LABORATORY: Electronics and electrotechnology
EXERCISE EXERCISE SUBMISSION
№: 4(s7) DATE: 28.05.2024 DATE: 11.06.2024
EXERCISE TOPIC: Digital multimeter. Resistance measurement using the
correct current measurement method
YEAR: GROUP: NAME AND SURNAME: GRADE:
1 Year L01 Dmytro Baranov INSTRUCTOR’S SIGNATURE:
Purpose of the exercise
The aim of the exercise is to become familiar with the use of digital multimeters and the ability
to create measurement systems.
Theoretical part
Digital Multimeter Overview
A digital multimeter (DMM) is an essential tool in electronics for measuring various electrical
parameters such as voltage, current, and resistance. It combines multiple measurement
functions into a single device, providing high precision and ease of use for various electrical
measurements.
Components and Functions of a Digital Multimeter
1. Display:
o Shows the measurement readings.
o Can display digits, units, and sometimes a graphical representation of
measurements.
2. Measurement Ports:
o Includes ports for connecting probes.
o Common ports: COM (common ground), V/Ω (voltage and resistance
measurement), and A (current measurement).
3. Rotary Switch:
o Allows selection of different measurement modes such as voltage (AC/DC),
current (AC/DC), and resistance.
4. Probes:
o Used to connect the multimeter to the circuit under test.
o Typically consists of a black (negative) and a red (positive) probe.
Measurement Principles
1. Voltage Measurement:
o Measures the electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit.
o Voltage can be AC (alternating current) or DC (direct current).
o The multimeter is connected in parallel with the component whose voltage is to
be measured.
2. Current Measurement:
o Measures the flow of electric charge through a conductor.
o Current can also be AC or DC.
o The multimeter is connected in series with the component to measure the
current flowing through it.
3. Resistance Measurement:
o Measures the opposition to the flow of current in a circuit.
o Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).
o The multimeter applies a small voltage through the resistor and measures the
current flow to determine the resistance.
Practical part
1. Measuring with ohmmeter:
Resistor 1 – 3.224 kΩ
Resistor 2 – 3.863 kΩ
Resistor 3 – 3.418 kΩ
2. Measuring the voltage and current:
R1 – Current: 1.478 mA; Voltage: 4.775 V
R2 – Current: 1.2087 mA; Voltage: 4.792 V
R3 – Current: 1.4427 mA; Voltage: 4.795 V
3. Measuring the resistance of series connection of resistors
R1, R2 and R3.
Current: 0.4615 mA;
Voltage: 4.803 V
4. Measuring the resistance of parallel connection of resistors
R1, R2 and R3.
Current: 4.170 mA;
Voltage: 4.782 V
Calculations of the relative and absolute errors:
1. Series resistance:
Expected series resistance:
Rs= R1 + R2 + R3 = 3.224 + 3.863 + 3.418 = 10.505 kΩ = 10505 Ω
Measured series resistance:
4.803 V
Rs= 0.4615 mA = 10407.37 Ω
2. Parallel resistance:
Expected parallel resistance:
Rp= 3328.12 Ω
Measured parallel resistance:
Rp= 1146.76 Ω
Series Connection:
Absolute error: 10505 – 10407.37 = 97,63 Ω
Relative error: 0.93%
Parallel Connection:
Absolute error: 3328.12 – 1146.76 = 2181.36 Ω
Relative error: 65.54%
Conclusions
The exercise outlined in the manual aims to familiarize with the
use of digital multimeters and the creation of measurement
systems for resistance measurement. By engaging in hands-on
activities, one learns to measure resistance using both
ohmmeters and the method based on Ohm's law. The detailed
step-by-step instructions guide through setting up the
measurement system, conducting measurements, and
recording data for resistors both individually and in series and
parallel configurations. This exercise not only reinforces
theoretical knowledge but also enhances practical skills in
handling measuring devices, ensuring accurate measurements
by considering the internal resistances of the devices used.
Ultimately, the tasks to be performed in the report, including
error calculation and result analysis, promote a comprehensive
understanding of resistance measurement techniques and the
factors influencing their accuracy.
