FULL SOLUTIONS

SPM FOCUS PRACTICE CHAPTER 5

PAPER 1 71.15
5. (a) r1 = = 1.011
70.37
1. S4 = –15 71.93
4 [2a + 3d] = –15 r2 = = 1.011
71.15
2 72.72
2(2a + 3d) = –15 r3 = = 1.011
71.93
4a + 6d = –15 …… 
Since r1 = r2 = r3 = 1.011
T5 = 3
a + 4d = 3 Thus, the population growth forms a
a = 3 – 4d ……  geometric progression.
Substitute  into . (b) n = 2050 – 2017 + 1 = 34
4(3 – 4d) + 6d = –15 T34 = 70.37(1.011)33
12 – 16d + 6d = –15 = 100.97 millions
10d = 27
d = 2.7 2
6. (a) a = 4, r = = –0.5
Substitute d = 2.7 into . 4
a = 3 – 4(2.7) S =
4
= –7.8 1  (0.5)

2. (a) 7 – p = 10 – 7 = 8
3
p=4
(b) 49, 52, 55 (b) 1.3939393… = 1 + 0.39 + 0.0039 + …
a = 0.39
3. (a) k – h = 2h + 4 – k
2k = 3h + 4 r = 0.0039 = 0.01
0.39
3h  4
k=
2 0.39
S =
1  0.01
(b) a = h, d = k – h
T8 = h + 7(k – h)
= 39
99
= h + 7k – 7h 13
= 7k – 6h =
33
= 7  3h2 4  – 6h
Thus, 1.3939393… = 1 + 13
33
21h
+ 14 – 6h
=
2 = 46
33
9
= h + 14
2 7. 0.42424242… = 0.42 + 0.0042 + 0.000042 + ...

4. (a) d = 26 – 32 = –6 0.0042
r= = 0.01
Tn < 0 0.42
32 + (n – 1)(–6) < 0 0.42
32 – 6n + 6 < 0 S =
1  0.01
6n > 38
n > 6.333 = 42
99
Thus, n = 7. 14
=
33
(b) Tn = Sn – Sn – 1
= 9(3n – 1) – 9(3n – 1 – 1) h
=
14
n
9(3 ) 2h  k 33
= 9(3n) – 9 – +9
3 Thus, h = 14 , 2h + k = 33
= 9(3n) – 3(3n) 2(14) + k = 33
= 6(3n) k=5

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8. (a) a = 3, d = 0.5, n = 10 (b) r = 2
10 c=8222
S10 = [2(3) + 9(0.5)]
2 = 64
= 5(10.5)
= 52.5 minutes 12. Magazine A: a = 52, d = –4
Since 52.5 minutes < 60 minutes, thus Tn = 52 + (n – 1)(–4)
Noraidah is qualified to take part for the state = 52 – 4n + 4
level run. = 56 – 4n
Magazine B: a = 36, d = –3
1 1
(b) , ,… Tn = 36 + (n – 1)(–3)
8 32
= 36 – 3n + 3
r= 1  1 = 39 – 3n
32 8
56 – 4n = 39 – 3n
1
= n = 17
4
Thus, the remaining number of two types of
1 magazines are the same after 17 days.
S =
8
1 1 2 x  17 1
4 13. (a) = 
x 1 2
= 1 2(2x – 17) = –(x – 1)
6 4x – 34 = –x + 1
5x = 35
9. 3, 3 + p, 3 + p + q, …
x=7
3 p 3 p  q
= T15 = x – 1
3 3 p (b)

 
14
3 p 3 p  2p a 1 =7–1
=
3 3 p 2
3 p 3 3p a = 98 304
=
3 3 p
14. (a) 10 – x = y – 10
(3 + p)2 = 3(3 + 3p) x + y = 20
9 + 6p + p2 = 9 + 9p
p2 – 3p = 0
1 6 30
p(p – 3) = 0 (b) a = 5, r = 1 + = ,n= = 15
5 5 2
p = 0 (rejected) or p = 3
2(3), 2(3 + 3), 2[3 + 3 + 2(3)], …
6, 12, 24, …  5

 15 
5  6  1

S15 =
6 1
r=
12 = 2 5
6 = 360.176 minutes
6(210  1) Since 360.176 minutes > 180 minutes
S10 = (3 hours), thus Praveen is not qualified for the
2 1
= 6 138 state level run.

