Chapter 1: Introduction to Emerging Technologies
Emerging technology= a new technologies / continuous development of
existing technology.
ET refers to technologies that are currently developing, or that are
expected to be available within the next five to ten years.
Technology =
Evolution =means the process of developing by gradual changes.
* List of some currently available emerged technologies
AI, Block chain, AR & VR, CC, A & R, IOT, I-Apps, BD, RPA
Industrial Introduction to the Revolution (IR
A period of major industrialization and innovation.
took place during the late 1700s and early 1800s
The revolution started in England.
The manufacturing of goods moved from small shops and homes to large
factories.
The American Industrial Revolution (Second Industrial Revolution) was
started between 1820 and 1870.
1st IR= mechanization through water and steam power
2nd IR= mass production and assembly lines using electricity
the following industrial revolutions fundamentally changed
and transfer the world around us into modern society:-
• The steam engine,
• The age of science and mass production, and
• The rise of digital technology
• Smart and autonomous systems fueled by data and machine learning.
The Most Important Inventions of the Industrial Revolution
* Transportation, Communication & Industry
Historical Background (IR 1.0, IR 2.0, IR 3.0)
The first European countries to be industrialized after England were
Belgium, France, and the German states.
The final cause of the Industrial Revolution was the effects created by the
Agricultural Revolution (increase in food production=the key outcome of
the AR).
The four types of industries are: primary, secondary, tertiary and the
quaternary.
Industrial Revolution (IR 1.0)
Described as a transition to new manufacturing processes.
transition from hand production methods to machines
the increasing use of steam power
the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system
Industrial Revolution (IR 2.0)
also known as the Technological Revolution
began in the 1870s
the development of methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts
widespread adoption of pre-existing technological systems
Industrial Revolution (IR 3.0) /“Digital Revolution”.
transition from mechanical and analog electronic technology to digital
electronics
which began from the late 1950s
The core factor of this revolution is the mass production and widespread
use of digital logic circuits and its derived technologies such as the
computer
Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
The term IR 4.0 was coined by Klaus Schwab in the year 2016.
A cyber-physical system is a mechanism that is controlled by computer-
based algorithms, tightly integrated with the Internet and its users.
E.g:- robotics, IOT and autonomous vehicles
CNC machines = are operated by giving it instructions using a computer &
widely practiced in industries today.
Role of Data for Emerging Technologies
