Development Centers
direction, leadership, and coordination  Philippine Genome Center
of all scientific and technological  DIE and Mold solutions center
activities, and of formulating policies,
programs and projects to support
national development
o Replaced the national science and
technology in 1986, under the aquino
administratin, with the ff functions (Jan
30,1987
 Pursue declared state of policy
of supporting local scientific
and technological effort
 Self reliance
 Funding
o Budget was tripled

Post Commonwealth era