10. (a) p = –1, 0, 1 15. S5 = 25

5
[2a + 4d] = 25
11 2
(b) a = T1 = 4r 5(2a + 4d) = 50
3
10a + 20d = 50
=
4
a + 2d = 5
3
a = 5 – 2d …… 
11. (a) Tn = Sn – Sn – 1 T7 = –11
n n 1 a + 6d = –11
= (12 – 2n) – [12 – 2(n – 1)] a = –11 – 6d …… 
2 2
= 6n – n2 – 6(n – 1) + (n – 1)2  = : 5 – 2d = –11 – 6d
= 6n – n2 – 6n + 6 + n2 – 2n + 1
4d = 16
= 7 – 2n
d = –4

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 Substitute d = –4 into . x 36
21. (a) =
4 x
a = 5 – 2(–4) x2 = 144
= 13 x = 12

3 1 12
16. (a) a = S1 = (5  1) r= =3
4 4
=3
(b) T4 – T3 = 30ar
(b) T2 = S2 – S1 ar3 – ar2 = 30ar
r2 – r – 30 = 0
3
= (52  1) – 3 (r – 6)(r + 5) = 0
4
= 15 r = 6 or r = –5
15 22. (a) y + 5 – 15 = 3y – 2x – (y + 5)
r=
3 y – 10 = 3y – 2x – y – 5
=5 y = 2x – 5
17. Company P: a = 33 600, r = 1.06, n = 10 (b) d = y + 5 – 15
= (2x – 5) – 10
33 600(1.06  1)
10
S10 = = 2(6) – 15
1.06  1 = –3
= RM442 875
23. (a) 6 – p = 10 – 6
Company Q: a = 28 800, r = 1.1, n = 10 6–p=4
28 800(1.110  1) p=2
S10 =
1.1  1 (b) d = 10 – 6 = 4
= RM458 998
42, 46, 50
Candra should choose company Q.
40%  RM458 998 = RM183 599 24. T2 = –5
a + d = –5
18. (a) d1 = 45° – 35° = 10° a = –5 – d …… 
d2 = 55° – 45° = 10° T7 = 20
Since d1 = d2 = 10°, thus the progression is an a + 6d = 20
arithmetic progression. a = 20 – 6d …… 
 = : –5 – d = 20 – 6d
(b) q = 55° + 10° = 65° 5d = 25
d=5
(c) S6 =
6 [2(35) + 5(10)]
2 Substitute d = 5 into .
= 360° a = –5 – 5
= –10
19. (a) S8 = 96
8 8
[2a + 7(–4)] = 96 25. (a) r = x 4 = x4
2 x
4(2a – 28) = 96
2a = 52
(b) x4 = 1
a = 26
1  x4 15
(b) T8 = 26 + 7(–4) 1 – x = 15x4
4

= –2 16x4 = 1
x4 =
1
20. (a) p = 0.0028, q = 0.000028 16
x = 4 1
0.0028 16
(b) r =
0.28 =
1
= 0.01 2

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 2. n = 2028 – 2018 + 1 = 11
26. (a) S6 = 6 [3(6) + 9]
2 (a) T11 = 25 000+ 10(500)
= 81 = 30 000
(b) T6 = S6 – S5 (b) Tn = 2(25 000)
= 81 – 5 [3(5) + 9] 25 000 + (n – 1)(500) = 50 000
2 500(n – 1) = 25 000
= 21 n = 51

p2
2018 + 51 – 1 = 2068
27. (a) r = = p2
1 Thus, in the year 2068, the number of cars
produced is twice the number of cars
1 produced in the year 2018.
(b) =5
1  p2

