LEARN AND PRACTICE
LOCATION AND FUNCTION (2)
STRUCTURE LOCATION FUNCTION
1. Spleen In the abdomen behind the stomach Acts as a reservoir of blood, produces
,above the left kidney. lymphocytes
2. Ureter Tube that arises from the hilum in Carries urine produced in the kidneys
median surface of each kidney and to the urinary bladder.
connects behind with the urinary bladder
3. Sphincter Guards the opening of the bladder Relaxes during micturition
4. Duramater Outermost tough fibrous membrane Protects the brain from mechanical
shocks
5. Arachnoid Thin delicate middle layer in the brain Protects the brain from mechanical
giving a web like cushion shocks
6. piamater Innermost highly vascular membrane, Protects the brain from mechanical
richly Supplied with blood shocks
7. Corpus callosum Sheet of fibres connecting the two Transfers the nerve impulse from one
cerebral hemisphere cerebral hemisphere to other
8. Medulla oblongata Lowest portion of the brain located at Controls the involuntary activities of
the base of the skull. the internal organs.
9. cerebellum Located just at the base and under the Maintains the balance of the body
large cerebrum and coordinate muscular activity.
10. Pons Located in the centre of the brain below Carries the impulses from one
the cerebellum. hemisphere of the cerebellum to the
other.
Coordinates muscular movements on
both the sides of the body.
11. Lacrimal gland Located at the upper sideward portion of Secretes tears.
the orbit.
12. Ciliary body Expansion of the choroid layer in front of Alter the shape of the lens
the eye.
13. Macula At the back of the eye, almost at the Region of brightest vision.
lutea/Yellow spot centre of the horizontal axis of the
eyeball
14. Blind spot Lateral to the yellow spot on the nasal Point of no vision, devoid of any
side. sensory cells
15. Aqueous chamber Between the lens and cornea. Contains aqueous humour which
keeps the lens moist and refracts light
16. Vitreous chamber Large cavity of the eyeball behind the Filled with vitreous humour which
lens. helps in keeping the shape of the
eyeball. Protects the retina.
17. Eustachean tube Connects the cavity of the middle ear to Equalises the air pressure on either
the throat. sides of the ear drum allowing it to
vibrate freely.
18. Semicircular canal In the inner ear Dynamic balance
19. Utriculus and In the inner ear Static balance
sacculus
20. Organ of corti In the median canal of the cochlea Hearing
21. cochlea In the inner ear Hearing
22. Lens Transparent biconvex crystalline body Converge the light rays on the retina
located just behind the pupil to form image of the object viewed
23. Adrenal gland Like a cap above the kidneys Secretes adrenaline and cortisone
24. pancreas Just below the stomach ,in the loop of Secretes insulin
the duodenum
25. Thyroid In front of the neck just below the larynx Secretes thyroxin
26. Pituitary gland Small projection which hangs from the Secretes hormones which control the
base of mid brain below hypothalamus functioning of other endocrine glands
27. testes Oval organs contained in a thin walled Sperms production
sac called scrotum Secretes testosterone
28. seminiferous In the lobules of the testis Sperms are produced
tubule
29. interstitial cells/ Packing tissue between the coils of Produce the male hormone
leydig cells seminiferous tubules testosterone
30. seminal vesicles Posterior surface of the urinary bladder Produces a secretion which serves as
and rectum a medium for the transportation of
sperms
31. Prostate gland Surrounds the urethra close to its origin Pours an alkaline secretion into the
from the bladder semen, which neutralises acid in
female’s vagina
32. Uterus Situated in the pelvic cavity between Implantation and gestation occurs in
urinary bladder and rectum uterus/Holds the foetus