1 – p2 = 1 (c) S11 = 11 [2(25 000) + 10(500)]

5 2
= 302 500
p = 4
2
5
4 = 0.8
p=  4 3. (a) r =
5
5
= 0.8944 4
a =  100 cm = 80 cm
5
28. (a) q – 5p = p – 4 – q Tn < 30
2q = 6p – 4 80(0.8)n – 1 < 30
q = 3p – 2 30
0.8n – 1 <
80
(b) d = q – 5p
log10 0.8n – 1 < log10
30
= 3p – 2 – 5p
80
= –2p – 2
(n – 1) log10 0.8 < log10
30
T9 = 5p + 8(–2p – 2) 80
= 5p – 16p – 16 n > 5.396
= –11p – 16
Thus, n = 6.

PAPER 2 (b) Total distance = 100 + 2S

p 3 584
= 100 + 2 1 800.8 
1. (a) = = 100 + 800
224 p
p2 = 802 816 = 900 cm
p = 896 =9m

r=
896 = 4 4. (a) (449 – 1)  2 = 224
224
3, 5, 7, …
(b) T6 = 14 336 a = 3, d = 5 – 3 = 2
a(4)5 = 14 336
14 336 Sn = 224
a= n [2(3) + (n – 1)(2)] = 224
1 024
2
= 14 n(6 + 2n – 2) = 448
n(4 + 2n) = 448
(c) Tn > 20 000 4n + 2n2 = 448
14(4)n – 1 > 20 000 2
n + 2n – 224 = 0
20 000 (n – 14)(n + 16) = 0
4n – 1 >
14 n = 14 or n = –16 (rejected)
20 000
log10 4n – 1 > log10 14  2 + 1 = 29
14
20 000 Thus, 29 rows.
(n – 1) log10 4 > log10
14
n > 6.240 (b) T14 = 3 +13(2)
= 29
Thus, n = 7.

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 (b) (i) Sn = 8 188 cm, a = 4 cm
5. r = 1 – 1 = 3 = 0.75
4 4
4(2n  1)
T6 = 168(0.75)5 = 8 188
(a) 2 1
= 39.87 g 4(2n – 1) = 8 188
2n = 2 048
(b) 3  4 = 12 weeks 2n = 211
n = 11
168(1  0.7512 )
S12 =
1  0.75 (ii) T11 = 4(2)10
= 650.7 g = 4 096 cm

168 p
(c) S =
1  0.75 9. (a) = 729
81 p
= 672 g 2
p = 59 049
p = 243
6. (a) (i) a = 10, d = 4, n = 56
T56 = 10 + 55(4) r = 243 = 3
= 230 cm 81

(b) S6 = 364
(ii) S56 =
56 [2(10) + 55(4)]
2 a(36  1)
= 364
= 6 720 cm 3 1
728a = 728
43 800 a=1
(b) = 146
300
Tn = 146 (c) Tn > 9 000
10 + (n – 1)(4) = 146 1(3)n – 1 > 9 000
4(n – 1) = 136 log10 3n – 1 > log10 9 000
n = 35 (n – 1) log10 3 > log10 9 000
n > 9.2877
Thus, 35th coloured rectangle has an area of
43 800 cm2. Thus, n = 10.

7. a = 4 550 , d = –350, l = 700 10. (a) T11 = 3 + 10(3)

= 33
Tn = 700
4 550 + (n – 1)(–350) = 700 Volume = (4)2(33)
–350(n – 1) = 3 850 = 528 cm3
n = 12
(b) 3 744  (4)2 = 234
S12 =
12 [2(4 550) + 11(–350)]
2 n [2(3) + (n – 1)(3)] = 234
= 31 500 2
n(3 + 3n) = 468
31 500  RM0.30 = RM9 450 3n + 3n2 = 468
2
n + n – 156 = 0
8. (a) T6 = 4T4 (n – 12)(n + 13) = 0
ar5 = 4ar3 n = 12
r2 = 4
r = 2
Thus, r = 2.

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